{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127905121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020064","title":"Big Data Supported the Identification of Urban Land Efficiency in Eurasia by Indicator SDG 11.3.1","display_name":"Big Data Supported the Identification of Urban Land Efficiency in Eurasia by Indicator SDG 11.3.1","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127905121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020064","mag":"3127905121"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10020064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/64/pdf?version=1612261235","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/64/pdf?version=1612261235","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101525878","display_name":"Chaopeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62853816","display_name":"Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj0p855","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaopeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032565205","display_name":"Guoyin Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-0192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62853816","display_name":"Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj0p855","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guoyin Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110136256","display_name":"Mingyi Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62853816","display_name":"Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj0p855","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyi Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032565205"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.4942,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88662257,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"64","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.7624473571777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.6518316268920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-development","display_name":"Sustainable development","score":0.5269240736961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4990980625152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.4893788695335388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.4520324766635895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-growth","display_name":"Population growth","score":0.4395091235637665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.42773282527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-geography","display_name":"Economic geography","score":0.38852378726005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.19581761956214905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.17930901050567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.13991716504096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.12008264660835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.06421056389808655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.7624473571777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6518316268920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.5269240736961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4990980625152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.4893788695335388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.4520324766635895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77352025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386191","display_name":"Population growth","level":3,"score":0.4395091235637665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.42773282527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.38852378726005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.19581761956214905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17930901050567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.13991716504096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12008264660835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06421056389808655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10020064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/64/pdf?version=1612261235","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3390dc3c0d2a44c9b515e1253813bd16","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3390dc3c0d2a44c9b515e1253813bd16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 10, Iss 2, p 64 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/10/2/64/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 10; Issue 2; Pages: 64","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10020064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020064","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/64/pdf?version=1612261235","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127905121.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W357557983","https://openalex.org/W2010185528","https://openalex.org/W2128970077","https://openalex.org/W2173409559","https://openalex.org/W2294678160","https://openalex.org/W2568965395","https://openalex.org/W2570499905","https://openalex.org/W2570898909","https://openalex.org/W2624675266","https://openalex.org/W2625598969","https://openalex.org/W2800645394","https://openalex.org/W2802154775","https://openalex.org/W2809908287","https://openalex.org/W2895460600","https://openalex.org/W2896259799","https://openalex.org/W2935551676","https://openalex.org/W2965582204","https://openalex.org/W3001596308","https://openalex.org/W3001677969","https://openalex.org/W3005093060","https://openalex.org/W3013489460","https://openalex.org/W3014529756","https://openalex.org/W3026452615","https://openalex.org/W3033545933","https://openalex.org/W3045900364","https://openalex.org/W3081928833","https://openalex.org/W3082772927","https://openalex.org/W3087033421","https://openalex.org/W3087138558","https://openalex.org/W4236836618","https://openalex.org/W6773334207"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058118494","https://openalex.org/W2392768766","https://openalex.org/W2392907783","https://openalex.org/W1985072978","https://openalex.org/W891751532","https://openalex.org/W2375489112","https://openalex.org/W2382021449","https://openalex.org/W2095118173","https://openalex.org/W2370838374","https://openalex.org/W1898428141"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Indicator":[0],"11.3.1":[1,124],"of":[2,22,86,99,128,150],"the":[3,20,23,29,39,62,76,89,96,108,113,119,146,161,178],"UN":[4,66,181],"Sustainable":[5],"Development":[6],"Goals":[7],"(SDG":[8],"11.3.1)":[9],"was":[10,17],"designed":[11],"to":[12,28,61,145,160],"test":[13],"land-use":[14,148],"efficiency,":[15],"which":[16],"defined":[18],"as":[19],"ratio":[21],"land":[24,105,166],"consumption":[25],"rate":[26,32],"(LCR)":[27],"population":[30,169],"growth":[31,170],"(PGR),":[33],"namely,":[34],"LCRPGR.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"calculates":[38],"PGRs,":[40],"LCRs,":[41],"and":[42,49,73,79,92,152,168,174],"LCRPGRs":[43],"for":[44,138,185,194],"333":[45],"cities":[46,51,129,189,195],"from":[47,52,122,180],"1990\u20132000":[48],"391":[50],"2000\u20132015":[53],"in":[54,58,116,130,171,199],"four":[55],"geographical":[56],"divisions":[57],"Eurasia":[59],"according":[60],"method":[63,179],"given":[64],"by":[65,125],"metadata.":[67],"The":[68],"results":[69],"indicate":[70],"that":[71,82],"Europe":[72],"Japan":[74],"have":[75,95,134],"lowest":[77,97],"PGR":[78],"LCR,":[80],"indicating":[81,101],"this":[83],"region\u2019s":[84],"level":[85],"urbanization":[87],"is":[88,191],"highest.":[90],"South":[91],"Central":[93],"Asia":[94],"values":[98,121],"LCRPGR,":[100],"relatively":[102],"lower":[103],"urban":[104,139,147,165,187,200],"supply":[106,167],"during":[107],"measurement":[109],"periods.":[110],"Compared":[111],"with":[112,196],"mean":[114],"LCRPGR":[115],"a":[117,131],"region,":[118],"average":[120],"SDG":[123],"different":[126],"types":[127],"region":[132],"can":[133],"more":[135,155],"guiding":[136],"significance":[137],"sustainable":[140],"development.":[141],"While":[142],"paying":[143],"attention":[144,156],"efficiency":[149],"mega":[151],"extra-large":[153],"cities,":[154],"should":[157],"be":[158],"paid":[159],"coordination":[162],"relationship":[163],"between":[164],"large,":[172],"medium,":[173],"small":[175,197],"cities.":[176],"Additionally,":[177],"metadata":[182],"works":[183],"well":[184],"most":[186],"expansion":[188],"but":[190],"not":[192],"suitable":[193],"changes":[198],"populations.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
