{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109764760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12120211","title":"Risk Perceptions on Social Media Use in Norway","display_name":"Risk Perceptions on Social Media Use in Norway","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109764760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12120211","mag":"3109764760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi12120211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12120211","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/12/211/pdf?version=1606815578","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/12/211/pdf?version=1606815578","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027597002","display_name":"Philip Nyblom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Philip Nyblom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, NTNU\u2013Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, NTNU\u2013Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030395548","display_name":"Gaute Wangen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3861-6746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gaute Wangen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IT Division, Digital Security Section, NTNU\u2013Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IT Division, Digital Security Section, NTNU\u2013Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071334624","display_name":"Vasileios Gkioulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7304-3835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasileios Gkioulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, NTNU\u2013Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, NTNU\u2013Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gj\u00f8vik, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027597002","https://openalex.org/A5030395548","https://openalex.org/A5071334624"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":3.7367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94368225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"12","first_page":"211","last_page":"211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.8222920894622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.693612813949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6225151419639587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6136890649795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norwegian","display_name":"Norwegian","score":0.5990360379219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4983022212982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compromise","display_name":"Compromise","score":0.46582695841789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.45977839827537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.45907849073410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4484083354473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-media","display_name":"Digital media","score":0.4217957854270935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3354879915714264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28941190242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22818908095359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.12934237718582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.08906137943267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.07648470997810364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.8222920894622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.693612813949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6225151419639587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6136890649795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63428231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9043","display_name":"Norwegian","level":2,"score":0.5990360379219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4983022212982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.46582695841789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.45977839827537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.45907849073410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4484083354473114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17632256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076968","display_name":"Digital media","level":2,"score":0.4217957854270935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3354879915714264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28941190242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22818908095359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12934237718582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.08906137943267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.07648470997810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi12120211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12120211","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/12/211/pdf?version=1606815578","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:897594599a0c4e8c809ac9052ce3d30f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/897594599a0c4e8c809ac9052ce3d30f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 12, Iss 12, p 211 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/12/12/211/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi12120211","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 12; Issue 12; Pages: 211","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2993805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2993805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"12","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi12120211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12120211","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/12/211/pdf?version=1606815578","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109764760.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109764760.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35532289","https://openalex.org/W67271896","https://openalex.org/W1789500908","https://openalex.org/W1971260361","https://openalex.org/W1991897203","https://openalex.org/W1999724779","https://openalex.org/W2037588148","https://openalex.org/W2048771683","https://openalex.org/W2061141931","https://openalex.org/W2156799558","https://openalex.org/W2162260603","https://openalex.org/W2335888457","https://openalex.org/W2547669723","https://openalex.org/W2606757332","https://openalex.org/W2618836391","https://openalex.org/W2733831044","https://openalex.org/W2762618237","https://openalex.org/W2762878246","https://openalex.org/W2765227388","https://openalex.org/W2799513350","https://openalex.org/W2896960274","https://openalex.org/W2960257313","https://openalex.org/W2999567898","https://openalex.org/W3005249086","https://openalex.org/W3013103982","https://openalex.org/W3032043542","https://openalex.org/W3082763776","https://openalex.org/W3122318885","https://openalex.org/W3124896223","https://openalex.org/W4233395253","https://openalex.org/W6602778852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2801622120","https://openalex.org/W2164141394","https://openalex.org/W4240977217","https://openalex.org/W3036524962","https://openalex.org/W2508088450","https://openalex.org/W2389434635","https://openalex.org/W4214750239","https://openalex.org/W2279908259","https://openalex.org/W2025641871","https://openalex.org/W4252107351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"media":[1,77,94,109,182,213],"are":[2],"getting":[3],"more":[4,6,13],"and":[5,24,33,69,86,123,137,142,161,168,217],"ingrained":[7],"into":[8],"everybody\u2019s":[9],"lives.":[10],"With":[11],"people\u2019s":[12],"substantial":[14],"presence":[15],"on":[16,42,59,193,202,235,248],"social":[17,56,76,93,108,181,212,236],"media,":[18,57,237],"threat":[19,219],"actors":[20],"exploit":[21],"the":[22,25,43,53,60,72,89,107,129,132,135,139,176,180,186,197,203,227,239],"platforms":[23,95,110],"information":[26],"that":[27],"people":[28,48],"share":[29],"there":[30],"to":[31],"deploy":[32],"execute":[34],"various":[35],"types":[36],"of":[37,55,62,74,91,105,149,211,229,233],"attacks.":[38],"This":[39],"paper":[40,130],"focuses":[41],"Norwegian":[44],"population,":[45],"exploring":[46],"how":[47,157,162,194],"perceive":[49],"risks":[50],"arising":[51],"from":[52],"use":[54],"focusing":[58,247],"analysis":[61,101],"specific":[63],"indicators":[64],"such":[65],"as":[66],"age,":[67],"sexes":[68,136],"differences":[70,133],"among":[71,179],"users":[73,90,184],"distinct":[75],"platforms.":[78],"For":[79],"data":[80],"collection,":[81],"a":[82,207,218,230],"questionnaire":[83],"was":[84],"structured":[85],"deployed":[87],"towards":[88],"multiple":[92],"(total":[96],"n":[97],"=":[98,113,117,121,126,153],"329).":[99],"The":[100,170,224],"compares":[102],"risk":[103,177,209,234],"perceptions":[104],"using":[106],"Facebook":[111],"(n":[112,116,120,125,152],"288),":[114],"Twitter":[115],"134),":[118],"Reddit":[119],"189)":[122],"Snapchat":[124],"267).":[127],"Furthermore,":[128],"analyses":[131],"between":[134,138],"digital":[140],"natives":[141],"non-natives.":[143],"Our":[144],"sample":[145],"also":[146,190],"includes":[147],"sufferers":[148],"ID":[150,164],"theft":[151,165],"50).":[154],"We":[155],"analyse":[156],"account":[158],"compromise":[159],"occurs":[160],"suffering":[163],"changes":[166],"behaviour":[167],"perception.":[169],"results":[171,225],"show":[172,226],"significant":[173],"discrepancies":[174],"in":[175],"perception":[178,232],"platform":[183],"across":[185],"examined":[187],"indicators,":[188],"but":[189],"explicit":[191],"variations":[192],"this":[195,249],"affects":[196],"associated":[198],"usage":[199],"patterns.":[200],"Based":[201],"results,":[204],"we":[205],"propose":[206],"generic":[208],"ranking":[210],"platforms,":[214],"activities,":[215],"sharing":[216],"model":[220],"for":[221,241],"SoMe":[222],"users.":[223],"lack":[228],"unified":[231],"indicating":[238],"need":[240],"targeted":[242],"security":[243],"awareness":[244],"enhancement":[245],"mechanisms":[246],"topic.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2020-12-07T00:00:00"}
