{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401639239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16080296","title":"A Microservice-Based Smart Agriculture System to Detect Animal Intrusion at the Edge","display_name":"A Microservice-Based Smart Agriculture System to Detect Animal Intrusion at the Edge","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401639239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16080296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi16080296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16080296","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/16/8/296/pdf?version=1723805046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/16/8/296/pdf?version=1723805046","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106563633","display_name":"Jinpeng Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2147-8480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinpeng Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2147-8480","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011173833","display_name":"Dasari Rajasekhar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26072440","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03rgjt374","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dasari Rajasekhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Chennai 600127, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4124-0042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Chennai 600127, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062521842","display_name":"Shivakant Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-9366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shivakant Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-9366","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077417527","display_name":"Sanjeet Kumar Nayak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4290-0632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26072440","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad","ror":"https://ror.org/03rgjt374","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeet Kumar Nayak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Chennai 600127, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4290-0632","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Chennai 600127, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26072440"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111293184","display_name":"Ramanarayan Yadav","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130511786","display_name":"Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management","ror":"https://ror.org/059me1x50","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130511786"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramanarayan Yadav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5014-2010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130511786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062521842","https://openalex.org/A5106563633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":2.8159,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90979924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"296","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8636199235916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7129987478256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.5633493661880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.516955554485321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.457765132188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.4547242224216461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4395488202571869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.41412580013275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27167683839797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09821003675460815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8636199235916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7129987478256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5633493661880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.516955554485321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.457765132188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.4547242224216461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4395488202571869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.41412580013275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27167683839797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09821003675460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi16080296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16080296","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/16/8/296/pdf?version=1723805046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:16:y:2024:i:8:p:296-:d:1457761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/16/8/296/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4b9f69f7741843c7a3a384c85beeca42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4b9f69f7741843c7a3a384c85beeca42","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 16, Iss 8, p 296 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi16080296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16080296","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/16/8/296/pdf?version=1723805046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1260819280","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13012641","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4542439859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TIH-IoT/2022-07/IC/NSF/SL/ NIUC-2022-04/005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401639239.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401639239.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023953679","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2730754853","https://openalex.org/W2793609214","https://openalex.org/W2808569958","https://openalex.org/W2980267009","https://openalex.org/W3011696523","https://openalex.org/W3014603761","https://openalex.org/W3034822085","https://openalex.org/W3082799700","https://openalex.org/W3156258902","https://openalex.org/W3174051433","https://openalex.org/W3185196399","https://openalex.org/W3194934644","https://openalex.org/W3203759161","https://openalex.org/W4223983629","https://openalex.org/W4234801872","https://openalex.org/W4321488940","https://openalex.org/W4324137603","https://openalex.org/W4384571336","https://openalex.org/W4393180389","https://openalex.org/W6797534202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2995938785","https://openalex.org/W4324372666","https://openalex.org/W4225706866","https://openalex.org/W2914646191","https://openalex.org/W4386004629","https://openalex.org/W2942586735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"agriculture":[1,25,63],"stands":[2],"as":[3,30],"a":[4,23,60,81],"promising":[5],"domain":[6],"for":[7,52],"IoT-enabled":[8],"technologies,":[9],"with":[10,122],"the":[11,31,47,141],"potential":[12],"to":[13,38,91,151],"elevate":[14],"crop":[15],"quality,":[16],"quantity,":[17],"and":[18,34,46,68,88,94,112,125,145],"operational":[19],"efficiency.":[20],"However,":[21],"implementing":[22],"smart":[24,62],"system":[26,103,149],"encounters":[27],"challenges":[28],"such":[29],"high":[32],"latency":[33],"bandwidth":[35],"consumption":[36],"linked":[37],"cloud":[39],"computing,":[40],"Internet":[41],"disconnections":[42],"in":[43],"rural":[44],"locales,":[45],"imperative":[48],"of":[49,76,147],"cost":[50],"efficiency":[51],"farmers.":[53,115],"Addressing":[54],"these":[55],"hurdles,":[56],"this":[57],"paper":[58],"advocates":[59],"fog-based":[61],"infrastructure":[64],"integrating":[65],"edge":[66],"computing":[67],"LoRa":[69],"communication.":[70],"We":[71],"tackle":[72],"farmers\u2019":[73],"prime":[74],"concern":[75],"animal":[77,96],"intrusion":[78],"by":[79,135],"presenting":[80],"solution":[82],"leveraging":[83],"low-cost":[84],"PIR":[85],"sensors,":[86],"cameras,":[87],"computer":[89],"vision":[90],"detect":[92],"intrusions":[93,105],"predict":[95],"locations":[97],"using":[98],"an":[99],"innovative":[100],"algorithm.":[101],"Our":[102],"detects":[104],"pre-emptively,":[106],"identifies":[107],"intruders,":[108],"forecasts":[109],"their":[110,127],"movements,":[111],"promptly":[113],"alerts":[114],"Additionally,":[116],"we":[117],"compare":[118],"our":[119,136,148],"proposed":[120],"strategy":[121],"other":[123],"approaches":[124],"measure":[126],"power":[128],"consumptions,":[129],"demonstrating":[130],"significant":[131],"energy":[132,143],"savings":[133],"afforded":[134],"strategy.":[137],"Experimental":[138],"results":[139],"highlight":[140],"effectiveness,":[142],"efficiency,":[144],"cost-effectiveness":[146],"compared":[150],"state-of-the-art":[152],"systems.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}