{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948853558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11060126","title":"CKMI: Comprehensive Key Management Infrastructure Design for Industrial Automation and Control Systems","display_name":"CKMI: Comprehensive Key Management Infrastructure Design for Industrial Automation and Control Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948853558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11060126","mag":"2948853558"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi11060126","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11060126","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/6/126/pdf?version=1559643508","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/6/126/pdf?version=1559643508","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110560599","display_name":"T. C. Pramod","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400573291","display_name":"Dayananda Sagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/033f7da12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400573291"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8977528","display_name":"Dr. Hari Singh Gour University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xapxe37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8977528"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pramod T. C.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Technology, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka 560078, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9022-3464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Technology, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka 560078, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4400573291","https://openalex.org/I8977528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110633502","display_name":"G. S. Thejas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153738","display_name":"Siddaganga Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wd8c661","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thejas G. S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka 572103, India","School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9606-0128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka 572103, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102765260","display_name":"S. S. Iyengar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3203-833X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. S. Iyengar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3203-833X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028700987","display_name":"N. R. Sunitha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-1689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153738","display_name":"Siddaganga Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wd8c661","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. R. Sunitha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka 572103, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-1689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka 572103, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110560599","https://openalex.org/A5110633502"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959","https://openalex.org/I4387153738","https://openalex.org/I4400573291","https://openalex.org/I8977528"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.5553,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82480659,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"6","first_page":"126","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7657936811447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7600723505020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-management","display_name":"Key management","score":0.7173068523406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.600435733795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5287620425224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.32435178756713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.23179402947425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10130023956298828}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7657936811447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7600723505020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17886624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320561","display_name":"Key management","level":3,"score":0.7173068523406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.600435733795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5287620425224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.32435178756713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.23179402947425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10130023956298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi11060126","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11060126","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/6/126/pdf?version=1559643508","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.fiu.edu:cs_fac-1024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cs_fac/25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401637","display_name":"Florida International University Digital Commons (Florida International University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","host_organization_name":"Florida International University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"School of Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b5c0cb9f9b1743258fa21fd781d3db4a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b5c0cb9f9b1743258fa21fd781d3db4a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 11, Iss 6, p 126 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/11/6/126/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11060126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi11060126","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11060126","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/6/126/pdf?version=1559643508","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309993","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948853558.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948853558.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514335193","https://openalex.org/W1514361308","https://openalex.org/W1530071485","https://openalex.org/W1561414281","https://openalex.org/W1822822445","https://openalex.org/W1932143572","https://openalex.org/W1966124282","https://openalex.org/W1990067238","https://openalex.org/W1998697083","https://openalex.org/W2001819211","https://openalex.org/W2029029052","https://openalex.org/W2043924974","https://openalex.org/W2091457677","https://openalex.org/W2095953269","https://openalex.org/W2110817709","https://openalex.org/W2121339331","https://openalex.org/W2122941544","https://openalex.org/W2129542188","https://openalex.org/W2144901401","https://openalex.org/W2156008395","https://openalex.org/W2160813024","https://openalex.org/W2505192341","https://openalex.org/W2618713725","https://openalex.org/W2623796653","https://openalex.org/W2727225980","https://openalex.org/W2737775620","https://openalex.org/W2762155482","https://openalex.org/W2804225172","https://openalex.org/W2804261475","https://openalex.org/W2896599519","https://openalex.org/W2899267035","https://openalex.org/W2929540856","https://openalex.org/W2944206970","https://openalex.org/W3047504799","https://openalex.org/W4230668220","https://openalex.org/W4232314211","https://openalex.org/W4234269945","https://openalex.org/W4243202529","https://openalex.org/W4254159973","https://openalex.org/W6630076029","https://openalex.org/W6631748853","https://openalex.org/W6638568576","https://openalex.org/W6724522782","https://openalex.org/W6738434767","https://openalex.org/W6739527748","https://openalex.org/W6781684957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2957415295","https://openalex.org/W2152563268","https://openalex.org/W2025411550","https://openalex.org/W2020176320","https://openalex.org/W4240532262","https://openalex.org/W2134686030","https://openalex.org/W2392390330","https://openalex.org/W2365054870","https://openalex.org/W2952702399","https://openalex.org/W2625363013"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industrial":[0],"Automation":[1],"and":[2,14,118,151,154,164,190],"Control":[3],"Systems":[4],"(IACS)":[5],"are":[6],"broadly":[7],"utilized":[8],"in":[9,23],"critical":[10],"infrastructures":[11],"for":[12,49,62,104,176],"monitoring":[13],"controlling":[15],"the":[16,47,59,91,111,127,162,183,194,197],"industrial":[17,93,178],"processes":[18],"remotely.":[19],"The":[20,122,156,170,187],"real-time":[21],"transmissions":[22],"such":[24,108],"systems":[25],"provoke":[26],"security":[27,30],"breaches.":[28],"Many":[29],"breaches":[31],"have":[32],"been":[33],"reported":[34],"impacting":[35],"society":[36],"severely.":[37],"Hence,":[38],"it":[39],"is":[40,102],"essential":[41],"to":[42,56,181],"achieve":[43],"secure":[44,52,63,159],"communication":[45,64,160],"between":[46,161],"devices":[48],"creating":[50],"a":[51,82,96],"environment.":[53],"For":[54],"this":[55,87],"be":[57,66,77,174],"effective,":[58],"keys":[60],"used":[61],"must":[65],"protected":[67],"against":[68],"unauthorized":[69],"disclosure,":[70],"misuse,":[71],"alteration":[72],"or":[73],"loss,":[74],"which":[75],"can":[76,173],"taken":[78],"care":[79],"of":[80,167,196],"by":[81,89],"Key":[83],"Management":[84],"Infrastructure.":[85],"In":[86],"paper,":[88],"considering":[90],"generic":[92],"automation":[94,179],"network,":[95],"comprehensive":[97],"key":[98,129,133,137,139,143,145,147,149,152,184],"management":[99,130,185],"infrastructure":[100],"(CKMI)":[101],"designed":[103],"IACS.":[105],"To":[106],"design":[107,124,157,172],"an":[109],"infrastructure,":[110],"proposed":[112,123,171,198],"scheme":[113],"employs":[114],"ECDH,":[115],"matrix":[116],"method,":[117],"polynomial":[119],"crypto":[120],"mechanisms.":[121],"handles":[125],"all":[126],"standard":[128],"operations,":[131],"viz.":[132],"generation,":[134],"device":[135,141],"registration,":[136],"establishment,":[138],"storage,":[140],"addition,":[142],"revocation,":[144],"update,":[146],"recovery,":[148],"archival,":[150],"de-registration":[153],"destruction.":[155],"supports":[158],"same":[163],"different":[165],"levels":[166],"IACS":[168],"devices.":[169],"applied":[175],"major":[177],"networks":[180],"handle":[182],"operations.":[186],"performance":[188],"analysis":[189],"implementation":[191],"results":[192],"highlight":[193],"benefits":[195],"design.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}