{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414781868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100455","title":"Toward the Theoretical Foundations of Industry 6.0: A Framework for AI-Driven Decentralized Manufacturing Control","display_name":"Toward the Theoretical Foundations of Industry 6.0: A Framework for AI-Driven Decentralized Manufacturing Control","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414781868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi17100455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100455","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048582967","display_name":"Andr\u00e9s Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Miguel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8944-1133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96580804","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia Comillas","ror":"https://ror.org/017mdc710","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9s Fern\u00e1ndez-Miguel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration (ADO), Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Madrid, Spain","Faculty of Economics and Business Administration (ICADE), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration (ADO), Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Business Administration (ICADE), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119688936","display_name":"Susana Ort\u00edz-Marcos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8658-3012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96580804","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia Comillas","ror":"https://ror.org/017mdc710","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susana Ort\u00edz-Marcos","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering (ICAI), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering (ICAI), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103108911","display_name":"Mariano Jim\u00e9nez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-159X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96580804","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia Comillas","ror":"https://ror.org/017mdc710","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariano Jim\u00e9nez-Calzado","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering (ICAI), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering (ICAI), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004724213","display_name":"Alfonso Pedro Fern\u00e1ndez del Hoyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-7378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96580804","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia Comillas","ror":"https://ror.org/017mdc710","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfonso P. Fern\u00e1ndez del Hoyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics and Business Administration (ICADE), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Business Administration (ICADE), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014718103","display_name":"Fernando E. Garc\u00eda\u2010Mui\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando E. Garc\u00eda-Mui\u00f1a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration (ADO), Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration (ADO), Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091113606","display_name":"Davide Settembre\u2010Blundo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-4648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163173","display_name":"Innova (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1anr92","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163173"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96580804","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia Comillas","ror":"https://ror.org/017mdc710","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]}],"countries":["ES","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Settembre-Blundo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics and Business Administration (ICADE), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain","Innovability Unit, Gresmalt Group, 41049 Sassuolo, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Business Administration (ICADE), Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96580804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovability Unit, Gresmalt Group, 41049 Sassuolo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163173"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048582967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151","https://openalex.org/I96580804"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.2445,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85432602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"455","last_page":"455"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9650999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9315999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-customization","display_name":"Mass customization","score":0.49880000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.4708999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralised-system","display_name":"Decentralised system","score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.4090999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"Sustainability","score":0.36410000920295715}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6945000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5202999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72414096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367461","display_name":"Mass customization","level":3,"score":0.49880000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.4708999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205875254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156857","display_name":"Decentralised