{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2883868595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080292","title":"Optimized Location-Allocation of Earthquake Relief Centers Using PSO and ACO, Complemented by GIS, Clustering, and TOPSIS","display_name":"Optimized Location-Allocation of Earthquake Relief Centers Using PSO and ACO, Complemented by GIS, Clustering, and TOPSIS","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2883868595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080292","mag":"2883868595"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7080292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080292","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/8/292/pdf?version=1532429428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/8/292/pdf?version=1532429428","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052176730","display_name":"Bahram Saeidian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6526-3440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahram Saeidian","raw_affiliation_strings":["GIS Division, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIS Division, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041320440","display_name":"Mohammad Saadi Mesgari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2119-5164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Saadi Mesgari","raw_affiliation_strings":["GIS Division, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics, and Geoinformation Technology Center of Excellence, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIS Division, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics, and Geoinformation Technology Center of Excellence, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059040421","display_name":"Biswajeet Pradhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-2054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Biswajeet Pradhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS), Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-2054","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS), Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033734796","display_name":"Mostafa Ghodousi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2837-5704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Ghodousi","raw_affiliation_strings":["GIS Division, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GIS Division, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059040421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":7.5486,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96687019,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"8","first_page":"292","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9769999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topsis","display_name":"TOPSIS","score":0.8811079263687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.7394859790802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.701926589012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6329060792922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony-optimization-algorithms","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","score":0.6285011768341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal-solution","display_name":"Ideal solution","score":0.5439538955688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-allocation","display_name":"Location-allocation","score":0.517727792263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5117032527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.509030818939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4942646026611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4789186716079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.4228481352329254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3677203059196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18902075290679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18220245838165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1731278896331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1413745880126953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51566761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1235853","display_name":"TOPSIS","level":2,"score":0.8811079263687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.7394859790802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.701926589012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6329060792922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40128228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460851","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","level":2,"score":0.6285011768341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89591040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779030","display_name":"Ideal solution","level":2,"score":0.5439538955688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778212267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664764","display_name":"Location-allocation","level":2,"score":0.517727792263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5117032527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.509030818939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4942646026611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4789186716079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.4228481352329254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3677203059196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18902075290679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18220245838165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1731278896331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1413745880126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7080292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080292","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/8/292/pdf?version=1532429428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:27116fe24cff47db9f6d250c0be791fd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/27116fe24cff47db9f6d250c0be791fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 7, Iss 8, p 292 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/7/8/292/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/130812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/130812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi7080292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7080292","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/7/8/292/pdf?version=1532429428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2883868595.