{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288066979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14080229","title":"CCrFS: Combine Correlation Features Selection for Detecting Phishing Websites Using Machine Learning","display_name":"CCrFS: Combine Correlation Features Selection for Detecting Phishing Websites Using Machine Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288066979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14080229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14080229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14080229","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/8/229/pdf?version=1658920659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/8/229/pdf?version=1658920659","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020003400","display_name":"Jimmy Moedjahedy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-7010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129536290","display_name":"Klabat University","ror":"https://ror.org/0020kf976","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129536290"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jimmy Moedjahedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Universitas Klabat, Minahasa Utara 95371, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-7010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Universitas Klabat, Minahasa Utara 95371, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129536290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067487555","display_name":"Arief Setyanto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0721-3941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400573182","display_name":"Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/00j65mz88","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400573182"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arief Setyanto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister of Informatics Engineering, Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0721-3941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister of Informatics Engineering, Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400573182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040908419","display_name":"Fawaz Khaled Alarfaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-6240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fawaz Khaled Alarfaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-6240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012245972","display_name":"Mohammed Alreshoodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-6909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092650","display_name":"Buraydah Colleges","ror":"https://ror.org/00j0krs40","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Alreshoodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Scientific Research, Applied College, Qassim University, Buraydah 52362, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-6909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Scientific Research, Applied College, Qassim University, Buraydah 52362, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092650","https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020003400","https://openalex.org/A5067487555"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129536290","https://openalex.org/I4400573182"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":11.4688,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98492653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"8","first_page":"229","last_page":"229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing","display_name":"Phishing","score":0.9326773285865784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8458781838417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.6639507412910461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.6526099443435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/login","display_name":"Login","score":0.6467154026031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6229645609855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.525448739528656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4675053060054779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.46367335319519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sensitivity","display_name":"Information sensitivity","score":0.4316200017929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-card","display_name":"Credit card","score":0.42791682481765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3747788667678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2570344805717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.19550466537475586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.9326773285865784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8458781838417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6639507412910461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.6526099443435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113324615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472302","display_name":"Login","level":2,"score":0.6467154026031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6229645609855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.525448739528656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4675053060054779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.46367335319519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.4316200017929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983355114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161380","display_name":"Credit card","level":3,"score":0.42791682481765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3747788667678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2570344805717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.19550466537475586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14080229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14080229","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/8/229/pdf?version=1658920659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:14:y:2022:i:8:p:229-:d:873104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/8/229/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e189d1432dcf471f993dd3d935a6c080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e189d1432dcf471f993dd3d935a6c080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 14, Iss 8, p 229 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/14/8/229/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14080229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 14; Issue 8; Pages: 229","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14080229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14080229","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/8/229/pdf?version=1658920659","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4288066979.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140777655","https://openalex.org/W898167003","https://openalex.org/W1488362390","https://openalex.org/W2165700458","https://openalex.org/W2585821407","https://openalex.org/W2739066632","https://openalex.org/W2782171552","https://openalex.org/W2790168944","https://openalex.org/W2801182074","https://openalex.org/W2890718808","https://openalex.org/W2897074612","https://openalex.org/W2902589333","https://openalex.org/W2914801588","https://openalex.org/W2940440995","https://openalex.org/W2951908739","https://openalex.org/W2990452082","https://openalex.org/W3008226563","https://openalex.org/W3012451118","https://openalex.org/W3028690466","https://openalex.org/W3090717071","https://openalex.org/W3094291258","https://openalex.org/W3095376191","https://openalex.org/W3133086508","https://openalex.org/W3133843004","https://openalex.org/W3171729851","https://openalex.org/W3173117104","https://openalex.org/W3185591237","https://openalex.org/W3197388494","https://openalex.org/W4205721841","https://openalex.org/W4302045966","https://openalex.org/W6624171446","https://openalex.org/W6741388753","https://openalex.org/W6770290918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149202530","https://openalex.org/W2807822918","https://openalex.org/W2921723332","https://openalex.org/W2482950156","https://openalex.org/W4396966040","https://openalex.org/W2790026742","https://openalex.org/W2185625238","https://openalex.org/W3172100151","https://openalex.org/W2906698902","https://openalex.org/W2613718967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0],"users":[1,57],"are":[2,146],"continually":[3],"exposed":[4],"to":[5,18,61,116,119,141],"phishing":[6,16,99,124,150],"as":[7],"cybercrime":[8],"in":[9],"the":[10,28,64,81,95,155,188,192,215,219,230,237,241,251],"21st":[11],"century.":[12],"The":[13,33,176,201],"objective":[14],"of":[15,42,92,97,157,218,226],"is":[17,85,109,191,245,254],"obtain":[19],"sensitive":[20],"information":[21,29,34,65,71,194],"by":[22,152],"deceiving":[23],"a":[24,37,98,132,223],"target":[25],"and":[26,50,105,123,137,173,184,197,207,247],"using":[27],"for":[30,88,148,240,248,256],"financial":[31],"gain.":[32],"may":[35],"include":[36],"login":[38],"detail,":[39],"password,":[40],"date":[41],"birth,":[43],"credit":[44],"card":[45],"number,":[46,49],"bank":[47],"account":[48],"family-related":[51],"information.":[52],"To":[53],"acquire":[54],"these":[55],"details,":[56],"will":[58],"be":[59],"directed":[60],"fill":[62],"out":[63],"on":[66,70],"false":[67],"websites":[68,151],"based":[69],"from":[72,214],"emails,":[73],"adverts,":[74],"text":[75],"messages,":[76],"or":[77],"website":[78,100,125],"pop-ups.":[79],"Examining":[80],"website\u2019s":[82],"URL":[83,101,144],"address":[84],"one":[86,110],"method":[87,111,133],"avoiding":[89],"this":[90,128,164],"type":[91],"deception.":[93],"Identifying":[94],"features":[96,158,243],"takes":[102],"specialized":[103],"knowledge":[104],"investigation.":[106],"Machine":[107],"learning":[108],"that":[112,134,170],"uses":[113],"existing":[114],"data":[115],"teach":[117],"machines":[118],"distinguish":[120],"between":[121],"legal":[122],"URLs.":[126],"In":[127,163],"work,":[129],"we":[130,166],"proposed":[131,220],"combines":[135,179,204],"correlation":[136,183,196,206],"recursive":[138,185,198,208],"feature":[139,186,199,209,232],"elimination":[140],"determine":[142],"which":[143],"characteristics":[145],"useful":[147],"identifying":[149],"gradually":[153],"decreasing":[154],"number":[156],"while":[159],"maintaining":[160],"accuracy":[161,227,238,252],"value.":[162],"paper,":[165],"use":[167],"two":[168],"datasets":[169],"contain":[171],"48":[172],"87":[174],"features.":[175,258],"first":[177],"scenario":[178,190,203],"power":[180],"predictive":[181],"score":[182],"elimination;":[187],"second":[189],"maximal":[193],"coefficient":[195],"elimination.":[200,210],"third":[202],"spearman":[205],"All":[211],"three":[212],"scenarios":[213],"combined":[216],"findings":[217],"methodologies":[221],"achieve":[222],"high":[224],"level":[225],"even":[228],"with":[229],"smallest":[231],"subset.":[233],"For":[234],"dataset":[235,249],"1,":[236],"value":[239,253],"10":[242,257],"result":[244],"97.06%,":[246],"2":[250],"95.88%":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
