{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416088878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110445","title":"Long-Term LULC Monitoring in El Jadida, Morocco (1985\u20132020): A Machine Learning-Based Comparative Analysis","display_name":"Long-Term LULC Monitoring in El Jadida, Morocco (1985\u20132020): A Machine Learning-Based Comparative Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416088878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi14110445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110445","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/445/pdf?version=1762761149","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/445/pdf?version=1762761149","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013131488","display_name":"Ikram El Mjiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3540-9792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ikram El Mjiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3540-9792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111734771","display_name":"Abdelmejid Rahimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdelmejid Rahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078947648","display_name":"Abdelkrim Bouasria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-6520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelkrim Bouasria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-6520","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018148967","display_name":"Mohammed Bounif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3967-2755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Bounif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120335623","display_name":"Wardia Boulanouar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wardia Boulanouar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geodynamics and Geomatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111734771"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.9434,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7947187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"445","last_page":"445"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.5329999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.5329999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.23340000212192535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.1307000070810318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.7081000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.5892000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohens-kappa","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.4999000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomatics","display_name":"Geomatics","score":0.42809998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kappa","display_name":"Kappa","score":0.41200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.7081000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5892000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163864269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107106","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","level":2,"score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.4999000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4699000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12780434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619798","display_name":"Geomatics","level":2,"score":0.42809998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778724333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14401","display_name":"Kappa","level":2,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502990516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3395383","display_name":"Agricultural land","level":3,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104541649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935090","display_name":"Multispectral pattern recognition","level":3,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184603391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60738778","display_name":"Land-use planning","level":3,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777205146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935091","display_name":"Multispectral Scanner","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559400886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001056","display_name":"Land management","level":3,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi14110445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110445","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/445/pdf?version=1762761149","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7afcd71de534451b9b92c26a5ef1b9bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7afcd71de534451b9b92c26a5ef1b9bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 445 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi14110445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110445","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/445/pdf?version=1762761149","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416088878.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416088878.