{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415991860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110439","title":"Spatio-Temporal Variability and Environmental Associations of Emergency Department Demand: A Longitudinal Analysis in Zaragoza, Spain (2011\u20132024)","display_name":"Spatio-Temporal Variability and Environmental Associations of Emergency Department Demand: A Longitudinal Analysis in Zaragoza, Spain (2011\u20132024)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415991860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi14110439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110439","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/439/pdf?version=1762507205","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/439/pdf?version=1762507205","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007401635","display_name":"Jorge Blanco-Prieto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-3487"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Blanco Prieto","raw_affiliation_strings":["UPintelligence S.L., 33011 Oviedo, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-3487","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPintelligence S.L., 33011 Oviedo, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045456254","display_name":"M. Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6279-3202"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Ferreras Gonz\u00e1lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["UPintelligence S.L., 33011 Oviedo, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPintelligence S.L., 33011 Oviedo, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093651414","display_name":"Oscar Jes\u00fas Cosido Cobos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4766-6929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165339363","display_name":"Universidad de Oviedo","ror":"https://ror.org/006gksa02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Cosido Cobos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oviedo, 33007 Oviedo, Spain","UPintelligence S.L., 33011 Oviedo, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4766-6929","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oviedo, 33007 Oviedo, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPintelligence S.L., 33011 Oviedo, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007401635"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39750789,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"439","last_page":"439"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11244","display_name":"Climate Change and Health Impacts","score":0.3962000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11244","display_name":"Climate Change and Health Impacts","score":0.3962000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.2786000072956085,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.04089999943971634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overcrowding","display_name":"Overcrowding","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.6696000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department","display_name":"Emergency department","score":0.6087999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","score":0.4442000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-information-system","display_name":"Geographic information system","score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.34950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778872837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113614","display_name":"Overcrowding","level":2,"score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.6696000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780724011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295316","display_name":"Emergency department","level":2,"score":0.6087999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.4442000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.384799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.34950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777120189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780067","display_name":"Triage","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3215999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780016893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1312371","display_name":"Health department","level":3,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910035552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65086179","display_name":"Surge Capacity","level":5,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775860198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257872","display_name":"Public hospital","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi14110439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110439","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/439/pdf?version=1762507205","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:605df5275ef143aa9413a84ade9a1aec","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/605df5275ef143aa9413a84ade9a1aec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 439 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi14110439","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14110439","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/14/11/439/pdf?version=1762507205","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415991860.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415991860.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031057184","https://openalex.org/W4293103572","https://openalex.org/W4366293995","https://openalex.org/W4382519956","https://openalex.org/W4385752021","https://openalex.org/W4402063268","https://openalex.org/W4403501982","https://openalex.org/W4403827600","https://openalex.org/W4404595108","https://openalex.org/W4404643598","https://openalex.org/W4408290102","https://openalex.org/W4408382903","https://openalex.org/W4408941524","https://openalex.org/W4409592393","https://openalex.org/W4410691941","https://openalex.org/W4410922501","https://openalex.org/W4413721774"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emergency":[0],"department":[1],"(ED)":[2],"overcrowding":[3],"has":[4],"become":[5],"a":[6,115],"critical":[7],"public":[8],"health":[9,107,160],"issue":[10],"worldwide,":[11],"driven":[12],"by":[13],"increasing":[14],"demand":[15,63,164],"and":[16,43,49,66,87,96,140,146,166],"limited":[17],"healthcare":[18],"resources.":[19],"This":[20,154],"study":[21],"analyzes":[22],"the":[23,71,74,77,112,133,142,157],"spatio-temporal":[24],"variability":[25],"of":[26,73,144,159],"ED":[27,62,151],"visits":[28],"at":[29],"Royo":[30],"Villanova":[31],"Hospital":[32],"(Zaragoza,":[33],"Spain)":[34],"from":[35],"2011":[36],"to":[37,111,162],"2024,":[38],"integrating":[39],"clinical,":[40],"demographic,":[41],"environmental,":[42],"socioeconomic":[44],"data.":[45],"Using":[46],"geospatial":[47,145],"tools":[48],"machine":[50],"learning":[51],"models":[52,139],"(XGBoost":[53],"with":[54,109],"SHAP":[55],"interpretation),":[56],"we":[57],"identify":[58],"key":[59],"patterns":[60],"in":[61,105,124,127],"across":[64,81],"time":[65],"space.":[67],"Results":[68],"show":[69],"that":[70],"hour":[72],"day":[75],"is":[76],"most":[78],"influential":[79],"variable":[80],"all":[82],"diagnoses,":[83],"while":[84],"temperature,":[85],"humidity,":[86],"air":[88],"pollutants":[89],"(NO2,":[90],"SO2,":[91],"O3)":[92],"significantly":[93],"affect":[94],"respiratory":[95],"injury-related":[97],"visits.":[98],"Spatial":[99],"analysis":[100],"reveals":[101],"persistent":[102],"high-demand":[103],"clusters":[104],"specific":[106],"zones,":[108],"proximity":[110],"hospital":[113],"playing":[114],"major":[116],"role.":[117],"The":[118],"COVID-19":[119],"pandemic":[120],"caused":[121],"structural":[122],"shifts":[123],"demand,":[125],"particularly":[126],"pediatric":[128],"care.":[129],"Our":[130],"findings":[131],"highlight":[132],"need":[134],"for":[135,149],"tailored,":[136],"diagnosis-specific":[137],"predictive":[138],"support":[141],"use":[143],"environmental":[147],"data":[148],"proactive":[150],"resource":[152],"planning.":[153],"approach":[155],"enhances":[156],"capacity":[158],"systems":[161],"anticipate":[163],"surges":[165],"allocate":[167],"resources":[168],"efficiently.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-11-07T00:00:00"}