{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215040228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13110298","title":"Face Swapping Consistency Transfer with Neural Identity Carrier","display_name":"Face Swapping Consistency Transfer with Neural Identity Carrier","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215040228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13110298","mag":"3215040228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13110298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13110298","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/11/298/pdf?version=1637657056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/11/298/pdf?version=1637657056","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101804035","display_name":"Kunlin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9325-4058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunlin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035505090","display_name":"Ping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-3235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-3235","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101821261","display_name":"Wenbo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4703-4641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389565","display_name":"Zhenyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9256-3762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent Youtu, Shanghai 200233, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent Youtu, Shanghai 200233, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032461971","display_name":"Yanhao Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-5118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanhao Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent Youtu, Shanghai 200233, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent Youtu, Shanghai 200233, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019725487","display_name":"Honggu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-9624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honggu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-9624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067689180","display_name":"Weiming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064573190","display_name":"Nenghai Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-9316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nenghai Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101821261"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.2909,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57404777,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"298","last_page":"298"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8833049535751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nice","display_name":"Nice","score":0.6059079170227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.5331745743751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5297879576683044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5190702080726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.46969035267829895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3703795075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36979925632476807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8833049535751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33959","display_name":"Nice","level":2,"score":0.6059079170227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.5331745743751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5297879576683044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5190702080726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.46969035267829895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3703795075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36979925632476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13110298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13110298","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/11/298/pdf?version=1637657056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:298-:d:685122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/11/298/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d8d1184174db460b8c87817c4d6c0d8f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d8d1184174db460b8c87817c4d6c0d8f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 298 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/13/11/298/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi13110298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 13; Issue 11; Pages: 298","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13110298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13110298","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/11/298/pdf?version=1637657056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G175089312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20B2047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3986437333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4260595822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YD3480002001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325599","funder_display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325599","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3215040228.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3215040228.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560021816","https://openalex.org/W2055825262","https://openalex.org/W2083192529","https://openalex.org/W2111959010","https://openalex.org/W2166465411","https://openalex.org/W2600383743","https://openalex.org/W2603351312","https://openalex.org/W2608058963","https://openalex.org/W2769666294","https://openalex.org/W2807126412","https://openalex.org/W2890298158","https://openalex.org/W2902836694","https://openalex.org/W2942074357","https://openalex.org/W2963524571","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W2984700035","https://openalex.org/W3034301684","https://openalex.org/W3034713808","https://openalex.org/W3042625284","https://openalex.org/W3092709185","https://openalex.org/W3094190932","https://openalex.org/W3096123317","https://openalex.org/W3102638728","https://openalex.org/W3112871073","https://openalex.org/W3145724825","https://openalex.org/W3152384838","https://openalex.org/W3166055650","https://openalex.org/W3177317342","https://openalex.org/W3213519740","https://openalex.org/W6684114613","https://openalex.org/W6746466744","https://openalex.org/W6746671576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380149316","https://openalex.org/W1984529021","https://openalex.org/W2116601738","https://openalex.org/W3121577759","https://openalex.org/W3046720081","https://openalex.org/W2200556363","https://openalex.org/W2767093258","https://openalex.org/W1969318164","https://openalex.org/W1995617074","https://openalex.org/W1996155444"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deepfake":[0],"aims":[1],"to":[2],"swap":[3],"a":[4,14,36,40,57],"face":[5],"of":[6,148,168],"an":[7,52,96],"image":[8],"with":[9],"someone":[10],"else\u2019s":[11],"likeness":[12],"in":[13],"reasonable":[15],"manner.":[16],"Existing":[17],"methods":[18,171,179],"usually":[19],"perform":[20],"deepfake":[21,149,170,183],"frame":[22,82],"by":[23,87,113,126,177],"frame,":[24],"thus":[25],"ignoring":[26],"video":[27],"consistency":[28],"and":[29,72,83,107,151],"producing":[30],"incoherent":[31],"results.":[32],"To":[33],"address":[34],"such":[35,105],"problem,":[37],"we":[38],"propose":[39],"novel":[41],"framework":[42],"Neural":[43],"Identity":[44],"Carrier":[45],"(NICe),":[46],"which":[47],"learns":[48,84],"identity":[49,75],"transformation":[50,85],"from":[51],"arbitrary":[53],"face-swapping":[54],"proxy":[55],"via":[56],"U-Net.":[58],"By":[59],"modeling":[60],"the":[61,80,92,110,117,138,145,166],"incoherence":[62,94],"between":[63],"frames":[64],"as":[65],"noise,":[66],"NICe":[67,78,101,122,132,143,163],"naturally":[68],"suppresses":[69],"its":[70,124],"disturbance":[71],"preserves":[73],"primary":[74],"information.":[76],"Concretely,":[77],"inputs":[79],"original":[81],"supervised":[86],"swapped":[88],"pseudo":[89],"labels.":[90],"As":[91],"temporal":[93,146],"has":[95],"uncertain":[97],"or":[98],"stochastic":[99],"pattern,":[100],"can":[102,180],"filter":[103],"out":[104],"outliers":[106],"well":[108],"maintain":[109],"target":[111],"content":[112],"uncertainty":[114],"prediction.":[115],"With":[116],"predicted":[118],"temporally":[119],"stable":[120],"appearance,":[121],"enhances":[123],"details":[125],"constraining":[127],"3D":[128],"geometry":[129],"consistency,":[130],"making":[131],"learn":[133],"fine-grained":[134],"facial":[135],"structure":[136],"across":[137],"poses.":[139],"In":[140],"this":[141],"way,":[142],"guarantees":[144],"stableness":[147],"approaches":[150],"predicts":[152],"detailed":[153],"results":[154],"against":[155],"over-smoothness.":[156],"Extensive":[157],"experiments":[158],"on":[159,172],"benchmarks":[160],"demonstrate":[161],"that":[162],"significantly":[164],"improves":[165],"quality":[167],"existing":[169],"video-level.":[173],"Besides,":[174],"data":[175],"generated":[176],"our":[178],"benefit":[181],"video-level":[182],"detection":[184],"methods.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}