{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7132845669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28030266","title":"The Power of the Lorentz Quantum Computer","display_name":"The Power of the Lorentz Quantum Computer","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7132845669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28030266","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41899918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28030266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28030266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28030266","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127669545","display_name":"Qi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166846921","display_name":"Liaoning Shihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00k6c4h29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166846921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China","Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Micro-Nano Functional Materials, Fushun 113001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166846921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Micro-Nano Functional Materials, Fushun 113001, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127575131","display_name":"Biao Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141962983","display_name":"Shanghai University of Engineering Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0557b9y08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39774598","display_name":"Hefei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5rdf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China","International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China","Wilczek Quantum Center, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-5894","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39774598"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wilczek Quantum Center, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":12.1051,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9717666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"3","first_page":"266","last_page":"266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.7412999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.7412999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.05469999834895134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.02590000070631504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-machine","display_name":"Turing machine","score":0.6506999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-complexity-theory","display_name":"Quantum complexity theory","score":0.5863000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-hierarchy-theorem","display_name":"Time hierarchy theorem","score":0.5342000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complexity-class","display_name":"Complexity class","score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postselection","display_name":"Postselection","score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4341999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lorentz-transformation","display_name":"Lorentz transformation","score":0.4262999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dtime","display_name":"DTIME","score":0.42239999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29248071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163310","display_name":"Turing machine","level":3,"score":0.6506999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92043244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269023","display_name":"Quantum complexity theory","level":4,"score":0.5863000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48415503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251122","display_name":"Time hierarchy theorem","level":5,"score":0.5342000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39637292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908207","display_name":"Complexity class","level":3,"score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777061846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7234498","display_name":"Postselection","level":4,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4341999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5667645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217255","display_name":"Lorentz transformation","level":2,"score":0.4262999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15547884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155831","display_name":"DTIME","level":5,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71993908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093427","display_name":"Lorentz covariance","level":3,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.37369999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776013622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2103021","display_name":"Polynomial hierarchy","level":3,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62583473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260060","display_name":"CPT symmetry","level":4,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192061203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765620","display_name":"Quantum Turing machine","level":5,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201958364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756295","display_name":"NSPACE","level":5,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3310999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11255438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269085","display_name":"Quantum process","level":4,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91331118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628036","display_name":"NP","level":4,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190474826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495111","display_name":"Open quantum system","level":3,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43682372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269080","display_name":"Quantum operation","level":4,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9870796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490481","display_name":"Turing","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31402856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295939","display_name":"Super-recursive algorithm","level":5,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200756819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068463","display_name":"Four-momentum","level":4,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28030266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28030266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41899918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41899918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cb1b41376cbb461cba7ff00a948ecda8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cb1b41376cbb461cba7ff00a948ecda8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 28, Iss 3, p 266 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13025628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13025628/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28030266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28030266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2218941694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024YFA1409002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3955724869","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11921005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5906071419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12475018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7598817452","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92365202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7778110269","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12475011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,24],"analyze":[1],"the":[2,5,26,39,70,99,115],"power":[3],"of":[4,45],"recently":[6],"proposed":[7],"Lorentz":[8,22,31,133],"quantum":[9,32,93,134,144],"computer":[10],"(LQC),":[11],"a":[12,49,57],"theoretical":[13,140],"model":[14],"leveraging":[15],"hyperbolic":[16],"bits":[17],"(hybits)":[18],"governed":[19],"by":[20,48],"complex":[21],"transformations.":[23],"define":[25],"complexity":[27,40,128,154],"class":[28,41,44],"BLQP":[29,111,121],"(bounded-error":[30],"polynomial-time)":[33],"and":[34,81,122,129,147],"demonstrate":[35],"its":[36,148],"equivalence":[37],"to":[38,56,64,150],"P\u266fP":[42],"(the":[43],"problems":[46],"solvable":[47],"deterministic":[50],"polynomial-time":[51],"Turing":[52],"machine":[53],"with":[54,95],"access":[55],"\u266fP":[58],"oracle).":[59],"LQC":[60,89],"algorithms":[61],"are":[62],"shown":[63],"solve":[65],"NP-hard":[66],"problems,":[67],"such":[68],"as":[69],"maximum":[71],"independent":[72],"set":[73],"(MIS),":[74],"in":[75,153],"polynomial":[76,117],"time,":[77],"thereby":[78],"placing":[79],"NP":[80],"co-NP":[82],"within":[83,120],"BLQP.":[84],"Furthermore,":[85],"we":[86,113],"establish":[87],"that":[88],"can":[90],"efficiently":[91],"simulate":[92],"computing":[94,145],"postselection":[96],"(PostBQP),":[97],"while":[98],"reverse":[100],"is":[101],"not":[102],"possible,":[103],"highlighting":[104],"LQC's":[105,139],"unique":[106],"\"super-postselection\"":[107],"capability.":[108],"By":[109],"proving":[110],"=P\u266fP,":[112],"situate":[114],"entire":[116],"hierarchy":[118],"(PH)":[119],"reveal":[123],"profound":[124],"connections":[125],"between":[126],"computational":[127],"physical":[130],"frameworks":[131],"like":[132],"mechanics.":[135],"These":[136],"results":[137],"underscore":[138],"superiority":[141],"over":[142],"conventional":[143],"models":[146],"potential":[149],"redefine":[151],"boundaries":[152],"theory.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2026-03-01T00:00:00"}