{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297539071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504","title":"How Are Macro-Scale and Micro-Scale Built Environments Associated with Running Activity? The Application of Strava Data and Deep Learning in Inner London","display_name":"How Are Macro-Scale and Micro-Scale Built Environments Associated with Running Activity? The Application of Strava Data and Deep Learning in Inner London","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297539071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi11100504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/10/504/pdf?version=1664326793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/10/504/pdf?version=1664326793","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080670786","display_name":"Hongchao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5048-3221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongchao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061670632","display_name":"Lin Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-108X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080845905","display_name":"Bing Qiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bing Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080845905"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":17.184,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99346962,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"504","last_page":"504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.6976230144500732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5725880861282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-environment","display_name":"Built environment","score":0.47764766216278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openness-to-experience","display_name":"Openness to experience","score":0.45827460289001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4182383418083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.37254977226257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.35171088576316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.28768283128738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27793705463409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.18559321761131287}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.6976230144500732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5725880861282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.47764766216278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.45827460289001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4182383418083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.37254977226257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.35171088576316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.28768283128738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27793705463409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.18559321761131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi11100504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/10/504/pdf?version=1664326793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2ca5e745be16453c95909f1d7cb47f41","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2ca5e745be16453c95909f1d7cb47f41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 504 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/11/10/504/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 11; Issue 10; Pages: 504","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi11100504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/10/504/pdf?version=1664326793","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1007721318","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","funder_display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1094481618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31971721","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7342455266","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(PAPD)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","funder_display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297539071.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297539071.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W987751915","https://openalex.org/W1958782862","https://openalex.org/W1982280490","https://openalex.org/W1987233492","https://openalex.org/W2039447093","https://openalex.org/W2042183173","https://openalex.org/W2044089685","https://openalex.org/W2048744920","https://openalex.org/W2050156611","https://openalex.org/W2055800447","https://openalex.org/W2066643192","https://openalex.org/W2081773522","https://openalex.org/W2124876097","https://openalex.org/W2136775986","https://openalex.org/W2140284854","https://openalex.org/W2144512297","https://openalex.org/W2150161587","https://openalex.org/W2152354563","https://openalex.org/W2169813901","https://openalex.org/W2216903345","https://openalex.org/W2289382301","https://openalex.org/W2339252