{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210359950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020041","title":"A Hybrid Robust-Learning Architecture for Medical Image Segmentation with Noisy Labels","display_name":"A Hybrid Robust-Learning Architecture for Medical Image Segmentation with Noisy Labels","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210359950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020041"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14020041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/41/pdf?version=1644463271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/41/pdf?version=1644463271","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102929174","display_name":"Jialin Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9629-3706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jialin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070358240","display_name":"Chenyi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8222-5179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014958566","display_name":"Ji Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6170-726X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102929174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.0439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79029837,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"41","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7527318000793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7285355925559998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7229002714157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5497631430625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5001537799835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.48468640446662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.46859875321388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4401094615459442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4393481910228729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.42341798543930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3360292911529541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.28253090381622314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7527318000793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7285355925559998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7229002714157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5497631430625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5001537799835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.48468640446662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46859875321388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4401094615459442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4393481910228729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.42341798543930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3360292911529541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28253090381622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14020041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/41/pdf?version=1644463271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:41-:d:734822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/41/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b7b8717f218642319f55ff28ca8c4ed0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b7b8717f218642319f55ff28ca8c4ed0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 41 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/14/2/41/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14020041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 41","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi14020041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14020041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/14/2/41/pdf?version=1644463271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5278294311","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.L192026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210359950.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2752971446","https://openalex.org/W2803187616","https://openalex.org/W2806389172","https://openalex.org/W2885593519","https://openalex.org/W2904856451","https://openalex.org/W2905043081","https://openalex.org/W2941387380","https://openalex.org/W2947380870","https://openalex.org/W2962731543","https://openalex.org/W2962762068","https://openalex.org/W2963697299","https://openalex.org/W2964273174","https://openalex.org/W2964292098","https://openalex.org/W2979302305","https://openalex.org/W2979901318","https://openalex.org/W2981873476","https://openalex.org/W2982361422","https://openalex.org/W2998663558","https://openalex.org/W3018023895","https://openalex.org/W3033039186","https://openalex.org/W3035716296","https://openalex.org/W3036586801","https://openalex.org/W3039366696","https://openalex.org/W3091593480","https://openalex.org/W3100137005","https://openalex.org/W3158824596","https://openalex.org/W3168479843","https://openalex.org/W3175103763","https://openalex.org/W3176735645","https://openalex.org/W3181946646","https://openalex.org/W3188064562","https://openalex.org/W3208720418","https://openalex.org/W6745136726","https://openalex.org/W6750523955","https://openalex.org/W6751883947","https://openalex.org/W6766332932","https://openalex.org/W6771936042"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2517104666","https://openalex.org/W2541791370","https://openalex.org/W2005437358","https://openalex.org/W2790662084","https://openalex.org/W2035976912","https://openalex.org/W1669643531","https://openalex.org/W2008656436","https://openalex.org/W2134924024","https://openalex.org/W2023558673","https://openalex.org/W4285827401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep-learning":[0],"models":[1],"require":[2],"large":[3],"amounts":[4],"of":[5,72,82,177],"accurately":[6],"labeled":[7],"data.":[8],"However,":[9],"for":[10,37,64,96,186],"medical":[11,39,66],"image":[12,40,67],"segmentation,":[13],"high-quality":[14],"labels":[15,36,63],"rely":[16],"on":[17,78,109,125,149],"expert":[18],"experience,":[19],"and":[20,84,118,156,181],"less-experienced":[21],"operators":[22],"provide":[23,119],"noisy":[24,35,62,80,143,188],"labels.":[25,144,189],"How":[26],"one":[27],"might":[28],"mitigate":[29],"the":[30,79,138,175],"negative":[31,139],"effects":[32,140],"caused":[33,141],"by":[34,142],"3D":[38,65],"segmentation":[41,155],"has":[42,163],"not":[43],"been":[44],"fully":[45],"investigated.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"paper,":[49],"our":[50],"purpose":[51],"is":[52],"to":[53,60,113,136,168],"propose":[54,85,103,130],"a":[55,86,99,104,126,182],"novel":[56],"hybrid":[57,133,160],"robust-learning":[58,134],"architecture":[59,135,162],"combat":[61],"segmentation.":[68],"Our":[69,159],"method":[70],"consists":[71],"three":[73],"components.":[74],"First,":[75],"we":[76,102,129],"focus":[77],"annotations":[81],"slices":[83,97],"slice-level":[87,178],"label-quality":[88,94,179],"awareness":[89,180],"method,":[90],"which":[91],"automatically":[92],"generates":[93],"scores":[95],"in":[98],"set.":[100],"Second,":[101],"shape-awareness":[105,183],"regularization":[106,184],"loss":[107,185],"based":[108,124],"distance":[110],"transform":[111],"maps":[112],"introduce":[114],"prior":[115],"shape":[116],"information":[117],"extra":[120],"performance":[121],"gains.":[122],"Third,":[123],"re-weighting":[127],"strategy,":[128],"an":[131],"end-to-end":[132],"weaken":[137],"Extensive":[145],"experiments":[146],"are":[147],"performed":[148],"two":[150],"representative":[151],"datasets":[152],"(i.e.,":[153],"liver":[154],"multi-organ":[157],"segmentation).":[158],"noise-robust":[161],"shown":[164],"competitive":[165],"performance,":[166],"compared":[167],"other":[169],"methods.":[170],"Ablation":[171],"studies":[172],"also":[173],"demonstrate":[174],"effectiveness":[176],"combating":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
