{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2809427773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10060055","title":"Simulating the Cost of Cooperation: A Recipe for Collaborative Problem-Solving","display_name":"Simulating the Cost of Cooperation: A Recipe for Collaborative Problem-Solving","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2809427773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10060055","mag":"2809427773"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi10060055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10060055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/10/6/55/pdf?version=1529653061","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/10/6/55/pdf?version=1529653061","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049461499","display_name":"Andrea Guazzini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-4461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Guazzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for the Study of Complex Dynamics (CSDC), University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy","Department of Education and Psychology, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-4461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for the Study of Complex Dynamics (CSDC), University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education and Psychology, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041146231","display_name":"Mirko Duradoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-9484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mirko Duradoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-9484","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031587776","display_name":"Alessandro Lazzeri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-9010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Lazzeri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Girolamo Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-9010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Girolamo Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084294535","display_name":"Giorgio Gronchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-4900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio Gronchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for the Study of Complex Dynamics (CSDC), University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-4900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for the Study of Complex Dynamics (CSDC), University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049461499"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.5924,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66403037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"6","first_page":"55","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.844368577003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6868895888328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6090224385261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.542225182056427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.5022389888763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4164447784423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.36632317304611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.34520506858825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.17153704166412354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.844368577003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6868895888328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6090224385261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.542225182056427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.5022389888763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4164447784423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.36632317304611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.34520506858825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.17153704166412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi10060055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10060055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/10/6/55/pdf?version=1529653061","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jftint:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:55-:d:153175","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/10/6/55/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:004bf91d6ace437d9d2133442525937d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/004bf91d6ace437d9d2133442525937d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 55 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1134099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1134099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-5903/10/6/55/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi10060055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/fi10060055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10060055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/10/6/55/pdf?version=1529653061","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34838331","display_name":"Future Internet","issn_l":"1999-5903","issn":["1999-5903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Future Internet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2809427773.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2809427773.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541075651","https://openalex.org/W1558773256","https://openalex.org/W1562837433","https://openalex.org/W1699872916","https://openalex.org/W1700409575","https://openalex.org/W1912198823","https://openalex.org/W1912668879","https://openalex.org/W1973778903","https://openalex.org/W1990421363","https://openalex.org/W2006469409","https://openalex.org/W2007051766","https://openalex.org/W2007615281","https://openalex.org/W2009881211","https://openalex.org/W2013297439","https://openalex.org/W2015123963","https://openalex.org/W2020740057","https://openalex.org/W2022149119","https://openalex.org/W2028707177","https://openalex.org/W2031177377","https://openalex.org/W2051510192","https://openalex.org/W2054659283","https://openalex.org/W2059706178","https://openalex.org/W2070952198","https://openalex.org/W2083689991","https://openalex.org/W2084116113","https://openalex.org/W2085659299","https://openalex.org/W2085728653","https://openalex.org/W2107311373","https://openalex.org/W2108871946","https://openalex.org/W2112815430","https://openalex.org/W2113070435","https://openalex.org/W2113533495","https://openalex.org/W2120220258","https://openalex.org/W2121946698","https://openalex.org/W2123484290","https://openalex.org/W2129135549","https://openalex.org/W2129444086","https://openalex.org/W2137709071","https://openalex.org/W2145167176","https://openalex.org/W2151621569","https://openalex.org/W2154715890","https://openalex.org/W2157217668","https://openalex.org/W2159558246","https://openalex.org/W2160991193","https://openalex.org/W2168254891","https://openalex.org/W2287736905","https://openalex.org/W2505449460","https://openalex.org/W2545742913","https://openalex.org/W2554934702","https://openalex.org/W2733239919","https://openalex.org/W2773488656","https://openalex.org/W2963592359","https://openalex.org/W3100520553","https://openalex.org/W3122786119","https://openalex.org/W3124066026","https://openalex.org/W3124615991","https://openalex.org/W3125040706","https://openalex.org/W4252171122","https://openalex.org/W4312587670","https://openalex.org/W6647920165"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4318823662","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2025875869","https://openalex.org/W3207526114","https://openalex.org/W4286908577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Collective":[0],"problem-solving":[1],"and":[2,54,122,153,168],"decision-making,":[3],"along":[4],"with":[5,115],"other":[6],"forms":[7],"of":[8,32,47,57,86,99,119,131,145,150,160,165,189],"collaboration":[9],"online,":[10],"are":[11],"central":[12],"phenomena":[13],"within":[14],"ICT.":[15],"There":[16],"had":[17],"been":[18],"several":[19,94],"attempts":[20],"to":[21,26,52,76,109,183],"create":[22],"a":[23,120,174],"system":[24],"able":[25],"go":[27],"beyond":[28],"the":[29,45,48,50,55,63,73,84,104,106,116,123,143,148,158,161,163,166,169,187],"passive":[30],"accumulation":[31],"data.":[33],"However,":[34],"those":[35,67],"systems":[36],"often":[37],"neglect":[38],"important":[39],"variables":[40],"such":[41,78],"as":[42],"group":[43],"size,":[44],"difficulty":[46,164],"tasks,":[49],"tendency":[51],"cooperate,":[53],"presence":[56],"selfish":[58],"individuals":[59],"(free":[60],"riders).":[61],"Given":[62],"complex":[64],"relations":[65],"among":[66],"variables,":[68],"numerical":[69],"simulations":[70],"could":[71],"be":[72],"ideal":[74],"tool":[75],"explore":[77],"relationships.":[79],"We":[80],"take":[81],"into":[82],"account":[83],"cost":[85,144,188],"cooperation":[87,137,146,190],"in":[88,129,147,173],"collaborative":[89],"problem":[90],"solving":[91],"by":[92,142],"employing":[93],"simulated":[95],"scenarios.":[96],"The":[97,135],"role":[98],"two":[100],"parameters":[101],"was":[102],"explored:":[103],"capacity,":[105],"group\u2019s":[107],"capability":[108],"solve":[110],"increasingly":[111],"challenging":[112],"tasks":[113,152],"coupled":[114],"collective":[117],"knowledge":[118,133],"group,":[121],"payoff,":[124],"an":[125],"individual\u2019s":[126],"own":[127],"benefit":[128],"terms":[130],"new":[132],"acquired.":[134],"final":[136],"rate":[138],"is":[139,191],"only":[140],"affected":[141],"case":[149],"simple":[151],"small":[154],"communities.":[155],"In":[156],"contrast,":[157],"fitness":[159],"community,":[162],"task,":[167],"groups":[170],"sizes":[171],"interact":[172],"non-trivial":[175],"way,":[176],"hence":[177],"shedding":[178],"some":[179],"light":[180],"on":[181],"how":[182],"improve":[184],"crowdsourcing":[185],"when":[186],"high.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}