{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206556736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100685","title":"The Evolution of Interactivity, Immersion and Interoperability in HBIM: Digital Model Uses, VR and AR for Built Cultural Heritage","display_name":"The Evolution of Interactivity, Immersion and Interoperability in HBIM: Digital Model Uses, VR and AR for Built Cultural Heritage","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206556736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100685","mag":"3206556736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10100685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100685","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/10/685/pdf?version=1634895998","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/10/685/pdf?version=1634895998","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049184075","display_name":"Fabrizio Banfi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-0043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Banfi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (ABC) Department, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-0043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (ABC) Department, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049184075"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":24.1808,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99677611,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"685","last_page":"685"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactivity","display_name":"Interactivity","score":0.7719407081604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7571403980255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-information-modeling","display_name":"Building information modeling","score":0.7334572672843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"Cultural heritage","score":0.6263766288757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5690171718597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","score":0.5314857959747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4732701778411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-model","display_name":"Information model","score":0.45579490065574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45384377241134644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4157960116863251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.40128037333488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30982357263565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.29151296615600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.20548394322395325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.11553153395652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0784091055393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.07805269956588745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144430266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839721","display_name":"Interactivity","level":2,"score":0.7719407081604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7571403980255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66862320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842017","display_name":"Building information modeling","level":3,"score":0.7334572672843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.6263766288757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5690171718597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5314857959747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4732701778411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21338462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662581","display_name":"Information model","level":2,"score":0.45579490065574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45384377241134644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4157960116863251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.40128037333488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30982357263565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.29151296615600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.20548394322395325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.11553153395652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0784091055393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.07805269956588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10100685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100685","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/10/685/pdf?version=1634895998","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f769369d3d474337a4e885ee66755911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f769369d3d474337a4e885ee66755911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 10, Iss 10, p 685 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/10/10/685/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 10; Issue 10; Pages: 685","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1190933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1190933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10100685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100685","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/10/685/pdf?version=1634895998","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3206556736.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3206556736.