{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3187104866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","title":"A Survey on Botnets: Incentives, Evolution, Detection and Current Trends","display_name":"A Survey on Botnets: Incentives, Evolution, Detection and Current Trends","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3187104866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","mag":"3187104866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13080198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/198/pdf?version=1628089605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/198/pdf?version=1628089605","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036552435","display_name":"Simon Nam Thanh Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-0747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Nam Thanh Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021230719","display_name":"Mads Stege","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-0510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mads Stege","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048888344","display_name":"Peter Issam El-Habr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-6720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Issam El-Habr","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086351328","display_name":"Jesper Bang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-4210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesper Bang","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006444565","display_name":"Nicola Dragoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-2990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Dragoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006444565"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":6.2392,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96601117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"8","first_page":"198","last_page":"198"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.9963390827178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8523259162902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8052816390991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.7512060403823853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7312529683113098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.4968896210193634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host","display_name":"Host (biology)","score":0.4750102460384369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4344833493232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.41566699743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.41344523429870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.16002142429351807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.9963390827178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8523259162902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8052816390991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.7512060403823853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7312529683113098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4968896210193634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4750102460384369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4344833493232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41566699743270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.41344523429870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16002142429351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13080198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/198/pdf?version=1628089605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:198-:d:605825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/198/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:092b24479ca9468faade996d610cfbb6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/092b24479ca9468faade996d610cfbb6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 13, Iss 8, p 198 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/13/8/198/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 13; Issue 8; Pages: 198","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ee3e0670-4ca8-4d2c-9741-7304d9dc1d20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/ee3e0670-4ca8-4d2c-9741-7304d9dc1d20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Thanh , S N , Stege , M , El-Habr , P I , Bang , J & Dragoni , N 2021 , ' Survey on botnets: Incentives, evolution, detection and current trends ' , Future Internet , vol. 13 , no. 8 , 198 . https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13080198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13080198","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/8/198/pdf?version=1628089605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G782039376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Projektnummer 2018-0197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330516","funder_display_name":"Industriens Fond"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330516","display_name":"Industriens Fond","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3187104866.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3187104866.