{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3158927655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13050105","title":"IoT Technologies during and Beyond COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review","display_name":"IoT Technologies during and Beyond COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3158927655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13050105","mag":"3158927655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13050105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13050105","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/5/105/pdf?version=1619356515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/5/105/pdf?version=1619356515","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069482269","display_name":"Mohamed Yousif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-5200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqvf857","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Yousif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff School of Technologies, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff School of Technologies, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043570519","display_name":"Chaminda Hewage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqvf857","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaminda Hewage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff School of Technologies, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-6661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff School of Technologies, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024067029","display_name":"Liqaa Nawaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-0554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqvf857","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqaa Nawaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff School of Technologies, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-0554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff School of Technologies, Llandaff Campus, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043570519"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":8.0543,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97852729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"105","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7543953657150269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timeline","display_name":"Timeline","score":0.7190459966659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.6394621133804321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5169826745986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.493068665266037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.45447808504104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.44898277521133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4038519859313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3728068470954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.12669247388839722}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7543953657150269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4438859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186117","display_name":"Timeline","level":2,"score":0.7190459966659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.6394621133804321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5169826745986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.493068665266037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.45447808504104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.44898277521133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4038519859313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3728068470954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.12669247388839722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13050105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13050105","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/5/105/pdf?version=1619356515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9959bb0807674962892108fa4e8ad13f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9959bb0807674962892108fa4e8ad13f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 13, Iss 5, p 105 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/19153739","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/IoT_Technologies_during_and_Beyond_COVID-19_A_Comprehensive_Review/19153739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/13/5/105/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi13050105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 13; Issue 5; Pages: 105","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.cardiffmet.ac.uk:10369/11454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10369/11454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401326","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan Research Repository (Cardiff Metropolitan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","host_organization_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi13050105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13050105","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/5/105/pdf?version=1619356515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3158927655.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3158927655.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068220298","https://openalex.org/W2122590816","https://openalex.org/W2289218694","https://openalex.org/W2293428550","https://openalex.org/W2296425371","https://openalex.org/W2418227629","https://openalex.org/W2515862647","https://openalex.org/W2533098408","https://openalex.org/W2561342496","https://openalex.org/W2581008300","https://openalex.org/W2604096638","https://openalex.org/W2605628799","https://openalex.org/W2611626082","https://openalex.org/W2625860935","https://openalex.org/W2698122431","https://openalex.org/W2740528846","https://openalex.org/W2755710537","https://openalex.org/W2765182809","https://openalex.org/W2785446263","https://openalex.org/W2801906753","https://openalex.org/W2858974629","https://openalex.org/W2884461133","https://openalex.org/W2889531475","https://openalex.org/W2906834744","https://openalex.org/W2922437194","https://openalex.org/W3016477893","https://openalex.org/W3023398824","https://openalex.org/W3023617420","https://openalex.org/W3034213523","https://openalex.org/W3034361669","https://openalex.org/W3039688481","https://openalex.org/W3046261225","https://openalex.org/W3048416409","https://openalex.org/W3093729430","https://openalex.org/W3093765340","https://openalex.org/W3106059286","https://openalex.org/W3109498408","https://openalex.org/W3109644637","https://openalex.org/W3112713116","https://openalex.org/W3123346574","https://openalex.org/W3126925373","https://openalex.org/W3131141937","https://openalex.org/W3135564693","https://openalex.org/W3164531790","https://openalex.org/W3164931057","https://openalex.org/W3215461129","https://openalex.org/W4246764700","https://openalex.org/W6697204302","https://openalex.org/W6779658920","https://openalex.org/W6781592108"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1858249912","https://openalex.org/W2114034199","https://openalex.org/W2317428717","https://openalex.org/W2734259032","https://openalex.org/W4385261515","https://openalex.org/W3094038556","https://openalex.org/W2014772881","https://openalex.org/W4254228154","https://openalex.org/W2406257283","https://openalex.org/W3049477255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,128],"COVID-19":[1,52],"pandemic":[2],"provided":[3,23],"a":[4],"much-needed":[5],"sanity":[6],"check":[7],"for":[8,25,77,92,122,165,173,189],"IoT-inspired":[9],"frameworks":[10],"and":[11,20,57,68,72,75,90,105,115,118,139,169,176,201],"solutions.":[12],"IoT":[13,44,93,109,143,157,191],"solutions":[14,45,95],"such":[15],"as":[16,203,205],"remote":[17],"health":[18],"monitoring":[19],"contact":[21,55],"tracing":[22],"support":[24],"authorities":[26],"to":[27,149],"successfully":[28],"manage":[29],"the":[30,33,38,60,88,97,136,147,154,209],"spread":[31],"of":[32,42,108,120,131,141],"coronavirus.":[34],"This":[35],"article":[36,184],"provides":[37],"first":[39],"comprehensive":[40],"review":[41,133],"key":[43],"that":[46,193],"have":[47,146],"had":[48],"an":[49],"impact":[50],"on":[51,87],"in":[53,66,82,96,113,153,159],"healthcare,":[54],"tracing,":[56],"transportation":[58],"during":[59],"pandemic.":[61],"Each":[62],"sector":[63,162],"is":[64,135],"investigated":[65],"depth;":[67],"potential":[69,148,167,186],"applications,":[70],"social":[71,170],"economic":[73,168],"impact,":[74,171],"barriers":[76],"mass":[78,123,174],"adaptation":[79,124,207],"are":[80,111,125,163],"discussed":[81],"detail.":[83],"Furthermore,":[84],"it":[85],"elaborates":[86],"challenges":[89],"opportunities":[91],"framework":[94],"immediate":[98],"post-COVID-19":[99],"era.":[100],"To":[101],"this":[102,132,183],"end,":[103],"privacy":[104,200],"security":[106],"concerns":[107],"applications":[110,152,158,192],"analyzed":[112],"depth":[114],"emerging":[116],"standards":[117],"code":[119],"practices":[121],"also":[126],"discussed.":[127],"main":[129],"contribution":[130],"paper":[134],"in-depth":[137],"analysis":[138],"categorization":[140],"sector-wise":[142],"technologies,":[144],"which":[145],"be":[150],"prominent":[151],"new":[155],"normal.":[156],"each":[160],"selected":[161],"rated":[164],"their":[166],"timeline":[172],"adaptation,":[175],"Technology":[177],"Readiness":[178],"Level":[179],"(TRL).":[180],"In":[181],"addition,":[182],"outlines":[185],"research":[187],"directions":[188],"next-generation":[190],"would":[194],"facilitate":[195],"improved":[196],"performance":[197],"with":[198],"preserved":[199],"security,":[202],"well":[204],"wider":[206],"by":[208],"population":[210],"at":[211],"large.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2021-05-10T00:00:00"}
