{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2912790553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","title":"Interoperability of the Time of Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things","display_name":"Interoperability of the Time of Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2912790553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","mag":"2912790553"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi11020036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/2/36/pdf?version=1549165826","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/2/36/pdf?version=1549165826","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009677323","display_name":"Francesco Lelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-9171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Lelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-9171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009677323"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":6.5232,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96704205,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"36","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.862705409526825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.8560965061187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enabling","display_name":"Enabling","score":0.775987982749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.759520411491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5626491904258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5432045459747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5161193609237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.5109771490097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberspace","display_name":"Cyberspace","score":0.4773949682712555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.47264450788497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.45140278339385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4476364254951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.357339084148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3415449857711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.32437166571617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28111720085144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.24366071820259094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.20049944519996643}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.862705409526825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.8560965061187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22607594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375150","display_name":"Enabling","level":2,"score":0.775987982749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.759520411491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5626491904258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5432045459747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5161193609237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.5109771490097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781241145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204606","display_name":"Cyberspace","level":3,"score":0.4773949682712555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.47264450788497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.45140278339385986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4476364254951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.357339084148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3415449857711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32437166571617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28111720085144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.24366071820259094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.20049944519996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi11020036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/2/36/pdf?version=1549165826","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:openaire/963a7262-0079-4d73-8478-f32c80bc07d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/963a7262-0079-4d73-8478-f32c80bc07d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401490","display_name":"Research portal (Tilburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","host_organization_name":"Tilburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lelli, F 2019, 'Interoperability of the time of industry 4.0 and the Internet of things', Future Internet, vol. 11, no. 2, 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:11:y:2019:i:2:p:36-:d:203252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/2/36/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:330ac0dce243414bac9afbc117437226","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/330ac0dce243414bac9afbc117437226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 36 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/11/2/36/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:publications/963a7262-0079-4d73-8478-f32c80bc07d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/2/36","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401490","display_name":"Research portal (Tilburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","host_organization_name":"Tilburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lelli, F 2019, 'Interoperability of the time of industry 4.0 and the Internet of things', Future Internet, vol. 11, no. 2, 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi11020036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11020036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/11/2/36/pdf?version=1549165826","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2912790553.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2912790553.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133501526","https://openalex.org/W1570385038","https://openalex.org/W1620530708","https://openalex.org/W1654805921","https://openalex.org/W1754959153","https://openalex.org/W2032614950","https://openalex.org/W2047931023","https://openalex.org/W2060141099","https://openalex.org/W2109024523","https://openalex.org/W2153595771","https://openalex.org/W2163040665","https://openalex.org/W2165318227","https://openalex.org/W2246536540","https://openalex.org/W2295939521","https://openalex.org/W2526075606","https://openalex.org/W2548821160","https://openalex.org/W2735460997","https://openalex.org/W2771613974","https://openalex.org/W2886624827","https://openalex.org/W2888833933","https://openalex.org/W2891795716","https://openalex.org/W2892123858","https://openalex.org/W2896626485","https://openalex.org/W6603936348","https://openalex.org/W6634071459","https://openalex.org/W6676390998","https://openalex.org/W6682619722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368745349","https://openalex.org/W2131575257","https://openalex.org/W2372005904","https://openalex.org/W144012884","https://openalex.org/W3167675181","https://openalex.org/W2360897455","https://openalex.org/W2377660959","https://openalex.org/W2810589793","https://openalex.org/W4251169878","https://openalex.org/W2691278361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industry":[0,75],"4.0":[1,76],"demands":[2],"a":[3,20,30,36,45,53,58,73,106],"dynamic":[4,74,97],"optimization":[5],"of":[6,14,25,48,86,108],"production":[7,77],"lines.":[8],"They":[9],"are":[10,119],"formed":[11],"by":[12,99],"sets":[13],"heterogeneous":[15],"devices":[16,92],"that":[17,70],"cooperate":[18],"towards":[19],"shared":[21,46],"goal.":[22],"The":[23],"Internet":[24],"Things":[26],"can":[27],"serve":[28],"as":[29],"technology":[31],"enabler":[32],"for":[33,51,110],"implementing":[34],"such":[35],"vision.":[37],"Nevertheless,":[38],"the":[39,49,84],"domain":[40],"is":[41],"struggling":[42],"in":[43,61,93],"finding":[44],"understanding":[47],"concepts":[50,109],"describing":[52,91,111],"device.":[54],"This":[55],"aspect":[56],"plays":[57],"fundamental":[59],"role":[60],"enabling":[62],"an":[63],"\u201cintelligent":[64],"interoperability\u201d":[65],"among":[66],"sensor":[67],"and":[68,88,113],"actuators":[69],"will":[71],"constitute":[72],"line.":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80],"paper,":[81],"we":[82,114],"summarize":[83],"efforts":[85],"academics":[87],"practitioners":[89],"toward":[90],"order":[94],"to":[95],"enable":[96],"reconfiguration":[98],"machines":[100],"or":[101],"humans.":[102],"We":[103],"also":[104],"propose":[105],"set":[107],"devices,":[112],"analyze":[115],"how":[116],"present":[117],"initiatives":[118],"covering":[120],"these":[121],"aspects.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