961","https://openalex.org/W2345408511","https://openalex.org/W2382259794","https://openalex.org/W2463322208","https://openalex.org/W2522940576","https://openalex.org/W2624059517","https://openalex.org/W2738268398","https://openalex.org/W2751293097","https://openalex.org/W2885069941","https://openalex.org/W2896188610","https://openalex.org/W2905245670","https://openalex.org/W2911591299","https://openalex.org/W2912893571","https://openalex.org/W2944794873","https://openalex.org/W2945183483","https://openalex.org/W2946374225","https://openalex.org/W2963998154","https://openalex.org/W2964327206","https://openalex.org/W3014158919","https://openalex.org/W3088975065","https://openalex.org/W3092250696","https://openalex.org/W3093292596","https://openalex.org/W3116667049","https://openalex.org/W3124714310","https://openalex.org/W3144269508","https://openalex.org/W3148541183","https://openalex.org/W3160915774","https://openalex.org/W3168809040","https://openalex.org/W3175724752","https://openalex.org/W3184563394","https://openalex.org/W3196980659","https://openalex.org/W3202786944","https://openalex.org/W3203827467","https://openalex.org/W3208687067","https://openalex.org/W4206673664","https://openalex.org/W4207062688","https://openalex.org/W4213106676","https://openalex.org/W4213391049","https://openalex.org/W4224984016","https://openalex.org/W4225134153","https://openalex.org/W4280552281","https://openalex.org/W4288948855","https://openalex.org/W4300451229","https://openalex.org/W6671061312","https://openalex.org/W6757838365","https://openalex.org/W6758824206","https://openalex.org/W6793303156","https://openalex.org/W6960241534"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007906249","https://openalex.org/W2908605513","https://openalex.org/W3198929874","https://openalex.org/W2394242862","https://openalex.org/W2360338400","https://openalex.org/W2361665985","https://openalex.org/W2391461404","https://openalex.org/W2377875154","https://openalex.org/W2352558001","https://openalex.org/W3215964838"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Running":[0],"can":[1,233],"promote":[2,143],"public":[3],"health.":[4],"However,":[5],"the":[6,11,28,57,72,77,95,217,223],"association":[7],"between":[8,219],"running":[9,37,80,107,228],"and":[10,49,60,64,115,119,128,139,159,168,191,195,199,205,225,227],"built":[12,31,220],"environment,":[13],"especially":[14],"in":[15,38,229],"terms":[16],"of":[17,30,82,171],"micro":[18],"street-level":[19],"factors,":[20],"has":[21],"rarely":[22],"been":[23],"studied.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26],"explored":[27],"influence":[29],"environments":[32,221],"at":[33],"different":[34],"scales":[35],"on":[36,111],"Inner":[39,230],"London.":[40],"The":[41,88,99,214],"5Ds":[42],"framework":[43],"(density,":[44],"diversity,":[45],"design,":[46],"destination":[47],"accessibility,":[48],"distance":[50],"to":[51,55,70,154,193],"transit)":[52],"was":[53],"used":[54,69],"classify":[56],"macro-scale":[58,104],"features,":[59],"computer":[61],"vision":[62],"(CV)":[63],"deep":[65],"learning":[66],"(DL)":[67],"were":[68],"measure":[71],"micro-scale":[73,178],"features.":[74],"We":[75],"extracted":[76],"accumulated":[78],"GPS":[79],"data":[81],"40,290":[83],"sample":[84],"points":[85,210],"from":[86],"Strava.":[87],"spatial":[89,96,156],"autoregressive":[90],"combined":[91],"(SAC)":[92],"model":[93],"revealed":[94,216],"autocorrelation":[97],"effect.":[98],"result":[100],"showed":[101],"that,":[102],"for":[103,237],"features:":[105,179],"(1)":[106,180],"occurs":[108],"more":[109,185,201],"frequently":[110],"trunk,":[112],"primary,":[113],"secondary,":[114],"tertiary":[116],"roads,":[117],"cycleways,":[118],"footways,":[120],"but":[121],"runners":[122,152],"choose":[123],"tracks,":[124],"paths,":[125],"pedestrian":[126],"streets,":[127],"service":[129],"streets":[130,146],"relatively":[131],"less;":[132],"(2)":[133,200],"safety,":[134],"larger":[135],"open":[136],"space":[137],"areas,":[138],"longer":[140],"street":[141],"lengths":[142],"running;":[144,198],"(3)":[145],"with":[147,207],"higher":[148,161,188],"accessibility":[149],"might":[150,174,211],"attract":[151],"(according":[153],"a":[155],"syntactic":[157],"analysis);":[158],"(4)":[160],"job":[162],"density,":[163,167],"POI":[164],"entropy,":[165],"canopy":[166],"high":[169],"levels":[170],"PM":[172],"2.5":[173],"impede":[175],"running.":[176,213],"For":[177],"wider":[181],"roads":[182],"(especially":[183],"sidewalks),":[184],"streetlights,":[186],"trees,":[187],"sky":[189],"openness,":[190],"proximity":[192],"mountains":[194],"water":[196],"facilitate":[197],"architectural":[202],"interfaces,":[203],"fences,":[204],"plants":[206],"low":[208],"branching":[209],"hinder":[212],"results":[215],"linkages":[218],"(on":[222],"macro-":[224],"micro-scale)":[226],"London,":[231],"which":[232],"provide":[234],"practical":[235],"suggestions":[236],"creating":[238],"running-friendly":[239],"cities.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2022-09-29T00:00:00"}