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":253,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31625775","https://openalex.org/W187693235","https://openalex.org/W201456316","https://openalex.org/W202500387","https://openalex.org/W757277879","https://openalex.org/W1502661566","https://openalex.org/W1562463929","https://openalex.org/W1675560586","https://openalex.org/W1871107887","https://openalex.org/W1969948191","https://openalex.org/W1971365338","https://openalex.org/W1975675278","https://openalex.org/W1976866799","https://openalex.org/W1978616069","https://openalex.org/W1979305135","https://openalex.org/W1979818385","https://openalex.org/W1987851356","https://openalex.org/W1992713826","https://openalex.org/W1993861188","https://openalex.org/W1996006176","https://openalex.org/W1996473659","https://openalex.org/W1997124325","https://openalex.org/W1999618297","https://openalex.org/W1999798506","https://openalex.org/W2000309792","https://openalex.org/W2005462193","https://openalex.org/W2012917383","https://openalex.org/W2020689806","https://openalex.org/W2021926456","https://openalex.org/W2024488400","https://openalex.org/W2025083673","https://openalex.org/W2025248113","https://openalex.org/W2026621111","https://openalex.org/W2032112873","https://openalex.org/W2038004736","https://openalex.org/W2040388444","https://openalex.org/W2040399728","https://openalex.org/W2045880951","https://openalex.org/W2050778414","https://openalex.org/W2051324170","https://openalex.org/W2052466667","https://openalex.org/W2052745072","https://openalex.org/W2053792066","https://openalex.org/W2056348361","https://openalex.org/W2056767344","https://openalex.org/W2058047155","https://openalex.org/W2065323196","https://openalex.org/W2066553416","https://openalex.org/W2067930537","https://openalex.org/W2068176183","https://openalex.org/W2068874079","https://openalex.org/W2069620139","https://openalex.org/W2070352186","https://openalex.org/W2072374814","https://openalex.org/W2074218814","https://openalex.org/W2080433242","https://openalex.org/W2089160511","https://openalex.org/W2093331366","https://openalex.org/W2098563793","https://openalex.org/W2100307718","https://openalex.org/W2102671922","https://openalex.org/W2108005341","https://openalex.org/W2109702570","https://openalex.org/W2109877485","https://openalex.org/W2116992865","https://openalex.org/W2121008990","https://openalex.org/W2122682880","https://openalex.org/W2133259017","https://openalex.org/W2135422573","https://openalex.org/W2135787110","https://openalex.org/W2136753008","https://openalex.org/W2137345105","https://openalex.org/W2144072473","https://openalex.org/W2152592596","https://openalex.org/W2154874878","https://openalex.org/W2157826538","https://openalex.org/W2158218224","https://openalex.org/W2158952142","https://openalex.org/W2160279563","https://openalex.org/W2171770082","https://openalex.org/W2174520777","https://openalex.org/W2180622150","https://openalex.org/W2182062649","https://openalex.org/W2202023669","https://openalex.org/W2238764994","https://openalex.org/W2239778906","https://openalex.org/W2242094442","https://openalex.org/W2243430762","https://openalex.org/W2244771014","https://openalex.org/W2248421617","https://openalex.org/W2254364023","https://openalex.org/W2263865046","https://openalex.org/W2298955082","https://openalex.org/W2300910736","https://openalex.org/W2315209489","https://openalex.org/W2325359287","https://openalex.org/W2332838062","https://openalex.org/W2410828832","https://openalex.org/W2483960930","https://openalex.org/W2513770602","https://openalex.org/W2520817629","https://openalex.org/W2526357099","https://openalex.org/W2528500008","https://openalex.org/W2541868397","https://openalex.org/W2545374358","https://openalex.org/W2546296060","https://openalex.org/W2556208712","https://openalex.org/W2562429745","https://openalex.org/W2565766771","https://openalex.org/W2581659146","https://openalex.org/W2586432806","https://openalex.org/W2593800047","https://openalex.org/W2605277152","https://openalex.org/W2612437872","https://openalex.org/W2733765803","https://openalex.org/W2737741152","https://openalex.org/W2737801898","https://openalex.org/W2753348563","https://openalex.org/W2755326359","https://openalex.org/W2763168190","https://openalex.org/W2764181485","https://openalex.org/W2765312167","https://openalex.org/W2767973429","https://openalex.org/W2768896713","https://openalex.org/W2771954201","https://openalex.org/W2776690508","https://openalex.org/W2783577733","https://openalex.org/W2784285659","https://openalex.org/W2784664815","https://openalex.org/W2786410436","https://openalex.org/W2788194436","https://openalex.org/W2789264396","https://openalex.org/W2793756773","https://openalex.org/W2802252153","https://openalex.org/W2803167497","https://openalex.org/W2805503337","https://openalex.org/W2806403591","https://openalex.org/W2807472716","https://openalex.org/W2809689023","https://openalex.org/W2810674385","https://openalex.org/W2891484103","https://openalex.org/W2897094640","https://openalex.org/W2897317705","https://openalex.org/W2898126008","https://openalex.org/W2902830044","https://openalex.org/W2902986994","https://openalex.org/W2903038681","https://openalex.org/W2906922718","https://openalex.org/W2907516583","https://openalex.org/W2908361559","https://openalex.org/W2909044307","https://openalex.org/W2911869324","https://openalex.org/W2921334442","https://openalex.org/W2934080905","https://openalex.org/W2939441294","https://openalex.org/W2939505107","https://openalex.org/W2940818357","https://openalex.org/W2943502243","https://openalex.org/W2944996997","https://