{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404302037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110410","title":"Delineations for Police Patrolling on Street Network Segments with p-Median Location Models","display_name":"Delineations for Police Patrolling on Street Network Segments with p-Median Location Models","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404302037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi13110410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110410","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/13/11/410/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/13/11/410/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723876","display_name":"Chang-Ho Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-1434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034633667","display_name":"Hyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7637-678X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Sustainability, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Sustainability, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066484698","display_name":"Yongwan Chun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-1379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongwan Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047557932","display_name":"Daniel A. Griffith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5125-6450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel A. Griffith","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100723876"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.6583,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69963985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"410","last_page":"410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patrolling","display_name":"Patrolling","score":0.9721817374229431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42591720819473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.423306941986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.40282702445983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.37604430317878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminology","display_name":"Criminology","score":0.3233976364135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.20159053802490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.13967150449752808}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110698143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q651389","display_name":"Patrolling","level":2,"score":0.9721817374229431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42591720819473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.423306941986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.40282702445983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.37604430317878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.3233976364135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.20159053802490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.13967150449752808}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi13110410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110410","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/13/11/410/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f52945f1dcc14e9f8b90095ff1ee3895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f52945f1dcc14e9f8b90095ff1ee3895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 410 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi13110410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110410","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/13/11/410/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3583023310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BCS-1951344","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404302037.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404302037.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28044850","https://openalex.org/W1794587754","https://openalex.org/W1810495857","https://openalex.org/W1978293581","https://openalex.org/W1978828094","https://openalex.org/W1980206247","https://openalex.org/W1987797310","https://openalex.org/W1989807369","https://openalex.org/W1991944037","https://openalex.org/W1994231679","https://openalex.org/W1998000647","https://openalex.org/W2000670787","https://openalex.org/W2010147297","https://openalex.org/W2019443279","https://openalex.org/W2040185995","https://openalex.org/W2049726324","https://openalex.org/W2050314541","https://openalex.org/W2051764358","https://openalex.org/W2053686654","https://openalex.org/W2062340241","https://openalex.org/W2068136185","https://openalex.org/W2082878375","https://openalex.org/W2087054621","https://openalex.org/W2093612088","https://openalex.org/W2102750402","https://openalex.org/W2104321173","https://openalex.org/W2104827669","https://openalex.org/W2118217692","https://openalex.org/W2128241964","https://openalex.org/W2131065463","https://openalex.org/W2132389350","https://openalex.org/W2144529277","https://openalex.org/W2163747497","https://openalex.org/W2165733893","https://openalex.org/W2233493213","https://openalex.org/W2430978553","https://openalex.org/W2502751880","https://openalex.org/W2511539680","https://openalex.org/W2780031658","https://openalex.org/W2804721087","https://openalex.org/W2889732301","https://openalex.org/W2895627653","https://openalex.org/W2975620640","https://openalex.org/W3021014158","https://openalex.org/W3047599236","https://openalex.org/W4247024249","https://openalex.org/W4299708757","https://openalex.org/W4384819271","https://openalex.org/W4391723763","https://openalex.org/W6618506708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W170273588","https://openalex.org/W2337788814","https://openalex.org/W2092973197","https://openalex.org/W2404411151","https://openalex.org/W2163146706","https://openalex.org/W3206391274","https://openalex.org/W167683769","https://openalex.org/W2308616044","https://openalex.org/W1482410789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Police":[0],"patrolling":[1,22,254],"intends":[2],"to":[3,93,118,128,150,206],"enhance":[4],"traffic":[5,47,80],"safety":[6],"by":[7],"mitigating":[8],"the":[9,103,112,119,131,197,212,239],"risks":[10],"associated":[11],"with":[12,164,186,241],"vehicle":[13,84,124],"crashes":[14,85,125],"and":[15,29,43],"accidents.":[16],"From":[17],"a":[18,72,179,226],"view":[19],"of":[20,27,98,105,122,142,172,183,192,222,230],"operations,":[21],"requires":[23],"an":[24,58,95,140,245],"effective":[25,201],"distribution":[26,36,229],"resources":[28,45],"often":[30],"involves":[31],"area":[32],"delineations":[33],"for":[34,46,53,111,252,263],"this":[35,143,187,193],"purpose.":[37],"Given":[38],"constraints":[39,149,224],"such":[40,82],"as":[41,75,83],"budget":[42],"human":[44],"safety,":[48],"delineating":[49],"geographic":[50],"areas":[51,56,101,209,251],"optimally":[52],"police":[54,99,253],"patrol":[55,100,156,208,233],"is":[57],"important":[59],"agenda":[60],"item.":[61],"This":[62],"paper":[63,194],"considers":[64],"two":[65,90,159],"p-median":[66,114,145,198],"location":[67],"models":[68,160,199],"using":[69],"segments":[70],"on":[71,78,130,178],"street":[73],"network":[74,165,180],"observational":[76],"units":[77],"which":[79],"issues":[81],"occur.":[86],"It":[87],"also":[88,162],"uses":[89,147],"weight":[91],"sets":[92],"construct":[94],"enhanced":[96],"delineation":[97],"in":[102,135,244],"City":[104],"Plano,":[106],"Texas.":[107],"The":[108,137,189,220],"first":[109,144],"model":[110,240],"standard":[113],"formulation":[115],"gives":[116],"attention":[117],"cumulative":[120],"number":[121],"motor":[123],"from":[126],"2011":[127],"2021":[129],"major":[132],"transportation":[133],"networks":[134],"Plano.":[136],"second":[138],"model,":[139],"extension":[141],"one,":[146],"balancing":[148,223],"achieve":[151],"balanced":[152],"spatial":[153,260],"coverage":[154],"across":[155],"areas.":[157],"These":[158,175],"are":[161],"solved":[163],"kernel":[166],"density":[167],"count":[168],"estimates":[169],"(NKDCE)":[170],"instead":[171],"crash":[173],"counts.":[174],"smoothed":[176],"densities":[177],"enable":[181],"consideration":[182],"uncertainty":[184],"affiliated":[185],"aggregation.":[188],"analysis":[190],"results":[191,243],"suggest":[195],"that":[196,210],"provide":[200],"specifications,":[202],"including":[203],"their":[204],"capability":[205],"define":[207],"encompass":[211],"entire":[213],"study":[214],"region":[215],"while":[216],"minimizing":[217],"distance":[218],"costs.":[219],"inclusion":[221],"ensures":[225],"more":[227,258],"equitable":[228],"workloads":[231],"among":[232,249],"areas,":[234],"improving":[235],"overall":[236],"efficiency.":[237],"Additionally,":[238],"NKDCE":[242],"improved":[246],"workload":[247],"balance":[248],"delineated":[250],"activities,":[255],"thus":[256],"supporting":[257],"informed":[259],"decision-making":[261],"processes":[262],"public":[264],"safety.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