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2883868595.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84428182","https://openalex.org/W85740139","https://openalex.org/W414544266","https://openalex.org/W1563525683","https://openalex.org/W1835176610","https://openalex.org/W1875348914","https://openalex.org/W1965919593","https://openalex.org/W1976868141","https://openalex.org/W1995779672","https://openalex.org/W2009730102","https://openalex.org/W2019515431","https://openalex.org/W2020463360","https://openalex.org/W2020855305","https://openalex.org/W2024927972","https://openalex.org/W2028552829","https://openalex.org/W2031510786","https://openalex.org/W2032971067","https://openalex.org/W2041386863","https://openalex.org/W2043927268","https://openalex.org/W2048300569","https://openalex.org/W2052982604","https://openalex.org/W2053763399","https://openalex.org/W2055545070","https://openalex.org/W2064788562","https://openalex.org/W2065109455","https://openalex.org/W2065179551","https://openalex.org/W2067043844","https://openalex.org/W2069084725","https://openalex.org/W2070280024","https://openalex.org/W2070756367","https://openalex.org/W2073268144","https://openalex.org/W2076494236","https://openalex.org/W2077805146","https://openalex.org/W2078256042","https://openalex.org/W2085116982","https://openalex.org/W2089542102","https://openalex.org/W2089789622","https://openalex.org/W2091244149","https://openalex.org/W2094275102","https://openalex.org/W2107941094","https://openalex.org/W2118573797","https://openalex.org/W2119876080","https://openalex.org/W2124823351","https://openalex.org/W2125213524","https://openalex.org/W2147101664","https://openalex.org/W2151554678","https://openalex.org/W2165046421","https://openalex.org/W2167920923","https://openalex.org/W2184739843","https://openalex.org/W2185228833","https://openalex.org/W2224959353","https://openalex.org/W2261079877","https://openalex.org/W2288831246","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2306115793","https://openalex.org/W2316585089","https://openalex.org/W2342580916","https://openalex.org/W2366159560","https://openalex.org/W2390268130","https://openalex.org/W2415698199","https://openalex.org/W2479534119","https://openalex.org/W2543580944","https://openalex.org/W2543823501","https://openalex.org/W2556232699","https://openalex.org/W2625062492","https://openalex.org/W2805472224","https://openalex.org/W2883196850","https://openalex.org/W2996256129","https://openalex.org/W3150252750","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6622991351","https://openalex.org/W6676058556","https://openalex.org/W6682642761","https://openalex.org/W6686189856","https://openalex.org/W6686543371","https://openalex.org/W6696800067","https://openalex.org/W6793713480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2775045317","https://openalex.org/W2612149696","https://openalex.org/W2347675019","https://openalex.org/W2367947563","https://openalex.org/W2890644467","https://openalex.org/W1611875833","https://openalex.org/W2293394021","https://openalex.org/W4387430003","https://openalex.org/W3135485754","https://openalex.org/W1990029659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"an":[1,171],"earthquake,":[2],"it":[3],"is":[4,134,170],"required":[5],"to":[6,13,66,125,174],"establish":[7],"temporary":[8],"relief":[9,43],"centers":[10,23,44,119],"in":[11,45,109,142],"order":[12],"help":[14],"the":[15,29,38,58,77,94,110,115,121,137,157,162,166,186,189,201],"victims.":[16],"Selection":[17],"of":[18,31,42,48,62,81,117,123,160,185],"proper":[19,118],"sites":[20,102],"for":[21,60],"these":[22],"has":[24],"a":[25,72,130],"significant":[26],"effect":[27],"on":[28],"processes":[30],"urban":[32],"disaster":[33],"management.":[34],"In":[35,183],"this":[36,143],"paper,":[37],"location":[39],"and":[40,76,86,98,120,146,165,180,196],"allocation":[41,122,181],"district":[46],"1":[47],"Tehran":[49],"are":[50,112,127,148],"carried":[51],"out":[52],"using":[53,92,136,150],"Geospatial":[54],"Information":[55],"System":[56],"(GIS),":[57],"Technique":[59],"Order":[61],"Preference":[63],"by":[64],"Similarity":[65],"Ideal":[67],"Solution":[68],"(TOPSIS)":[69],"decision":[70],"model,":[71],"simple":[73],"clustering":[74,96,163],"method":[75,97],"two":[78],"meta-heuristic":[79,138],"algorithms":[80],"Particle":[82],"Swarm":[83],"Optimization":[84,89],"(PSO)":[85],"Ant":[87],"Colony":[88],"(ACO).":[90],"First,":[91],"TOPSIS,":[93,161],"proposed":[95],"GIS":[99],"analysis":[100],"tools,":[101],"satisfying":[103],"initial":[104],"conditions":[105],"with":[106],"adequate":[107],"distribution":[108],"area":[111],"chosen.":[113],"Then,":[114],"selection":[116,179],"parcels":[124],"them":[126],"modelled":[128],"as":[129],"location/allocation":[131],"problem,":[132],"which":[133],"solved":[135],"optimization":[139,167],"algorithms.":[140,168],"Also,":[141],"research,":[144],"PSO":[145,190],"ACO":[147],"compared":[149],"different":[151],"criteria.":[152],"The":[153],"implementation":[154],"results":[155],"show":[156],"general":[158],"adequacy":[159],"method,":[164],"This":[169],"appropriate":[172],"approach":[173],"solve":[175],"such":[176],"complex":[177],"site":[178],"problems.":[182],"view":[184],"assessment":[187],"results,":[188],"finds":[191],"better":[192],"answers,":[193],"converges":[194],"faster,":[195],"shows":[197],"higher":[198],"consistency":[199],"than":[200],"ACO.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