openalex.org/W2945572725","https://openalex.org/W2945744393","https://openalex.org/W2947041220","https://openalex.org/W2947969447","https://openalex.org/W2950659434","https://openalex.org/W2950972244","https://openalex.org/W2962777184","https://openalex.org/W2962778379","https://openalex.org/W2963619203","https://openalex.org/W2964662614","https://openalex.org/W2966862194","https://openalex.org/W2969335168","https://openalex.org/W2969528592","https://openalex.org/W2969779216","https://openalex.org/W2972484797","https://openalex.org/W2972689670","https://openalex.org/W2973558776","https://openalex.org/W2976731654","https://openalex.org/W2978978128","https://openalex.org/W2979510440","https://openalex.org/W2980038013","https://openalex.org/W2980055861","https://openalex.org/W2980502996","https://openalex.org/W2981536805","https://openalex.org/W2981791596","https://openalex.org/W2981856772","https://openalex.org/W2982596332","https://openalex.org/W2983905197","https://openalex.org/W2991210281","https://openalex.org/W2991735283","https://openalex.org/W2995789841","https://openalex.org/W2996453059","https://openalex.org/W2996903716","https://openalex.org/W2998420555","https://openalex.org/W2999870577","https://openalex.org/W3001902713","https://openalex.org/W3003301664","https://openalex.org/W3006170173","https://openalex.org/W3011175834","https://openalex.org/W3012476877","https://openalex.org/W3015875647","https://openalex.org/W3021361914","https://openalex.org/W3021588303","https://openalex.org/W3023268776","https://openalex.org/W3026820624","https://openalex.org/W3033628978","https://openalex.org/W3036889819","https://openalex.org/W3042397424","https://openalex.org/W3046346562","https://openalex.org/W3047314667","https://openalex.org/W3048444816","https://openalex.org/W3048529935","https://openalex.org/W3092149785","https://openalex.org/W3096570196","https://openalex.org/W3098149756","https://openalex.org/W3101185229","https://openalex.org/W3101263800","https://openalex.org/W3104735167","https://openalex.org/W3125924353","https://openalex.org/W3129311919","https://openalex.org/W3129339224","https://openalex.org/W3136867180","https://openalex.org/W3145206855","https://openalex.org/W3146346937","https://openalex.org/W3152901292","https://openalex.org/W3165101997","https://openalex.org/W3171908901","https://openalex.org/W3175217968","https://openalex.org/W3175402960","https://openalex.org/W3178436634","https://openalex.org/W4234423918","https://openalex.org/W4237130931","https://openalex.org/W4244220811","https://openalex.org/W4251641556","https://openalex.org/W4254855071","https://openalex.org/W6601283418","https://openalex.org/W6608154413","https://openalex.org/W6630140922","https://openalex.org/W6645285827","https://openalex.org/W6672900303","https://openalex.org/W6685492580","https://openalex.org/W6699310875","https://openalex.org/W6701408937","https://openalex.org/W6752003869","https://openalex.org/W6752079816","https://openalex.org/W6755962549","https://openalex.org/W6757258130","https://openalex.org/W6761485612","https://openalex.org/W6762088090","https://openalex.org/W6763896267","https://openalex.org/W6768824942","https://openalex.org/W6773262880","https://openalex.org/W6774464070","https://openalex.org/W6798746318"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2294483539","https://openalex.org/W2378449000","https://openalex.org/W3187581118","https://openalex.org/W2938399969","https://openalex.org/W2616994865","https://openalex.org/W3143747655","https://openalex.org/W2929621094","https://openalex.org/W1996006176","https://openalex.org/W4230824443","https://openalex.org/W2292210693"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Botnets,":[0],"groups":[1],"of":[2,15,21,62,74,88,99,120],"malware-infected":[3],"hosts":[4],"controlled":[5],"by":[6],"malicious":[7],"actors,":[8],"have":[9,24],"gained":[10],"prominence":[11],"in":[12,56,77,101],"an":[13,60,117],"era":[14],"pervasive":[16,78],"computing":[17],"and":[18,39,68,91,106,111,135],"the":[19,54,63,72,86,92,97,121,129],"Internet":[20],"Things.":[22],"Botnets":[23],"shown":[25],"a":[26,45],"capacity":[27],"to":[28,53,58,95,114,131,139],"perform":[29],"substantial":[30],"damage":[31],"through":[32],"distributed":[33],"denial-of-service":[34],"attacks,":[35],"information":[36],"theft,":[37],"spam":[38],"malware":[40],"propagation.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"systematic":[46],"literature":[47,81],"review":[48,82],"on":[49,85],"botnets":[50,100],"is":[51],"presented":[52],"reader":[55],"order":[57],"obtain":[59],"understanding":[61],"incentives,":[64],"evolution,":[65],"detection,":[66],"mitigation":[67,107,146],"current":[69,133],"trends":[70,136],"within":[71,137],"field":[73],"botnet":[75,89,145],"research":[76,138],"computing.":[79],"The":[80,125],"focuses":[83],"particularly":[84],"topic":[87],"detection":[90,105],"proposed":[93,123],"solutions":[94],"mitigate":[96],"threat":[98],"system":[102],"security.":[103],"Botnet":[104],"mechanisms":[108],"are":[109],"categorised":[110],"briefly":[112],"described":[113],"allow":[115],"for":[116,143],"easy":[118],"overview":[119],"many":[122],"solutions.":[124],"paper":[126],"also":[127],"summarises":[128],"findings":[130],"identify":[132,141],"challenges":[134],"help":[140],"improvements":[142],"further":[144],"research.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-06T07:47:59.780226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}