system","level":3,"score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.4090999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4065000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175700187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187939","display_name":"Manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780616401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133673","display_name":"Cornerstone","level":2,"score":0.31450000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63108463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581233","display_name":"Complex adaptive system","level":2,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87912763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663737","display_name":"System of systems","level":3,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi17100455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:88eec7212fd3408e91040c97cebcf4ff","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/88eec7212fd3408e91040c97cebcf4ff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 17, Iss 10, p 455 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi17100455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997231168","https://openalex.org/W2005525451","https://openalex.org/W2027125009","https://openalex.org/W2086110977","https://openalex.org/W2096255578","https://openalex.org/W2104253856","https://openalex.org/W2188966318","https://openalex.org/W2503665053","https://openalex.org/W2607845331","https://openalex.org/W2803596311","https://openalex.org/W2911916578","https://openalex.org/W3016605635","https://openalex.org/W3050623075","https://openalex.org/W3133502163","https://openalex.org/W3170613256","https://openalex.org/W3194459689","https://openalex.org/W3205968778","https://openalex.org/W3210337623","https://openalex.org/W3211430207","https://openalex.org/W3212113469","https://openalex.org/W4200109708","https://openalex.org/W4205417255","https://openalex.org/W4213059338","https://openalex.org/W4225974092","https://openalex.org/W4230952802","https://openalex.org/W4239110044","https://openalex.org/W4285206668","https://openalex.org/W4285795935","https://openalex.org/W4293182838","https://openalex.org/W4298000278","https://openalex.org/W4306410431","https://openalex.org/W4312997918","https://openalex.org/W4316660278","https://openalex.org/W4319159918","https://openalex.org/W4362693491","https://openalex.org/W4367598748","https://openalex.org/W4378420774","https://openalex.org/W4380854200","https://openalex.org/W4382467523","https://openalex.org/W4384284051","https://openalex.org/W4385380102","https://openalex.org/W4385728980","https://openalex.org/W4386788735","https://openalex.org/W4387430902","https://openalex.org/W4388240496","https://openalex.org/W4391429605","https://openalex.org/W4391621173","https://openalex.org/W4391930200","https://openalex.org/W4391971011","https://openalex.org/W4393407031","https://openalex.org/W4394743258","https://openalex.org/W4396219746","https://openalex.org/W4396605566","https://openalex.org/W4399621286","https://openalex.org/W4399643409","https://openalex.org/W4399859633","https://openalex.org/W4400285228","https://openalex.org/W4400915599","https://openalex.org/W4400923429","https://openalex.org/W4401683330","https://openalex.org/W4401701730","https://openalex.org/W4401705256","https://openalex.org/W4401705758","https://openalex.org/W4401906529","https://openalex.org/W4401907286","https://openalex.org/W4401992229","https://openalex.org/W4402177356","https://openalex.org/W4402295313","https://openalex.org/W4402295320","https://openalex.org/W4402504740","https://openalex.org/W4402680642","https://openalex.org/W4402680765","https://openalex.org/W4402859195","https://openalex.org/W4402920625","https://openalex.org/W4403531256","https://openalex.org/W4403531553","https://openalex.org/W4404879544","https://openalex.org/W4408082454","https://openalex.org/W4408780017","https://openalex.org/W4411495309","https://openalex.org/W4411878170","https://openalex.org/W4411959436","https://openalex.org/W4412095501"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,139],"study":[1],"advances":[2],"toward":[3],"establishing":[4,160],"the":[5,77,82,93,118,165],"theoretical":[6,48],"foundations":[7],"of":[8,74,95,120],"Industry":[9,75,121,167],"6.0":[10,168],"by":[11],"developing":[12],"a":[13,37,47,99,161],"comprehensive":[14],"framework":[15,79,110],"that":[16,112],"integrates":[17],"artificial":[18],"intelligence":[19],"(AI),":[20],"decentralized":[21,58,114],"control":[22,115,137,151,158],"systems,":[23,159],"and":[24,31,42,63,68,87,105,130,144],"cyber\u2013physical":[25],"production":[26],"environments":[27],"for":[28,147,164],"intelligent,":[29],"sustainable,":[30],"adaptive":[32],"manufacturing.":[33],"The":[34,108],"research":[35],"employs":[36],"tri-modal":[38],"methodology":[39],"(deductive,":[40],"inductive,":[41],"abductive":[43],"reasoning)":[44],"to":[45,153],"construct":[46],"architecture":[49],"grounded":[50],"in":[51],"five":[52],"interdependent":[53],"constructs:":[54],"advanced":[55],"technology":[56],"integration,":[57],"organizational":[59,88,132],"structures,":[60],"mass":[61],"customization":[62],"sustainability":[64],"strategies,":[65],"cultural":[66,96],"transformation,":[67],"innovation":[69,86],"enhancement.":[70],"Unlike":[71],"prior":[72],"conceptualizations":[73],"6.0,":[76,122],"proposed":[78],"explicitly":[80],"emphasizes":[81],"cyclical":[83],"feedback":[84],"between":[85],"design,":[89],"as":[90,92,98],"well":[91],"role":[94],"transformation":[97],"binding":[100],"element":[101],"across":[102],"technological,":[103],"organizational,":[104],"strategic":[106,131],"domains.":[107],"resulting":[109],"demonstrates":[111],"AI-driven":[113,154],"systems":[116],"constitute":[117],"cornerstone":[119],"enabling":[123],"autonomous":[124],"real-time":[125],"decision-making,":[126],"predictive":[127],"zero-defect":[128],"manufacturing,":[129],"agility":[133],"through":[134],"distributed":[135,155],"intelligent":[136,156],"architectures.":[138],"work":[140],"contributes":[141],"foundational":[142],"theory":[143],"actionable":[145],"guidance":[146],"transitioning":[148],"from":[149],"centralized":[150],"paradigms":[152],"manufacturing":[157],"conceptual":[162],"foundation":[163],"emerging":[166],"paradigm.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}