{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2771422922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi9040095","title":"SCMC: An Efficient Scheme for Minimizing Energy in WSNs Using a Set Cover Approach","display_name":"SCMC: An Efficient Scheme for Minimizing Energy in WSNs Using a Set Cover Approach","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2771422922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi9040095","mag":"2771422922"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi9040095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi9040095","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/9/4/95/pdf?version=1513175905","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/9/4/95/pdf?version=1513175905","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082177613","display_name":"Ahmed Redha Mahlous","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7745-3428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Mahlous","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082177613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"fwci":0.4134,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73742565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"95","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8573594689369202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.680199146270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6590925455093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.6423183083534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.608362078666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5580304265022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set-cover-problem","display_name":"Set cover problem","score":0.5396639704704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5272632837295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5180349946022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4682639241218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4674941599369049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.45686835050582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.43840524554252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4358724355697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.41245412826538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.31548571586608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.24298962950706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07869908213615417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07723000645637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06275451183319092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8573594689369202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.680199146270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6590925455093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6423183083534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.608362078666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5580304265022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100808899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192100","display_name":"Set cover problem","level":3,"score":0.5396639704704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5272632837295532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5180349946022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4682639241218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4674941599369049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.45686835050582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.43840524554252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4358724355697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41245412826538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.31548571586608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.24298962950706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07869908213615417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07723000645637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06275451183319092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi9040095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi9040095","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/9/4/95/pdf?version=1513175905","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:95-:d:122820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/9/4/95/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d1d252b4fb44a75bdf07b112cd609f2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d1d252b4fb44a75bdf07b112cd609f2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 9, Iss 4, p 95 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi9040095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi9040095","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/9/4/95/pdf?version=1513175905","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2771422922.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2771422922.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589130282","https://openalex.org/W1654208236","https://openalex.org/W1964917131","https://openalex.org/W1965703925","https://openalex.org/W1973727721","https://openalex.org/W1987990114","https://openalex.org/W2001274023","https://openalex.org/W2001590892","https://openalex.org/W2001690738","https://openalex.org/W2002989270","https://openalex.org/W2003700468","https://openalex.org/W2030178157","https://openalex.org/W2030337353","https://openalex.org/W2035390479","https://openalex.org/W2053044043","https://openalex.org/W2055687752","https://openalex.org/W2059453441","https://openalex.org/W2063572899","https://openalex.org/W2066356146","https://openalex.org/W2073879099","https://openalex.org/W2075322358","https://openalex.org/W2084398424","https://openalex.org/W2097507461","https://openalex.org/W2099751474","https://openalex.org/W2103272926","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2109451463","https://openalex.org/W2112577636","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2131791946","https://openalex.org/W2132103269","https://openalex.org/W2156036190","https://openalex.org/W2160450532","https://openalex.org/W2168082201","https://openalex.org/W2170668134","https://openalex.org/W2185289693","https://openalex.org/W2208563717","https://openalex.org/W2237133408","https://openalex.org/W2293810385","https://openalex.org/W2295002667","https://openalex.org/W2305499007","https://openalex.org/W2346477838","https://openalex.org/W2482844804","https://openalex.org/W2509862718","https://openalex.org/W2520100048","https://openalex.org/W2743664366","https://openalex.org/W2753025175","https://openalex.org/W2760714735","https://openalex.org/W3139172074","https://openalex.org/W4247041542","https://openalex.org/W4249749961","https://openalex.org/W6637464214","https://openalex.org/W6704720335","https://openalex.org/W6742241690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136583354","https://openalex.org/W2111238207","https://openalex.org/W2760721665","https://openalex.org/W2500106866","https://openalex.org/W330130819","https://openalex.org/W2288610023","https://openalex.org/W2112044895","https://openalex.org/W2952407405","https://openalex.org/W3121416282","https://openalex.org/W4210343411"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy-efficient":[0],"clustering":[1],"and":[2,38,78,87,128,133],"routing":[3,42,82],"are":[4],"well":[5],"known":[6],"optimization":[7,27,62],"problems":[8],"in":[9,73],"the":[10,46,60,68,81,85,88,99,115,121,130],"study":[11],"of":[12,48,101],"Wireless":[13],"Sensor":[14],"Network":[15],"(WSN)":[16],"lifetime":[17,47,132],"extension.":[18],"In":[19,50],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"we":[22,53],"propose":[23],"an":[24],"intelligent":[25],"hybrid":[26],"algorithm":[28,124],"based":[29],"on":[30],"a":[31],"Set":[32],"Cover":[33],"approach":[34,118],"to":[35,44,58],"create":[36],"clusters,":[37],"min-cost":[39,122],"max-flow":[40,123],"for":[41,70],"(SCMC)":[43],"increase":[45],"WSNs.":[49],"our":[51,102],"method":[52],"used":[54],"linear":[55],"programming":[56],"(LP)":[57],"model":[59,65],"WSN":[61],"problem.":[63],"This":[64],"considers":[66],"minimizing":[67,80],"energy":[69,83,126],"all":[71],"nodes":[72,86],"each":[74],"set":[75,116],"cover":[76,117],"(cluster),":[77],"then":[79],"between":[84],"base":[89],"station":[90],"through":[91],"intermediate":[92],"nodes,":[93],"namely":[94],"cluster":[95],"heads.":[96],"To":[97],"evaluate":[98],"performance":[100],"scheme,":[103],"extensive":[104],"simulations":[105],"were":[106],"conducted":[107],"with":[108,120],"different":[109],"scenarios.":[110],"The":[111],"results":[112],"show":[113],"that":[114],"combined":[119],"reduces":[125],"consumption":[127],"increases":[129],"network\u2019s":[131],"throughput.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