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19348763","https://openalex.org/W868727935","https://openalex.org/W962807562","https://openalex.org/W1565892968","https://openalex.org/W1595721184","https://openalex.org/W1964868373","https://openalex.org/W1968200193","https://openalex.org/W1970302586","https://openalex.org/W1970457529","https://openalex.org/W1973476966","https://openalex.org/W1976562506","https://openalex.org/W1977723684","https://openalex.org/W1981475350","https://openalex.org/W1982192774","https://openalex.org/W1988455886","https://openalex.org/W1998284588","https://openalex.org/W2002089972","https://openalex.org/W2012962798","https://openalex.org/W2018820324","https://openalex.org/W2027586534","https://openalex.org/W2052531283","https://openalex.org/W2053331055","https://openalex.org/W2094631119","https://openalex.org/W2109048094","https://openalex.org/W2114141760","https://openalex.org/W2114734902","https://openalex.org/W2121434806","https://openalex.org/W2133383920","https://openalex.org/W2160377298","https://openalex.org/W2165765798","https://openalex.org/W2167715012","https://openalex.org/W2265999711","https://openalex.org/W2389310269","https://openalex.org/W2414514403","https://openalex.org/W2415201140","https://openalex.org/W2432331990","https://openalex.org/W2443631254","https://openalex.org/W2465047515","https://openalex.org/W2488853479","https://openalex.org/W2516497845","https://openalex.org/W2522301681","https://openalex.org/W2549299391","https://openalex.org/W2562435051","https://openalex.org/W2565759330","https://openalex.org/W2609255920","https://openalex.org/W2614307853","https://openalex.org/W2620702674","https://openalex.org/W2749702122","https://openalex.org/W2790824500","https://openalex.org/W2791957901","https://openalex.org/W2799284763","https://openalex.org/W2805300152","https://openalex.org/W2883411541","https://openalex.org/W2901878489","https://openalex.org/W2914260781","https://openalex.org/W2944177736","https://openalex.org/W2963961866","https://openalex.org/W2965084873","https://openalex.org/W2970524072","https://openalex.org/W2970671956","https://openalex.org/W2997621034","https://openalex.org/W2998089948","https://openalex.org/W3001607331","https://openalex.org/W3005942844","https://openalex.org/W3009048157","https://openalex.org/W3011922087","https://openalex.org/W3015109695","https://openalex.org/W3037555654","https://openalex.org/W3042700040","https://openalex.org/W3044173530","https://openalex.org/W3049685203","https://openalex.org/W3049707202","https://openalex.org/W3094591653","https://openalex.org/W3109754420","https://openalex.org/W3111069057","https://openalex.org/W3113039067","https://openalex.org/W3126423817","https://openalex.org/W3131071602","https://openalex.org/W3134450515","https://openalex.org/W3134954516","https://openalex.org/W3135126742","https://openalex.org/W3144935785","https://openalex.org/W3161649798","https://openalex.org/W3167384478","https://openalex.org/W3169202390","https://openalex.org/W3181189360","https://openalex.org/W3183723567","https://openalex.org/W3200559295","https://openalex.org/W4206434639","https://openalex.org/W4230467470","https://openalex.org/W6600795403","https://openalex.org/W6625236872","https://openalex.org/W6679811448","https://openalex.org/W6762619074","https://openalex.org/W6774437322","https://openalex.org/W6786190031","https://openalex.org/W6792636839","https://openalex.org/W7038303598"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066308633","https://openalex.org/W2075956514","https://openalex.org/W2969274546","https://openalex.org/W2343576784","https://openalex.org/W2132976026","https://openalex.org/W2307011503","https://openalex.org/W2985529868","https://openalex.org/W4210798217","https://openalex.org/W4367678427","https://openalex.org/W4383818408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today,":[0],"a":[1,6,9,23,147,160,169],"building":[2,44,103],"is":[3],"not":[4,27],"just":[5],"\u201cbody\u201d":[7],"or":[8],"\u201cmachine\u201d":[10],"as":[11],"defined":[12],"by":[13],"modern":[14],"architecture,":[15],"but":[16,31],"rather":[17],"an":[18],"immaterial":[19],"entity":[20],"immersed":[21],"in":[22,71,113,124],"digital":[24,148],"world":[25],"where":[26],"only":[28],"its":[29],"components":[30],"also":[32],"the":[33,72,144,151,176],"information":[34,45,104,179],"associated":[35],"with":[36,68],"it":[37,50],"are":[38],"accounted":[39],"for.":[40],"In":[41],"recent":[42],"decades,":[43],"modelling":[46,105],"(BIM)":[47],"has":[48,83],"made":[49],"possible":[51,86],"to":[52,58,87,94,126,165,168],"move":[53],"from":[54],"2D":[55],"CAD":[56],"drawings":[57],"3D":[59],"models":[60,174],"capable":[61],"of":[62,98,133,146,153,172],"supporting":[63],"different":[64,69],"processes":[65],"and":[66,78,100,119,121,135,139,150,155,175,178],"interacting":[67],"disciplines":[70],"AEC":[73],"industry":[74],"for":[75],"storing,":[76],"documenting":[77],"sharing":[79],"heterogeneous":[80],"content.":[81],"It":[82],"thus":[84],"become":[85],"direct":[88],"these":[89],"techniques":[90],"towards":[91,130],"built":[92],"heritage":[93,102],"investigate":[95],"new":[96],"forms":[97,132],"communication":[99],"share":[101],"(HBIM)":[106],"models.":[107,140],"This":[108],"research":[109],"investigates":[110],"this":[111],"evolution":[112],"both":[114],"generative":[115],"terms":[116,123],"(scan-to-BIM":[117],"process)":[118],"cultural":[120],"historical":[122],"order":[125],"orient":[127],"BIM":[128],"uses":[129],"novel":[131],"interactivity":[134],"immersion":[136],"between":[137],"users":[138],"The":[141],"author":[142],"proposes":[143],"use":[145],"process":[149],"development":[152],"VR":[154],"AR":[156],"environments":[157],"based":[158],"on":[159],"visual":[161],"programming":[162],"language":[163],"(VPL)":[164],"improve":[166],"access":[167],"deeper":[170],"knowledge":[171],"HBIM":[173],"artefacts":[177],"contained":[180],"therein.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}