{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367844544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050186","title":"Assessment of Perceived and Physical Walkability Using Street View Images and Deep Learning Technology","display_name":"Assessment of Perceived and Physical Walkability Using Street View Images and Deep Learning Technology","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367844544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi12050186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050186","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/186/pdf?version=1683518293","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/186/pdf?version=1683518293","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033196932","display_name":"Youngok Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-0645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youngok Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Studies (Geography), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-0645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Studies (Geography), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiyeon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Studies (Geography), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Studies (Geography), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409604","display_name":"Jiyoung Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1846-2652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiyoung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Studies (Geography), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Studies (Geography), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100767318","display_name":"Jiyoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-1098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiyoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Big Data Analytics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Big Data Analytics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033196932"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"],"apc_list":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1893},"apc_paid":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1893},"fwci":17.683,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99452111,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"5","first_page":"186","last_page":"186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walkability","display_name":"Walkability","score":0.9884793758392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-environment","display_name":"Built environment","score":0.5116963386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.46779876947402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41644734144210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.1442667841911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13272777199745178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780814631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2822691","display_name":"Walkability","level":3,"score":0.9884793758392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.5116963386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.46779876947402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41644734144210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.1442667841911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13272777199745178}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi12050186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050186","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/186/pdf?version=1683518293","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e4de8e6669964110903ff1bfa8e06112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e4de8e6669964110903ff1bfa8e06112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 12, Iss 5, p 186 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/12/5/186/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 12; Issue 5; Pages: 186","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi12050186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050186","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/12/5/186/pdf?version=1683518293","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5180178797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-00143782","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","funder_display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement","ror":"https://ror.org/00rxf7n07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367844544.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481862848","https://openalex.org/W1486622124","https://openalex.org/W1586154453","https://openalex.org/W1899024385","https://openalex.org/W1968147892","https://openalex.org/W1973477129","https://openalex.org/W1974676486","https://openalex.org/W1987233492","https://openalex.org/W1999329277","https://openalex.org/W2003189768","https://openalex.org/W2005544339","https://openalex.org/W2009678853","https://openalex.org/W2022674157","https://openalex.org/W2025547609","https://openalex.org/W2029777978","https://openalex.org/W2031232872","https://openalex.org/W2048400826","https://openalex.org/W2067906953","https://openalex.org/W2084804872","https://openalex.org/W2085354994","https://openalex.org/W2101254446","https://openalex.org/W2119616510","https://openalex.org/W2131326416","https://openalex.org/W2144512297","https://openalex.org/W2148796958","https://openalex.org/W2217895792","https://openalex.org/W2325040429","https://openalex.org/W2478090196","https://openalex.org/W2522454246","https://openalex.org/W2592939477","https://openalex.org/W2604943478","https://openalex.org/W2621355997","https://openalex.org/W2789694445","https://openalex.org/W2790587560","https://openalex.org/W2795145099","https://openalex.org/W2810102933","https://openalex.org/W2886098943","https://openalex.org/W2900031089","https://openalex.org/W2903606033","https://openalex.org/W2904894527","https://openalex.org/W2947466881","https://openalex.org/W2967372292","https://openalex.org/W2967496926","https://openalex.org/W2993028062","https://openalex.org/W2997743882","https://openalex.org/W3041112601","https://openalex.org/W3090907999","https://openalex.org/W3091905774","https://openalex.org/W3142332301","https://openalex.org/W3151585875","https://openalex.org/W3159389743","https://openalex.org/W3177390112","https://openalex.org/W3195494505","https://openalex.org/W4286419893","https://openalex.org/W6753631097","https://openalex.org/W7033070179"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2734880387","https://openalex.org/W2220120932","https://openalex.org/W4386850332","https://openalex.org/W4379140553","https://openalex.org/W3191452587","https://openalex.org/W2646850178","https://openalex.org/W1481862848","https://openalex.org/W3207552813","https://openalex.org/W4211001273","https://openalex.org/W2958917597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"neighborhood":[1],"walkability":[2,43,103,122,141,172,210],"has":[3],"gradually":[4],"become":[5],"an":[6,19],"important":[7],"topic":[8],"in":[9,29,44,70,155,178,184,213],"various":[10],"fields,":[11],"many":[12],"cities":[13,69],"around":[14],"the":[15,48,55,67,73,99,107,117,127,130,135,145,168,186,192,197,204,217,230],"world":[16],"are":[17,104,114,142,201,211],"promoting":[18],"eco-friendly":[20],"and":[21,41,46,84,116,139,144,180,194,208,215],"people-centered":[22],"walking":[23,57,231],"environment":[24,232],"as":[25],"a":[26,94,161],"top":[27],"priority":[28],"urban":[30],"planning.":[31],"The":[32,59],"purpose":[33],"of":[34,66,75,87,101,109,119,129,137,170,188,196,219],"this":[35],"study":[36,60,152,221],"is":[37,62,123,149,153,233],"to":[38,50,225],"visualize":[39],"physical":[40,110,121,140,209],"perceived":[42,76,102,138,171,207],"detail":[45],"analyze":[47],"differences":[49,205],"prepare":[51,226],"alternatives":[52,227],"for":[53,228],"improving":[54,229],"neighborhood\u2019s":[56],"environment.":[58],"area":[61],"Jeonju":[63],"City,":[64],"one":[65],"medium-sized":[68,181],"Korea.":[71],"For":[72,106],"evaluation":[74,108],"walkability,":[77,111],"196,624":[78],"street":[79,174,189],"view":[80,175,190],"images":[81],"were":[82,90],"crawled":[83],"127,317":[85],"pairs":[86],"training":[88],"datasets":[89],"constructed.":[91],"After":[92,133],"developing":[93],"convolutional":[95],"neural":[96],"network":[97],"model,":[98],"scores":[100,128,136],"predicted.":[105],"eight":[112,131],"indicators":[113],"selected,":[115],"score":[118],"overall":[120],"calculated":[124],"by":[125],"combining":[126],"indicators.":[132],"that,":[134],"visualized,":[143],"difference":[146],"between":[147,206],"them":[148],"analyzed.":[150],"This":[151],"novel":[154],"three":[156],"aspects.":[157],"First,":[158],"we":[159],"develop":[160],"deep":[162],"learning":[163],"model":[164],"that":[165],"can":[166,222],"improve":[167],"accuracy":[169],"using":[173],"images,":[176,191],"even":[177],"small":[179],"cities.":[182],"Second,":[183],"analyzing":[185],"characteristics":[187],"possibilities":[193],"limitations":[195],"semantic":[198],"segmentation":[199],"technique":[200],"confirmed.":[202],"Third,":[203],"analyzed":[212],"detail,":[214],"how":[216],"results":[218],"our":[220],"be":[223],"used":[224],"presented.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2023-05-04T00:00:00"}