{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3092246906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12100170","title":"Autonomous Navigation of a Solar-Powered UAV for Secure Communication in Urban Environments with Eavesdropping Avoidance","display_name":"Autonomous Navigation of a Solar-Powered UAV for Secure Communication in Urban Environments with Eavesdropping Avoidance","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3092246906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12100170","mag":"3092246906"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi12100170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12100170","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/10/170/pdf?version=1602326894","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/10/170/pdf?version=1602326894","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037131765","display_name":"Hailong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2667-6423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081925619","display_name":"Andrey V. Savkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9390-6634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrey V. Savkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081925619"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":9.7663,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97583636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"10","first_page":"170","last_page":"170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8429343700408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.707101583480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5608042478561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.532319962978363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5173673033714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.43474531173706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.43462181091308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4196763038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3680507242679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.11978358030319214}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8429343700408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.707101583480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5608042478561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.532319962978363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5173673033714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.43474531173706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.43462181091308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4196763038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3680507242679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.11978358030319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi12100170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12100170","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/10/170/pdf?version=1602326894","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:12:y:2020:i:10:p:170-:d:425913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/10/170/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fe6bffc792a94ecca42cbf8d73926513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fe6bffc792a94ecca42cbf8d73926513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 12, Iss 10, p 170 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/12/10/170/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi12100170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet; Volume 12; Issue 10; Pages: 170","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi12100170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12100170","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/12/10/170/pdf?version=1602326894","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1010395839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AUSMURIB000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","funder_display_name":"Australian Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972146307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2140357557","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2154455053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","funder_display_name":"Australian Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2373092470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP190102501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2680810362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AUSMURIB000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3024551116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3036124852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AUSMURI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5765307518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AUSMURIB000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G611870384","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8295023963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AUSMURIB000001 associated with ONR MURI grant N00014-19-1-2571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","funder_display_name":"Australian Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876996369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092246906.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092246906.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968975597","https://openalex.org/W1969483458","https://openalex.org/W2000359213","https://openalex.org/W2067040941","https://openalex.org/W2072955302","https://openalex.org/W2077831477","https://openalex.org/W2108636252","https://openalex.org/W2120600560","https://openalex.org/W2127617835","https://openalex.org/W2132338620","https://openalex.org/W2136957179","https://openalex.org/W2151739058","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2296385533","https://openalex.org/W2313274380","https://openalex.org/W2335799662","https://openalex.org/W2511689138","https://openalex.org/W2609148084","https://openalex.org/W2750708784","https://openalex.org/W2796872992","https://openalex.org/W2885551694","https://openalex.org/W2901061351","https://openalex.org/W2911700632","https://openalex.org/W2952624925","https://openalex.org/W2953946307","https://openalex.org/W2963117265","https://openalex.org/W2963385432","https://openalex.org/W2964114200","https://openalex.org/W2967332848","https://openalex.org/W2982964493","https://openalex.org/W3005492131","https://openalex.org/W3011277131","https://openalex.org/W3015698455","https://openalex.org/W3015966526","https://openalex.org/W3022310485"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368710903","https://openalex.org/W4386360526","https://openalex.org/W2772112465","https://openalex.org/W4387918499","https://openalex.org/W2158905603","https://openalex.org/W2766105476","https://openalex.org/W2735171729","https://openalex.org/W2786267942","https://openalex.org/W2387536556","https://openalex.org/W3094650923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,74,163],"paper":[1],"considers":[2,77],"the":[3,14,22,33,42,51,55,71,78,81,85,89,92,94,97,102,108,112,115,119,125,128,131,137,147,166,176,180,193,196,200,207,215,219,227,236],"navigation":[4],"of":[5,24,80,84,91,96,114,127,185,195],"a":[6,65,183,223,231],"solar-powered":[7,86],"unmanned":[8],"aerial":[9],"vehicle":[10],"(UAV)":[11],"for":[12,210,235],"securing":[13],"communication":[15,52],"with":[16,54,107],"an":[17],"intended":[18,56,109],"ground":[19],"node":[20,57,110],"in":[21,26,41,100,130],"presence":[23],"eavesdroppers":[25],"urban":[27,44,132],"environments.":[28],"To":[29,60],"complete":[30,218],"this":[31,61],"task,":[32],"UAV":[34,72,87,103,148,168,237],"needs":[35],"to":[36,69,117,124,217,222,238],"not":[37],"only":[38],"fly":[39],"safely":[40],"complex":[43],"environment,":[45],"but":[46],"also":[47,141],"take":[48],"into":[49],"account":[50],"performance":[53],"and":[58,111,140,171,213],"eavesdroppers.":[59],"end,":[62],"we":[63],"formulate":[64],"multi-objective":[66],"optimization":[67],"problem":[68,75],"plan":[70],"path.":[73],"jointly":[76],"maximization":[79,95],"residual":[82],"energy":[83,202],"at":[88],"end":[90],"mission,":[93],"time":[98,116,216,233],"period":[99],"which":[101,134],"can":[104,188],"securely":[105,239],"communicate":[106],"minimization":[113],"reach":[118],"destination.":[120],"We":[121,191],"pay":[122],"attention":[123],"impact":[126],"buildings":[129],"environments,":[133],"may":[135],"block":[136],"transmitted":[138],"signals":[139],"create":[142],"some":[143],"shadow":[144],"region":[145],"where":[146],"cannot":[149],"harvest":[150],"energy.":[151],"A":[152],"Rapidly-exploring":[153],"Random":[154],"Tree":[155],"(RRT)":[156],"based":[157],"path":[158,212],"planning":[159],"scheme":[160,164],"is":[161,172],"presented.":[162],"captures":[165],"nonlinear":[167],"motion":[169],"model,":[170],"computationally":[173],"efficient":[174],"considering":[175],"randomness":[177],"nature.":[178],"From":[179],"generated":[181],"tree,":[182],"set":[184],"possible":[186],"paths":[187],"be":[189],"found.":[190],"evaluate":[192],"security":[194],"wireless":[197],"communication,":[198],"compute":[199],"overall":[201],"consumption":[203],"as":[204,206],"well":[205],"harvested":[208],"amount":[209],"each":[211],"calculate":[214],"flight.":[220],"Compared":[221],"general":[224],"RRT":[225],"scheme,":[226],"proposed":[228],"method":[229],"enables":[230],"large":[232],"window":[234],"transmit":[240],"data.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}