{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283801184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070371","title":"Novel MLR-RF-Based Geospatial Techniques: A Comparison with OK","display_name":"Novel MLR-RF-Based Geospatial Techniques: A Comparison with OK","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283801184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi11070371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070371","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/7/371/pdf?version=1657190352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/7/371/pdf?version=1657190352","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034145330","display_name":"Waqas Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-7668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waqas Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060279115","display_name":"Khan Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0005-8945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Khan Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mining Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0005-8945","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mining Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042683000","display_name":"Hylke J. Glass","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hylke Jan Glass","raw_affiliation_strings":["Minerals Engineering Research Group, Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2015-2461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minerals Engineering Research Group, Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069004224","display_name":"Snehamoy Chatterjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-1824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Snehamoy Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-1824","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068554530","display_name":"Asif Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1475-1791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134276161","display_name":"Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4mbk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134276161"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767994","display_name":"Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05pgqgb54","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767994"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mineral Resource Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Haripur 22621, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mineral Resource Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Haripur 22621, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134276161","https://openalex.org/I4391767994"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064102642","display_name":"Abid Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-5537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abid Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Information Processing Lab, National Centre of Artificial Intelligence, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060279115"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.4328,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55546609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":"371","last_page":"371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variogram","display_name":"Variogram","score":0.7355718612670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.625123918056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6084863543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.5572578310966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinary-least-squares","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","score":0.534197986125946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.5237600803375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4931945204734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-regression","display_name":"Linear regression","score":0.45516669750213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.42610517144203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41914403438568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.41330093145370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4120243191719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38904207944869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37277722358703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.16890594363212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1394137740135193}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154881674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2269270","display_name":"Variogram","level":3,"score":0.7355718612670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.625123918056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6084863543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5572578310966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99656134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912993","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","level":2,"score":0.534197986125946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5237600803375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4931945204734802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.45516669750213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.42610517144203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41914403438568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.41330093145370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4120243191719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38904207944869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37277722358703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.16890594363212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1394137740135193}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi11070371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070371","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/7/371/pdf?version=1657190352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p-35512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/16212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3194a31448d34eadbd81fc430197e888","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3194a31448d34eadbd81fc430197e888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 371 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/11/7/371/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 11; Issue 7; Pages: 371","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi11070371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070371","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/7/371/pdf?version=1657190352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6224870939","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/M011372/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7300839558","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/M011372/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322799","display_name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","ror":"https://ror.org/038y3sz68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283801184.