{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2620012186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6060175","title":"Generalized Aggregation of Sparse Coded Multi-Spectra for Satellite Scene Classification","display_name":"Generalized Aggregation of Sparse Coded Multi-Spectra for Satellite Scene Classification","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2620012186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6060175","mag":"2620012186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi6060175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6060175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/6/175/pdf?version=1498124609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/6/175/pdf?version=1498124609","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086851360","display_name":"Xian\u2010Hua Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5003-3180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173915773","display_name":"Yamaguchi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cxys317","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xian-Hua Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044216245","display_name":"Yen\u2010Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-0188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135768898","display_name":"Ritsumeikan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0197nmd03","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135768898","https://openalex.org/I4390039241"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yen-wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135768898"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086851360"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.9417,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79362312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"6","first_page":"175","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.707297682762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.6774858832359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.6659755110740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.6321801543235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6055999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5468844175338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5096457004547119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5042001008987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.4495318830013275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-bands","display_name":"Spectral bands","score":0.44450023770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36811840534210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16458502411842346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.707297682762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.6774858832359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.6659755110740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.6321801543235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6055999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5468844175338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5096457004547119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5042001008987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.4495318830013275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114700698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2882278","display_name":"Spectral bands","level":2,"score":0.44450023770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36811840534210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16458502411842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi6060175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6060175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/6/175/pdf?version=1498124609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/6/6/175/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6060175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 6; Issue 6; Pages: 175","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi6060175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6060175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/6/6/175/pdf?version=1498124609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311508","display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01703db54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2620012186.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2620012186.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606858007","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1912954554","https://openalex.org/W1966798775","https://openalex.org/W1968591910","https://openalex.org/W1973386691","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1986482242","https://openalex.org/W2001123951","https://openalex.org/W2006069468","https://openalex.org/W2006603039","https://openalex.org/W2016717611","https://openalex.org/W2021755911","https://openalex.org/W2027922120","https://openalex.org/W2036700776","https://openalex.org/W2060384859","https://openalex.org/W2062118960","https://openalex.org/W2086866337","https://openalex.org/W2088866137","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2098295833","https://openalex.org/W2098676252","https://openalex.org/W2105032938","https://openalex.org/W2106677999","https://openalex.org/W2107222994","https://openalex.org/W2119605622","https://openalex.org/W2134563198","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2151259137","https://openalex.org/W2151649773","https://openalex.org/W2153753491","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2211843587","https://openalex.org/W2411241875","https://openalex.org/W2532691318","https://openalex.org/W2543932557","https://openalex.org/W2608157486","https://openalex.org/W2950094539","https://openalex.org/W2953391683","https://openalex.org/W6679809621","https://openalex.org/W6715307492","https://openalex.org/W6729165914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2293149949","https://openalex.org/W2026099691","https://openalex.org/W4284672201","https://openalex.org/W2377486419","https://openalex.org/W2943202426","https://openalex.org/W2137816434","https://openalex.org/W2163679795","https://openalex.org/W2736714427","https://openalex.org/W2017956276","https://openalex.org/W2048606991"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Satellite":[0],"scene":[1,78,95,112,171,225],"classification":[2,113],"is":[3,104,215],"challenging":[4],"because":[5],"of":[6,29,58,70,90,98,164,181,191,211],"the":[7,27,30,38,47,67,87,128,142,162,189,192,209,220],"high":[8],"variability":[9],"inherent":[10],"in":[11,17,24,107,158,168],"satellite":[12,32,51,77,94,170,205,224],"data.":[13],"Although":[14],"rapid":[15],"progress":[16],"remote":[18],"sensing":[19],"techniques":[20],"has":[21,54],"been":[22],"witnessed":[23],"recent":[25],"years,":[26],"resolution":[28],"available":[31],"images":[33,40],"remains":[34],"limited":[35],"compared":[36,218],"with":[37,153,219],"general":[39,63,108],"acquired":[41],"using":[42,99],"a":[43,50,55,62,145,169,175],"common":[44],"camera.":[45],"On":[46],"other":[48],"hand,":[49],"image":[52,109],"usually":[53],"greater":[56],"number":[57],"spectral":[59,91,136,148,166],"bands":[60],"than":[61],"image,":[64,172],"thereby":[65],"permitting":[66],"multi-spectral":[68,83,124,129],"analysis":[69,84,125],"different":[71,120],"land":[72],"materials":[73],"and":[74,85,110,114,138,184],"promoting":[75],"low-resolution":[76],"recognition.":[79],"This":[80,102],"study":[81],"advocates":[82],"explores":[86],"middle-level":[88],"statistics":[89],"information":[92],"for":[93,119,132,223],"representation":[96],"instead":[97,180],"spatial":[100],"analysis.":[101],"approach":[103,214],"widely":[105],"utilized":[106],"natural":[111],"achieved":[115],"promising":[116],"recognition":[117],"performance":[118,210],"applications.":[121],"The":[122],"proposed":[123,213],"firstly":[126],"learns":[127],"prototypes":[130],"(codebook)":[131],"representing":[133],"any":[134],"pixel-wise":[135],"data,":[137],"then,":[139],"based":[140],"on":[141,203],"learned":[143],"codebook,":[144],"sparse":[146],"coded":[147,165,200],"vector":[149],"can":[150],"be":[151],"obtained":[152],"machine":[154],"learning":[155],"techniques.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"order":[159],"to":[160],"combine":[161],"set":[163],"vectors":[167],"we":[173],"propose":[174],"hybrid":[176],"aggregation":[177],"(pooling)":[178],"approach,":[179],"conventional":[182],"averaging":[183],"max":[185],"pooling,":[186],"which":[187],"includes":[188],"benefits":[190],"two":[193],"existing":[194],"methods,":[195],"but":[196],"avoids":[197],"extremely":[198],"noisy":[199],"values.":[201],"Experiments":[202],"three":[204],"datasets":[206],"validated":[207],"that":[208],"our":[212],"very":[216],"impressive":[217],"state-of-the-art":[221],"methods":[222],"classification.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
