{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221104872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14040097","title":"Predicting Dog Emotions Based on Posture Analysis Using DeepLabCut","display_name":"Predicting Dog Emotions Based on Posture Analysis Using DeepLabCut","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221104872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14040097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14040097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14040097","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/4/97/pdf?version=1647934555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/4/97/pdf?version=1647934555","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024194301","display_name":"Kim Ferres","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180923762","display_name":"University of Cologne","ror":"https://ror.org/00rcxh774","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180923762"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Ferres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems and Information Management, University of Cologne, Pohligstrasse 1, 50969 Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems and Information Management, University of Cologne, Pohligstrasse 1, 50969 Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180923762"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078088257","display_name":"Timo Schloesser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180923762","display_name":"University of Cologne","ror":"https://ror.org/00rcxh774","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180923762"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Schloesser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems and Information Management, University of Cologne, Pohligstrasse 1, 50969 Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-2287","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems and Information Management, University of Cologne, Pohligstrasse 1, 50969 Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180923762"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028276052","display_name":"Peter A. Gloor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7271-3224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Gloor","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Center for Collective Intelligence, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7271-3224","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Center for Collective Intelligence, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028276052"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1466},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1466},"fwci":8.3856,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9823897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"97","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11214","display_name":"Human-Animal Interaction Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11214","display_name":"Human-Animal Interaction Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.8551809787750244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/happiness","display_name":"Happiness","score":0.8331327438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8172620534896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6646523475646973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.5492357015609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5212810039520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4521314799785614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-detection","display_name":"Emotion detection","score":0.4494363069534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3973904252052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.3755514919757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.18502694368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.08470073342323303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.8551809787750244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8","display_name":"Happiness","level":2,"score":0.8331327438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8172620534896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6646523475646973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5492357015609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5212810039520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4521314799785614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988148770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion detection","level":3,"score":0.4494363069534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3973904252052307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.3755514919757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.18502694368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.08470073342323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14040097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14040097","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/4/97/pdf?version=1647934555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:USBKOELN.ub.uni-koeln.de:66429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/66429/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400371","display_name":"K\u00f6lner Universit\u00e4ts PublikationsServer (Universit\u00e4t zu K\u00f6ln)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210115942","host_organization_name":"Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115942"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/141371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/141371","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstreams/b8fadafa-00a1-4c6a-93d7-59028e744397/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6ab19d6a5cc54082babedc5f37498390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6ab19d6a5cc54082babedc5f37498390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 97 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14040097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14040097","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/4/97/pdf?version=1647934555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221104872.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161707881","https://openalex.org/W2012742353","https://openalex.org/W2014639322","https://openalex.org/W2024493638","https://openalex.org/W2041935107","https://openalex.org/W2044753854","https://openalex.org/W2165346161","https://openalex.org/W2768079795","https://openalex.org/W2768946193","https://openalex.org/W2790622415","https://openalex.org/W2805710412","https://openalex.org/W2887114371","https://openalex.org/W2889749440","https://openalex.org/W2898308736","https://openalex.org/W2980463312","https://openalex.org/W2983454547","https://openalex.org/W2985626744","https://openalex.org/W2987145678","https://openalex.org/W3081326063","https://openalex.org/W3109055604","https://openalex.org/W4200159319","https://openalex.org/W4238369986"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386052819","https://openalex.org/W2106834006","https://openalex.org/W2336827033","https://openalex.org/W2922915988","https://openalex.org/W2505228240","https://openalex.org/W4389296211","https://openalex.org/W4319430321","https://openalex.org/W1967999477","https://openalex.org/W4240439755","https://openalex.org/W3047499479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"an":[3,125],"emotion":[4],"recognition":[5],"system":[6],"for":[7,60,80],"dogs":[8],"automatically":[9],"identifying":[10],"the":[11,61,77,100,104],"emotions":[12],"anger,":[13],"fear,":[14],"happiness,":[15],"and":[16,66,98,129],"relaxation.":[17],"It":[18],"is":[19,115],"based":[20],"on":[21],"a":[22,45,91,119],"previously":[23],"trained":[24,87],"machine":[25],"learning":[26],"model,":[27],"which":[28],"uses":[29],"automatic":[30],"pose":[31],"estimation":[32],"to":[33,102,117,134],"differentiate":[34],"emotional":[35,121],"states":[36,62],"of":[37,93,106],"canines.":[38],"Towards":[39],"that":[40],"goal,":[41],"we":[42],"have":[43],"compiled":[44],"picture":[46],"library":[47],"with":[48,56,124],"full":[49],"body":[50,110],"dog":[51,70,96,109,136],"pictures":[52],"featuring":[53],"400":[54],"images":[55,97],"100":[57],"samples":[58],"each":[59],"\u201cAnger\u201d,":[63],"\u201cFear\u201d,":[64],"\u201cHappiness\u201d":[65],"\u201cRelaxation\u201d.":[67],"A":[68],"new":[69],"keypoint":[71,82],"detection":[72],"model":[73],"was":[74],"built":[75],"using":[76],"framework":[78],"DeepLabCut":[79],"animal":[81],"detector":[83,88],"training.":[84],"The":[85],"newly":[86],"learned":[89],"from":[90],"total":[92],"13,809":[94],"annotated":[95],"possesses":[99],"capability":[101,133],"estimate":[103],"coordinates":[105],"24":[107],"different":[108],"part":[111],"keypoints.":[112],"Our":[113],"application":[114],"able":[116],"determine":[118],"dog\u2019s":[120],"state":[122],"visually":[123],"accuracy":[126],"between":[127],"60%":[128],"70%,":[130],"exceeding":[131],"human":[132],"recognize":[135],"emotions.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2022-04-03T00:00:00"}