{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417332991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17120577","title":"Selection of Optimal Cluster Head Using MOPSO and Decision Tree for Cluster-Oriented Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"Selection of Optimal Cluster Head Using MOPSO and Decision Tree for Cluster-Oriented Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417332991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17120577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi17120577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17120577","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/17/12/577/pdf?version=1765807380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/17/12/577/pdf?version=1765807380","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057851641","display_name":"Rahul Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9283-0727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168893459","display_name":"University of Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03vrx7m55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168893459"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168893459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103216777","display_name":"Sudhanshu Kumar Jha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-3292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168893459","display_name":"University of Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03vrx7m55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168893459"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhanshu Kumar Jha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168893459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071528383","display_name":"Shiv Prakash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7610-3004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168893459","display_name":"University of Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03vrx7m55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168893459"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiv Prakash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168893459"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041837552","display_name":"Rajkumar Singh Rathore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-1888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqvf857","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rajkumar Singh Rathore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Cardiff School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Cardiff School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041837552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47127947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"12","first_page":"577","last_page":"577"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.8281000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.8281000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.023000000044703484,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.664900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5199000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4406000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4237000048160553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8758000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.664900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5199000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4406000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111185680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3866206","display_name":"Sensor node","level":5,"score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198104137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974688","display_name":"Communication source","level":2,"score":0.33730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775973920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3252726","display_name":"Selection algorithm","level":3,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi17120577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17120577","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/17/12/577/pdf?version=1765807380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce9ad872a4274420be8b21aacf46fb9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce9ad872a4274420be8b21aacf46fb9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 17, Iss 12, p 577 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi17120577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17120577","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/17/12/577/pdf?version=1765807380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417332991.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417332991.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"sensor":[1,16],"networks":[2],"(WSNs)":[3],"consist":[4],"of":[5,112,140,186,254],"distributed":[6],"nodes":[7,17,189,267],"to":[8,177,181,190,217,246,280],"monitor":[9],"various":[10,74,155],"physical":[11],"and":[12,28,42,79,89,100,128,147,164,173,195,210,227,248,257,271,278,298,315,321,338],"environmental":[13,333],"parameters.":[14],"The":[15,136,265,301],"(SNs)":[18],"are":[19,65,167,171],"usually":[20],"resource":[21],"constrained":[22],"such":[23,311],"as":[24,202,260,312],"power":[25],"source,":[26],"communication,":[27,275],"computation":[29],"capacity.":[30],"In":[31,151,233],"WSN,":[32,116],"energy":[33,54,98,162,192,291,319],"consumption":[34,99],"varies":[35],"depending":[36],"on":[37,289],"the":[38,106,110,144,148,152,178,208,211,234,237,243,269,273,281,306],"distance":[39,50],"between":[40],"sender":[41],"receiver":[43],"SNs.":[44],"Communication":[45],"among":[46],"SNs":[47],"having":[48],"long":[49],"requires":[51],"significantly":[52],"additional":[53],"that":[55,121,305],"negatively":[56],"affects":[57],"network":[58,156,245,322],"longevity.":[59],"To":[60,108],"address":[61],"these":[62],"issues,":[63],"WSNs":[64],"deployed":[66,244],"using":[67,252],"multi-hop":[68,71,113],"routing.":[69],"Using":[70],"routing":[72,114,279],"solves":[73],"problems":[75],"like":[76],"reduced":[77],"communication":[78,80],"cost":[81],"but":[82],"finding":[83],"an":[84,92],"optimal":[85,95,187],"cluster":[86],"head":[87],"(CH)":[88],"route":[90],"remain":[91],"issue.":[93],"An":[94],"CH":[96,134,188,204,231,262,284],"reduces":[97],"maintains":[101],"reliable":[102],"data":[103,276],"transmission":[104],"throughout":[105],"network.":[107],"improve":[109],"performance":[111],"in":[115,242,330],"we":[117],"propose":[118],"a":[119,129,183,219,225,261,294],"model":[120,138,229,239,308],"combines":[122],"Multi-Objective":[123],"Particle":[124],"Swarm":[125],"Optimization":[126],"(MOPSO)":[127],"Decision":[130,220],"Tree":[131,221],"for":[132,230,328],"dynamic":[133],"selection.":[135],"proposed":[137,307],"consists":[139],"two":[141],"phases,":[142],"namely,":[143],"offline":[145,153],"phase":[146],"online":[149,235],"phase.":[150],"phase,":[154,236],"scenarios":[157],"with":[158],"node":[159,199,256],"densities,":[160],"initial":[161],"levels,":[163],"BS":[165],"positions":[166],"simulated,":[168],"required":[169],"features":[170,180,253],"collected,":[172],"MOPSO":[174],"is":[175,200,214,240,286],"applied":[176],"collected":[179],"generate":[182],"Pareto":[184],"front":[185],"optimize":[191],"efficiency,":[193],"coverage,":[194],"load":[196,296],"balancing.":[197],"Each":[198],"labeled":[201],"selected":[203],"or":[205,263],"not":[206],"by":[207],"MOPSO,":[209],"labelled":[212],"dataset":[213],"then":[215],"used":[216,241],"train":[218],"classifier,":[222],"which":[223],"generates":[224],"lightweight":[226],"interpretable":[228],"prediction.":[232],"trained":[238],"quickly":[247],"adaptively":[249],"select":[250],"CHs":[251],"each":[255],"classifying":[258],"them":[259],"non-CH.":[264],"predicted":[266],"broadcast":[268],"information":[270],"manage":[272],"intra-cluster":[274],"aggregation,":[277],"base":[282],"station.":[283],"selection":[285],"re-initiated":[287],"based":[288],"residual":[290],"drop":[292],"below":[293],"threshold,":[295],"saturation,":[297],"coverage":[299],"degradation.":[300],"simulation":[302],"results":[303],"demonstrate":[304],"outperforms":[309],"protocols":[310],"LEACH,":[313],"HEED,":[314],"standard":[316],"PSO":[317],"regarding":[318],"efficiency":[320],"lifetime,":[323],"making":[324],"it":[325],"highly":[326],"suitable":[327],"applications":[329],"green":[331],"computing,":[332],"monitoring,":[334],"precision":[335],"agriculture,":[336],"healthcare,":[337],"industrial":[339],"IoT.":[340]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-12-15T00:00:00"}
