{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224933368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020047","title":"Research on Progress of Blockchain Consensus Algorithm: A Review on Recent Progress of Blockchain Consensus Algorithms","display_name":"Research on Progress of Blockchain Consensus Algorithm: A Review on Recent Progress of Blockchain Consensus Algorithms","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224933368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14020047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/47/pdf?version=1643523535","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/47/pdf?version=1643523535","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112074274","display_name":"Huanliang Xiong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74837319","display_name":"Jiangxi Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dc7s858","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huanliang Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031288589","display_name":"Muxi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6711-131X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74837319","display_name":"Jiangxi Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dc7s858","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muxi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6711-131X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100295236","display_name":"Wu Canghai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74837319","display_name":"Jiangxi Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dc7s858","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Canghai Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113072684","display_name":"Yingding Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74837319","display_name":"Jiangxi Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dc7s858","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingding Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009786817","display_name":"Wenlong Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-3498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74837319","display_name":"Jiangxi Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dc7s858","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenlong Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100295236"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74837319"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":30.9429,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":103,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99743035,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"47","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9552000164985657,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.939429521560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8391867280006409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-algorithm","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","score":0.7920975685119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6572670936584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5187535285949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45695993304252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.41638290882110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mainstream","display_name":"Mainstream","score":0.4146912097930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17169392108917236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.939429521560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8391867280006409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983222225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2994424","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7920975685119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6572670936584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5187535285949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45695993304252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41638290882110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.4146912097930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17169392108917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14020047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/47/pdf?version=1643523535","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:47-:d:738665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/47/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:492dae7dcf4c40a2abb29a2ba6e1afc0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/492dae7dcf4c40a2abb29a2ba6e1afc0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 47 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/14/2/47/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14020047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 47","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14020047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020047","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/47/pdf?version=1643523535","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224933368.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224933368.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185290757","https://openalex.org/W1600255172","https://openalex.org/W1814543774","https://openalex.org/W1980938853","https://openalex.org/W2000832815","https://openalex.org/W2054584570","https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2132334337","https://openalex.org/W2135934107","https://openalex.org/W2139359217","https://openalex.org/W2152465173","https://openalex.org/W2293624543","https://openalex.org/W2534313446","https://openalex.org/W2594834126","https://openalex.org/W2603574138","https://openalex.org/W2748498091","https://openalex.org/W2754529701","https://openalex.org/W2763398287","https://openalex.org/W2794717484","https://openalex.org/W2795222609","https://openalex.org/W2795991314","https://openalex.org/W2803836845","https://openalex.org/W2889627320","https://openalex.org/W2972300199","https://openalex.org/W3004208836","https://openalex.org/W3037512809","https://openalex.org/W3089656219","https://openalex.org/W3092728260","https://openalex.org/W3120970772","https://openalex.org/W3124927426","https://openalex.org/W3125663963","https://openalex.org/W3126049368","https://openalex.org/W3137092842","https://openalex.org/W3137880034","https://openalex.org/W3173795333","https://openalex.org/W3186614012","https://openalex.org/W3193905042","https://openalex.org/W3200945944","https://openalex.org/W3202217169","https://openalex.org/W3202887189","https://openalex.org/W4210362383","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4248440052","https://openalex.org/W4319780347","https://openalex.org/W6678832241","https://openalex.org/W6681062557","https://openalex.org/W6682904396","https://openalex.org/W6685807058","https://openalex.org/W6697509271","https://openalex.org/W6799715261","https://openalex.org/W6903913235","https://openalex.org/W7024640192"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3098545956","https://openalex.org/W2373539721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain":[0],"technology":[1],"can":[2],"solve":[3],"the":[4,9,36,39,44,49,54,62,73,81,85,88,92,97,100,105,109,114,121,129,140,156],"problem":[5],"of":[6,61,65,75,84,91,99,108,123,132,147,160],"trust":[7],"in":[8,12,38,43,72,135],"open":[10],"network":[11,46],"a":[13,69],"decentralized":[14],"way.":[15],"It":[16],"has":[17,22],"broad":[18],"application":[19],"prospects":[20],"and":[21,28,48,67,112,138,144,151],"attracted":[23],"extensive":[24],"attention":[25],"from":[26],"academia":[27],"industry.":[29],"The":[30,56],"blockchain":[31,66,76,101],"consensus":[32,42,57,102,110,116,124,133,149,161],"algorithm":[33,58,125],"ensures":[34],"that":[35],"nodes":[37],"chain":[40],"reach":[41],"complex":[45],"environment,":[47],"node":[50],"status":[51],"ultimately":[52],"remains":[53],"same.":[55],"is":[59],"one":[60],"core":[63],"technologies":[64,90],"plays":[68],"pivotal":[70],"role":[71],"research":[74,98,130],"technology.":[77],"This":[78],"article":[79],"gives":[80],"basic":[82],"concepts":[83],"blockchain,":[86,93],"summarizes":[87],"key":[89],"especially":[94],"focuses":[95],"on":[96,120,153],"algorithm,":[103],"expounds":[104],"general":[106],"principles":[107],"process,":[111],"classifies":[113],"mainstream":[115],"algorithms.":[117],"Then,":[118],"focusing":[119],"improvement":[122],"performance,":[126],"it":[127],"reviews":[128],"progress":[131],"algorithms":[134,162],"detail,":[136],"analyzes":[137],"compares":[139],"characteristics,":[141],"suitable":[142],"scenarios,":[143],"possible":[145],"shortcomings":[146],"different":[148],"algorithms,":[150],"based":[152],"this,":[154],"studies":[155],"future":[157],"development":[158],"trend":[159],"for":[163],"reference.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2022-04-28T00:00:00"}