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151108041","https://openalex.org/W1918072595","https://openalex.org/W1965846105","https://openalex.org/W2004056710","https://openalex.org/W2039853831","https://openalex.org/W2055718260","https://openalex.org/W2056590375","https://openalex.org/W2058963764","https://openalex.org/W2063907334","https://openalex.org/W2076627662","https://openalex.org/W2079454091","https://openalex.org/W2102200338","https://openalex.org/W2153820558","https://openalex.org/W2218575918","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2283002322","https://openalex.org/W2300415889","https://openalex.org/W2589453516","https://openalex.org/W2793927960","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2913618828","https://openalex.org/W2920930972","https://openalex.org/W2922152173","https://openalex.org/W2935917809","https://openalex.org/W2963131120","https://openalex.org/W2964287450","https://openalex.org/W2969945043","https://openalex.org/W3037111786","https://openalex.org/W3045755298","https://openalex.org/W3128077580","https://openalex.org/W3129183989","https://openalex.org/W3161556230","https://openalex.org/W3170446448","https://openalex.org/W3205663347","https://openalex.org/W3210593894","https://openalex.org/W4205599501","https://openalex.org/W4205632979","https://openalex.org/W4205701548","https://openalex.org/W4206459656","https://openalex.org/W4225481819","https://openalex.org/W4281933899","https://openalex.org/W4285072905","https://openalex.org/W4297090729","https://openalex.org/W4308158648","https://openalex.org/W4312084665","https://openalex.org/W4382133211","https://openalex.org/W4383955634","https://openalex.org/W4390452146","https://openalex.org/W4391323864","https://openalex.org/W4392941686","https://openalex.org/W4396877347","https://openalex.org/W4396885164","https://openalex.org/W4400229360","https://openalex.org/W4401591307","https://openalex.org/W4402498080","https://openalex.org/W4402542298","https://openalex.org/W4403353058","https://openalex.org/W4405768582","https://openalex.org/W4406244347","https://openalex.org/W4407560740","https://openalex.org/W4408062068","https://openalex.org/W4408770943","https://openalex.org/W4409436636","https://openalex.org/W4411142531","https://openalex.org/W4411570266","https://openalex.org/W4412008588","https://openalex.org/W4413282971"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advancements":[1],"in":[2,11,67,173,245],"remote":[3],"sensing":[4],"and":[5,17,30,43,56,63,76,84,99,116,137,150,168,170,195,213,221,242],"geospatial":[6],"processing":[7],"tools":[8],"have":[9],"ushered":[10],"a":[12,138,253],"new":[13],"era":[14],"of":[15,35,72,135,141,157,164,189,207,231,265],"mapping":[16,47,241],"monitoring":[18],"landscape":[19,211],"changes":[20,66],"across":[21],"various":[22],"scales.":[23],"This":[24,58,201,250],"progress":[25],"is":[26],"critical":[27,254],"for":[28,53,217,238,257],"understanding":[29],"anticipating":[31],"the":[32,68,113,117,124,128,161,165,187,204,228,235,246,262],"underlying":[33],"drivers":[34],"environmental":[36],"change.":[37],"In":[38],"particular,":[39],"large-scale":[40],"Land":[41,44],"Use":[42],"Cover":[45],"(LULC)":[46],"has":[48],"become":[49],"an":[50,132],"indispensable":[51],"tool":[52],"territorial":[54],"planning":[55],"monitoring.":[57],"study":[59,251],"aims":[60],"to":[61,260,268],"map":[62],"evaluate":[64],"LULC":[65,240],"El":[69,247],"Jadida":[70,248],"region":[71],"Morocco":[73],"between":[74],"1985":[75],"2020.":[77],"Utilizing":[78],"multispectral":[79],"Landsat":[80],"imagery,":[81],"we":[82],"applied":[83],"compared":[85],"three":[86],"supervised":[87],"machine":[88,232],"learning":[89],"classification":[90],"algorithms:":[91],"Random":[92],"Forest":[93],"(RF),":[94],"Support":[95],"Vector":[96],"Machine":[97],"(SVM),":[98],"Neural":[100],"Network":[101],"(NNET).":[102],"Model":[103],"performance":[104],"was":[105,127],"assessed":[106],"using":[107],"statistical":[108],"metrics,":[109],"including":[110],"overall":[111,133],"accuracy,":[112],"Kappa":[114,139,147,153],"coefficient,":[115],"F1":[118],"score.":[119],"The":[120,178,225],"results":[121],"indicate":[122],"that":[123],"RF":[125,236],"algorithm":[126],"most":[129],"effective,":[130],"achieving":[131],"accuracy":[134],"90.3%":[136],"coefficient":[140],"0.859,":[142],"outperforming":[143],"both":[144],"NNET":[145],"(81.3%;":[146],"=":[148,154],"0.722)":[149],"SVM":[151],"(80.2%;":[152],"0.703).":[155],"Analysis":[156],"explanatory":[158],"variables":[159],"underscored":[160],"decisive":[162],"contribution":[163],"NDWI,":[166],"NDBI,":[167],"SWIR":[169],"thermal":[171],"bands":[172],"discriminating":[174],"land":[175,222,267],"cover":[176],"classes.":[177],"spatio-temporal":[179],"analysis":[180],"reveals":[181],"significant":[182],"urban":[183,269],"expansion,":[184],"primarily":[185],"at":[186],"expense":[188],"agricultural":[190,266],"land,":[191],"while":[192],"forested":[193],"areas":[194],"water":[196],"bodies":[197],"remained":[198],"relatively":[199],"stable.":[200],"trend":[202],"highlights":[203],"growing":[205],"influence":[206],"anthropogenic":[208],"pressure":[209],"on":[210],"structure":[212],"underscores":[214],"its":[215],"implications":[216],"sustainable":[218],"resource":[219],"management":[220],"use":[223],"planning.":[224],"findings":[226],"demonstrate":[227],"high":[229],"efficacy":[230],"learning,":[233],"particularly":[234],"algorithm,":[237],"accurate":[239],"change":[243],"detection":[244],"region.":[249],"provides":[252],"evidence":[255],"base":[256],"regional":[258],"planners":[259],"address":[261],"ongoing":[263],"loss":[264],"expansion.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-11-10T00:00:00"}