{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3182190351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070453","title":"A Circuity Temporal Analysis of Urban Street Networks Using Open Data: A Lisbon Case Study","display_name":"A Circuity Temporal Analysis of Urban Street Networks Using Open Data: A Lisbon Case Study","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3182190351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070453","mag":"3182190351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10070453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070453","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/7/453/pdf?version=1625124937","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/7/453/pdf?version=1625124937","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065751284","display_name":"Miguel Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-7002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERIS\u2014Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-7002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERIS\u2014Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024663868","display_name":"Manuel Marques","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0532-1869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Marques","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0532-1869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073874991","display_name":"Filipe Moura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-8490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Filipe Moura","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERIS\u2014Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-8490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERIS\u2014Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073874991"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.3301,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88449874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"7","first_page":"453","last_page":"453"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attractiveness","display_name":"Attractiveness","score":0.6492442488670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/street-network","display_name":"Street network","score":0.6425213813781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.5881602764129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.476682186126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.465749591588974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.4648173451423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-network","display_name":"Transport network","score":0.44780951738357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"Public transport","score":0.4250481426715851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.32483726739883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.17598319053649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16157716512680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.09775766730308533}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31173074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632514","display_name":"Attractiveness","level":2,"score":0.6492442488670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778625738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358078","display_name":"Street network","level":2,"score":0.6425213813781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.5881602764129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.476682186126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.465749591588974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.4648173451423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778711553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924286","display_name":"Transport network","level":2,"score":0.44780951738357544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.4250481426715851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.32483726739883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.17598319053649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16157716512680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.09775766730308533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10070453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070453","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/7/453/pdf?version=1625124937","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ee00ccad1c5844028c96d12547e43f43","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ee00ccad1c5844028c96d12547e43f43","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 10, Iss 7, p 453 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/10/7/453/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 10; Issue 7; Pages: 453","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10070453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070453","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/7/453/pdf?version=1625124937","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3663357362","display_name":"Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems","funder_award_id":"UIDB/50009/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4964156841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"50009/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6643962068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LARSyS - FCT Project UIDB/50009/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6713538927","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PD/BD/142948/2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G787757375","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"50009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182190351.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3182190351.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W594272430","https://openalex.org/W1980343616","https://openalex.org/W2022106248","https://openalex.org/W2037158084","https://openalex.org/W2042914057","https://openalex.org/W2056465001","https://openalex.org/W2067679320","https://openalex.org/W2069933785","https://openalex.org/W2076632875","https://openalex.org/W2085292900","https://openalex.org/W2173375178","https://openalex.org/W2181245025","https://openalex.org/W2187363439","https://openalex.org/W2556078172","https://openalex.org/W2596121282","https://openalex.org/W2744637967","https://openalex.org/W2783711411","https://openalex.org/W2885593706","https://openalex.org/W2901911613","https://openalex.org/W2949413046","https://openalex.org/W2981263102","https://openalex.org/W2994864952","https://openalex.org/W3005713194","https://openalex.org/W3011096723","https://openalex.org/W3038558636","https://openalex.org/W3121720098","https://openalex.org/W3124714310","https://openalex.org/W4255739112","https://openalex.org/W6631550177","https://openalex.org/W6735121558"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3116162647","https://openalex.org/W2589053308","https://openalex.org/W2095482487","https://openalex.org/W614569771","https://openalex.org/W3016845019","https://openalex.org/W3087283334","https://openalex.org/W3208640080","https://openalex.org/W2331574842","https://openalex.org/W1561138306","https://openalex.org/W3155066660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"street":[1,123,171],"networks":[2,56],"impact":[3],"urban":[4,27,65,122],"space":[5],"usage":[6],"and":[7,30,54,62,127,169,190],"movement":[8],"across":[9],"a":[10,23],"city.":[11],"Circuity,":[12],"the":[13,37,84,99,162,177,185,195,200],"ratio":[14],"of":[15,39,43,187,202],"network":[16,28,115],"distances":[17],"to":[18,57,80,90,97,111,133,139,175,183],"straight-line":[19],"distances,":[20],"is":[21,109,165],"considered":[22],"critical":[24],"measurement":[25],"in":[26,41,145,151,173],"morphology":[29],"transportation":[31],"efficiency":[32],"as":[33,136],"it":[34,108],"can":[35],"measure":[36],"attractiveness":[38,138,186],"routes":[40,94],"terms":[42],"distance":[44],"traveled.":[45],"Here,":[46],"we":[47,88,198],"compare":[48],"circuity":[49,70,82,102,147,163],"measures":[50],"for":[51,83,180,208],"drivable,":[52],"cyclable,":[53],"walkable":[55],"analyze":[58,112],"how":[59],"they":[60],"evolved":[61],"understand":[63],"whether":[64],"changes":[66,144],"have":[67],"produced":[68],"meaningful":[69],"changes.":[71],"Our":[72,104,158],"analyses":[73],"rely":[74],"on":[75,204],"Lisbon":[76],"data":[77],"from":[78,131],"OpenStreetMaps":[79],"explore":[81],"period":[85],"2013\u20132020,":[86],"which":[87],"used":[89],"simulate":[91],"4.8":[92],"million":[93],"using":[95],"OpenRouteService":[96],"compute":[98],"different":[100],"modes\u2019":[101,146],"measures.":[103],"findings":[105],"suggest":[106],"that":[107,161],"crucial":[110],"each":[113],"transport":[114],"type":[116],"separately":[117],"when":[118,167],"planning":[119,168],"or":[120],"modeling":[121,170],"networks.":[124],"Their":[125],"composition":[126],"design":[128],"differ":[129],"significantly":[130],"mode":[132],"mode,":[134],"such":[135],"their":[137],"users.":[140],"We":[141],"identify":[142],"significant":[143],"over":[148],"time,":[149,197],"especially":[150],"cycling,":[152],"following":[153],"Lisbon\u2019s":[154],"cycling":[155],"infrastructure":[156],"expansion.":[157],"paper":[159],"demonstrates":[160],"indicator":[164],"useful":[166],"networks,":[172],"particular,":[174],"optimize":[176],"location":[178],"choice":[179],"interventions":[181],"required":[182,207],"increase":[184],"active":[188],"modes":[189],"promote":[191],"sustainable":[192],"mobility.":[193],"At":[194],"same":[196],"emphasize":[199],"lack":[201],"information":[203],"walking":[205],"infrastructures":[206],"more":[209],"detailed":[210],"analyses.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2021-07-19T00:00:00"}