{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3122800596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020055","title":"Versioning of 3D City Models for Municipality Applications: Needs, Obstacles and Recommendations","display_name":"Versioning of 3D City Models for Municipality Applications: Needs, Obstacles and Recommendations","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3122800596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020055","mag":"3122800596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10020055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/55/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/55/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066873233","display_name":"Helen Eriksson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6482-3397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096968","display_name":"Lantm\u00e4teriet","ror":"https://ror.org/00skbbq95","country_code":"SE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096968"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Helen Eriksson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden","Lantm\u00e4teriet, \u00d6sterleden 15, SE-981 38 Kiruna, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lantm\u00e4teriet, \u00d6sterleden 15, SE-981 38 Kiruna, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096968"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043913530","display_name":"Lars Harrie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-1495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Harrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-1495","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066873233"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555","https://openalex.org/I4210096968"],"apc_list":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1893},"apc_paid":{"value":830,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":895},"fwci":1.4573,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.781133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"55","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13067","display_name":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-versioning","display_name":"Software versioning","score":0.8360108733177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-city-models","display_name":"3D city models","score":0.6340345144271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6254539489746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restructuring","display_name":"Restructuring","score":0.4844401180744171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.44722995162010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.41400226950645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.3771899938583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.3511463701725006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3362414240837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.21560853719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.17747053503990173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1590667963027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.123178631067276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198140048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859422","display_name":"Software versioning","level":3,"score":0.8360108733177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172169","display_name":"3D city models","level":3,"score":0.6340345144271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6254539489746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45237549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376796","display_name":"Restructuring","level":2,"score":0.4844401180744171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.44722995162010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.41400226950645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3771899938583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.3511463701725006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3362414240837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.21560853719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.17747053503990173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1590667963027954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.123178631067276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10020055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/55/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a9e8b93822564c0786b029709115ecc3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a9e8b93822564c0786b029709115ecc3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Vol 10, Iss 2, p 55 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:6f973f91-e7d1-47ac-9e9b-905ad54cae28","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/6f973f91-e7d1-47ac-9e9b-905ad54cae28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2220-9964","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2220-9964/10/2/55/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 10; Issue 2; Pages: 55","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijgi10020055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/10/2/55/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764431341","display_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","issn_l":"2220-9964","issn":["2220-9964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321033","display_name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","ror":"https://ror.org/03pjs1y45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321806","display_name":"Lunds Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322711","display_name":"Energimyndigheten","ror":"https://ror.org/0359z7n90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3122800596.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3122800596.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568228339","https://openalex.org/W876143896","https://openalex.org/W1793296331","https://openalex.org/W1969989220","https://openalex.org/W2091135604","https://openalex.org/W2114119364","https://openalex.org/W2215173806","https://openalex.org/W2405766408","https://openalex.org/W2468389637","https://openalex.org/W2534494896","https://openalex.org/W2589813471","https://openalex.org/W2606429377","https://openalex.org/W2740581576","https://openalex.org/W2760074344","https://openalex.org/W2782187236","https://openalex.org/W2789478340","https://openalex.org/W2794529058","https://openalex.org/W2806377715","https://openalex.org/W2886998832","https://openalex.org/W2917763923","https://openalex.org/W2955363706","https://openalex.org/W2976125152","https://openalex.org/W2977268526","https://openalex.org/W2987906475","https://openalex.org/W3007908608","https://openalex.org/W3043869168","https://openalex.org/W3047291436","https://openalex.org/W3048245346","https://openalex.org/W3083434750","https://openalex.org/W3102285533","https://openalex.org/W4238294888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376397586","https://openalex.org/W2377702023","https://openalex.org/W2376263261","https://openalex.org/W2339564564","https://openalex.org/W1506264906","https://openalex.org/W3127177933","https://openalex.org/W2376259828","https://openalex.org/W3122800596","https://openalex.org/W1986487633","https://openalex.org/W2976125152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,112],"use":[1,12,244],"of":[2,29,42,51,78,92,102,108,146,153,219,224],"3D":[3,18,52,93,187,232,250],"city":[4,31,53,94,126,167,188,233,262],"models":[5,35,54,189,234],"is":[6,110,195,227],"changing":[7],"from":[8,260],"visualization":[9],"to":[10,24,48,58,165,197,230,237],"complex":[11,243],"cases":[13],"where":[14],"they":[15],"act":[16],"as":[17,192,212],"base":[19],"maps.":[20],"This":[21,44,240],"requires":[22,144,158],"links":[23],"registers":[25,86],"and":[26,55,73,105,128,149,170,249,252],"continuous":[27],"updating":[28],"the":[30,66,71,89,140,154,166,173,202,213,217,225,261],"models.":[32,95],"Still,":[33],"most":[34],"never":[36],"change":[37],"or":[38],"are":[39,190],"recreated":[40],"instead":[41],"updated.":[43],"study":[45,98,113,226],"identifies":[46],"obstacles":[47],"version":[49,90],"management":[50,91],"proposes":[56],"recommendations":[57],"overcome":[59],"them,":[60],"with":[61,216],"a":[62,106,136,228],"main":[63],"focus":[64],"on":[65,100],"municipality":[67],"perspective,":[68],"foremost":[69],"in":[70,186,200],"planning":[72],"building":[74,85,124,156,238,247],"processes.":[75],"As":[76],"part":[77],"this":[79],"study,":[80],"we":[81],"investigate":[82],"whether":[83],"national":[84,155],"can":[87,254],"control":[88],"A":[96],"case":[97],"based":[99],"investigations":[101],"standards,":[103],"interviews":[104],"review":[107],"tools":[109,171],"presented.":[111],"uses":[114],"an":[115],"architectural":[116],"model":[117,127,168,263],"divided":[118],"into":[119],"four":[120],"layers:":[121],"data":[122,141],"collection,":[123],"theme,":[125],"application.":[129],"All":[130],"layers":[131],"require":[132],"changes":[133],"when":[134],"implementing":[135],"new":[137],"versioning":[138,160,185,199,220],"method:":[139],"collection":[142],"layer":[143,175],"restructuring":[145],"technical":[147],"solutions":[148],"work":[150],"processes,":[151],"storage":[152],"register":[157],"restructuring,":[159],"capabilities":[161,205],"must":[162,176],"be":[163,210],"propagated":[164],"layer,":[169],"at":[172],"application":[174],"handle":[177],"temporal":[178],"information":[179,258],"better.":[180],"Strong":[181],"incentives":[182],"for":[183],"including":[184],"essential,":[191],"substantial":[193],"investment":[194],"required":[196,206,256],"implement":[198],"all":[201],"layers.":[203],"Only":[204],"by":[207],"applications":[208],"should":[209],"implemented,":[211],"complexity":[214],"grows":[215],"number":[218],"functionalities.":[221],"One":[222],"outcome":[223],"recommendation":[229],"link":[231],"more":[235,242],"closely":[236],"registers.":[239],"enables":[241],"in,":[245],"e.g.,":[246],"permits":[248],"cadastres,":[251],"authorities":[253],"fetch":[255],"(versioning)":[257],"directly":[259],"layer.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}