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283801184.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":96,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76164610","https://openalex.org/W191604848","https://openalex.org/W285676759","https://openalex.org/W591422225","https://openalex.org/W784579088","https://openalex.org/W1969044629","https://openalex.org/W1969264770","https://openalex.org/W1969505222","https://openalex.org/W1978053173","https://openalex.org/W1978682813","https://openalex.org/W1980066536","https://openalex.org/W1982623886","https://openalex.org/W1984338772","https://openalex.org/W1991426997","https://openalex.org/W1998512375","https://openalex.org/W2013516207","https://openalex.org/W2017182993","https://openalex.org/W2017661312","https://openalex.org/W2024141630","https://openalex.org/W2024697317","https://openalex.org/W2031105664","https://openalex.org/W2040075731","https://openalex.org/W2042179281","https://openalex.org/W2042315239","https://openalex.org/W2043105755","https://openalex.org/W2044855815","https://openalex.org/W2045756671","https://openalex.org/W2045764734","https://openalex.org/W2047754468","https://openalex.org/W2057419680","https://openalex.org/W2057814197","https://openalex.org/W2058147240","https://openalex.org/W2063105147","https://openalex.org/W2081487307","https://openalex.org/W2081489962","https://openalex.org/W2084333622","https://openalex.org/W2088730795","https://openalex.org/W2091259694","https://openalex.org/W2101478587","https://openalex.org/W2131559875","https://openalex.org/W2140636924","https://openalex.org/W2170521879","https://openalex.org/W2171642129","https://openalex.org/W2177447332","https://openalex.org/W2286250368","https://openalex.org/W2323499043","https://openalex.org/W2405720079","https://openalex.org/W2418698374","https://openalex.org/W2480702421","https://openalex.org/W2499591395","https://openalex.org/W2514173981","https://openalex.org/W2551944316","https://openalex.org/W2579195240","https://openalex.org/W2587932242","https://openalex.org/W2599603244","https://openalex.org/W2604304196","https://openalex.org/W2606642786","https://openalex.org/W2741410227","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2793997912","https://openalex.org/W2901558147","https://openalex.org/W2904031581","https://openalex.org/W2911424673","https://openalex.org/W2911920745","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2927539500","https://openalex.org/W2939945347","https://openalex.org/W2942877762","https://openalex.org/W2944184477","https://openalex.org/W2950119002","https://openalex.org/W2984639456","https://openalex.org/W2996431882","https://openalex.org/W2996758938","https://openalex.org/W3012882745","https://openalex.org/W3017174137","https://openalex.org/W3022298391","https://openalex.org/W3027312415","https://openalex.org/W3047291698","https://openalex.org/W3083038579","https://openalex.org/W3092458548","https://openalex.org/W3107871149","https://openalex.org/W3110789926","https://openalex.org/W3195879356","https://openalex.org/W3196117711","https://openalex.org/W4200280611","https://openalex.org/W4205909795","https://openalex.org/W4211244973","https://openalex.org/W4224995321","https://openalex.org/W4247422722","https://openalex.org/W4256330813","https://openalex.org/W4297036116","https://openalex.org/W4298839266","https://openalex.org/W4388322712","https://openalex.org/W6661635570","https://openalex.org/W6786849052","https://openalex.org/W6986538599"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008528586","https://openalex.org/W2895220729","https://openalex.org/W2063246330","https://openalex.org/W2385459204","https://openalex.org/W2944090730","https://openalex.org/W2238232192","https://openalex.org/W2339058228","https://openalex.org/W2130373311","https://openalex.org/W1025896634","https://openalex.org/W2080791248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Geostatistical":[0],"estimation":[1,51],"methods":[2],"rely":[3],"on":[4],"experimental":[5],"variograms":[6],"that":[7],"are":[8,29],"mostly":[9],"erratic,":[10],"leading":[11],"to":[12,57,91,125],"subjective":[13],"model":[14],"fitting":[15],"and":[16,42,52,67,79,133,160],"assuming":[17],"normal":[18],"distribution":[19],"during":[20],"conditional":[21],"simulations.":[22],"In":[23],"contrast,":[24],"Machine":[25],"Learning":[26],"Algorithms":[27],"(MLA)":[28],"(1)":[30],"free":[31],"of":[32,63,107,119,145],"such":[33],"limitations,":[34],"(2)":[35],"can":[36],"incorporate":[37],"information":[38],"from":[39,130,141],"multiple":[40],"sources":[41],"therefore":[43],"emerge":[44],"with":[45,83,116],"increasing":[46],"interest":[47],"in":[48,149],"real-time":[49],"resource":[50],"automation.":[53],"However,":[54],"MLAs":[55],"need":[56],"be":[58],"explored":[59],"for":[60],"robust":[61],"learning":[62],"phenomena,":[64],"better":[65],"accuracy,":[66],"computational":[68,163],"efficiency.":[69,164],"This":[70],"paper":[71],"compares":[72],"MLAs,":[73],"i.e.,":[74],"Multiple":[75],"Linear":[76],"Regression":[77],"(MLR)":[78],"Random":[80],"Forest":[81],"(RF),":[82],"Ordinary":[84],"Kriging":[85],"(OK).":[86],"The":[87,105],"techniques":[88],"were":[89,109],"applied":[90],"the":[92,98,131],"publicly":[93],"available":[94],"Walkerlake":[95],"dataset,":[96],"while":[97],"exhaustive":[99],"Walker":[100],"Lake":[101],"dataset":[102],"was":[103,138],"validated.":[104],"results":[106],"MLR":[108,137],"significant":[110],"(p":[111],"<":[112],"10":[113],"\u00d7":[114],"10\u22125),":[115],"correlation":[117],"coefficients":[118],"0.81":[120],"(R-square":[121,127],"=":[122,128],"0.65)":[123],"compared":[124],"0.79":[126],"0.62)":[129],"RF":[132],"OK":[134],"methods.":[135],"Additionally,":[136],"automated":[139],"(free":[140],"an":[142],"intermediary":[143],"step":[144],"variogram":[146],"modelling":[147],"as":[148],"OK),":[150],"produced":[151],"unbiased":[152],"estimates,":[153],"identified":[154],"key":[155],"samples":[156],"representing":[157],"different":[158],"zones,":[159],"had":[161],"higher":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2022-07-05T00:00:00"}