{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7122436186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28010088","title":"DiCo-EXT: Diversity and Consistency-Guided Framework for Extractive Summarization","display_name":"DiCo-EXT: Diversity and Consistency-Guided Framework for Extractive Summarization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7122436186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28010088","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41593996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28010088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28010088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/28/1/88/pdf?version=1768208926","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/28/1/88/pdf?version=1768208926","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122775107","display_name":"Yiming Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122752705","display_name":"Jindong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jindong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5122752705"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05436177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"88","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9391999840736389,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9391999840736389,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.8222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.766700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.6263999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammaticality","display_name":"Grammaticality","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.37869998812675476}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.8222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.766700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6909000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.6693000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.6263999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5081999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779525943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187300","display_name":"Grammaticality","level":3,"score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202615002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783507","display_name":"Differentiable function","level":2,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.31859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28010088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28010088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/28/1/88/pdf?version=1768208926","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41593996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41593996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9d538533ece1429c8d130b99adac2a0a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9d538533ece1429c8d130b99adac2a0a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 28, Iss 1, p 88 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12840116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12840116/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28010088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28010088","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/28/1/88/pdf?version=1768208926","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.40978655219078064,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G497732088","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20220101114JC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310121","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7122436186.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7122436186.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047952076","https://openalex.org/W2888482885","https://openalex.org/W2896807716","https://openalex.org/W2963206148","https://openalex.org/W2970419734","https://openalex.org/W3035050380","https://openalex.org/W3156443832","https://openalex.org/W3158656338","https://openalex.org/W3173276974","https://openalex.org/W4206454933","https://openalex.org/W4285239851","https://openalex.org/W4311953752","https://openalex.org/W4385231981","https://openalex.org/W4389398076","https://openalex.org/W4389519918","https://openalex.org/W4391669196","https://openalex.org/W4393156821","https://openalex.org/W4394585199","https://openalex.org/W4396833112","https://openalex.org/W4399445636","https://openalex.org/W4399653118","https://openalex.org/W4401042674","https://openalex.org/W4402079455","https://openalex.org/W4403296360","https://openalex.org/W4404326594","https://openalex.org/W4404534353","https://openalex.org/W4405506903","https://openalex.org/W4408519591","https://openalex.org/W4410597218","https://openalex.org/W4410928248"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ROUGE":[0,21,116],"is":[1],"a":[2,38,48,52,57,120],"common":[3],"objective":[4],"for":[5],"extractive":[6,50],"summarization":[7],"because":[8],"n-gram":[9],"overlap":[10,78],"aligns":[11],"with":[12,25,92],"sentence-level":[13],"selection.":[14],"However,":[15],"models":[16],"that":[17,41,126],"focus":[18],"only":[19],"on":[20,103],"often":[22],"choose":[23],"sentences":[24,65],"similar":[26],"content,":[27],"and":[28,56,72,87,106,111,133],"the":[29,73,80,93],"resulting":[30],"summaries":[31],"contain":[32],"redundant":[33],"information.":[34],"We":[35],"propose":[36],"DiCo-EXT,":[37],"training":[39,128],"framework":[40],"integrates":[42],"two":[43],"new":[44],"loss":[45],"terms":[46],"into":[47],"standard":[49],"model:":[51],"semantic":[53,77],"consistency":[54,61],"term":[55],"diversity":[58,74],"penalty.":[59],"The":[60],"module":[62],"encourages":[63],"selected":[64],"to":[66,69,119],"stay":[67],"close":[68],"document-level":[70],"meaning,":[71],"penalty":[75],"reduces":[76],"within":[79],"summary.":[81],"Both":[82],"components":[83],"are":[84],"fully":[85],"differentiable":[86],"can":[88,130],"be":[89],"optimized":[90],"together":[91],"base":[94],"loss,":[95],"without":[96,135],"extra":[97],"heuristics":[98],"or":[99,139],"multi-stage":[100],"post-processing.":[101],"Experiments":[102],"CNN/DailyMail,":[104],"XSum,":[105],"WikiHow":[107],"show":[108],"lower":[109],"redundancy":[110,134],"higher":[112],"lexical":[113],"diversity,":[114],"while":[115],"remains":[117],"comparable":[118],"strong":[121],"baseline.":[122],"These":[123],"results":[124],"indicate":[125],"simple":[127],"objectives":[129],"balance":[131],"coverage":[132],"increasing":[136],"model":[137],"size":[138],"architectural":[140],"complexity.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2026-01-13T00:00:00"}