{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410301704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050512","title":"Fault Diagnosis of Planetary Gearbox Based on Hierarchical Refined Composite Multiscale Fuzzy Entropy and Optimized LSSVM","display_name":"Fault Diagnosis of Planetary Gearbox Based on Hierarchical Refined Composite Multiscale Fuzzy Entropy and Optimized LSSVM","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410301704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050512","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40422467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27050512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/5/512/pdf?version=1747035845","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/5/512/pdf?version=1747035845","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074393642","display_name":"Xin Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-7982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155285","display_name":"Suqian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f93gn72","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155285"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-7982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155285"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043954410","display_name":"Xiaolu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2999-1429"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Construction Center, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2999-1429","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Construction Center, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074393642"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155285"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":2.2244,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86532651,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"5","first_page":"512","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13891","display_name":"Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5637319087982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5537239909172058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5437477827072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.488960862159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.48613664507865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4743301272392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.47328516840934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4677344262599945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.41963380575180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3512726128101349}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5637319087982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5537239909172058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5437477827072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.488960862159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.48613664507865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4743301272392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.47328516840934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4677344262599945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.41963380575180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3512726128101349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27050512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/5/512/pdf?version=1747035845","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40422467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40422467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:12af3631a9234f58991ac472f18a6e08","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/12af3631a9234f58991ac472f18a6e08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 27, Iss 5, p 512 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12111437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12111437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27050512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/5/512/pdf?version=1747035845","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410301704.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410301704.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521862445","https://openalex.org/W1970066309","https://openalex.org/W1973176617","https://openalex.org/W1975921140","https://openalex.org/W1990995949","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2070461430","https://openalex.org/W2071438989","https://openalex.org/W2157069634","https://openalex.org/W2253618633","https://openalex.org/W2333775360","https://openalex.org/W2365322416","https://openalex.org/W2418607386","https://openalex.org/W2736642970","https://openalex.org/W2739250163","https://openalex.org/W2744376841","https://openalex.org/W2766819698","https://openalex.org/W2770344288","https://openalex.org/W2783380896","https://openalex.org/W2808286220","https://openalex.org/W2894222237","https://openalex.org/W2912025658","https://openalex.org/W2984096742","https://openalex.org/W3026881828","https://openalex.org/W3046618944","https://openalex.org/W3049760358","https://openalex.org/W3084777220","https://openalex.org/W3085427670","https://openalex.org/W3091575862","https://openalex.org/W3092068739","https://openalex.org/W3122055774","https://openalex.org/W3126242280","https://openalex.org/W3127201965","https://openalex.org/W3155703044","https://openalex.org/W3156583544","https://openalex.org/W4290958435","https://openalex.org/W4291157113","https://openalex.org/W4296307160","https://openalex.org/W4308653690","https://openalex.org/W4311176570","https://openalex.org/W4316468864","https://openalex.org/W4318681179","https://openalex.org/W4320491464","https://openalex.org/W4386122058","https://openalex.org/W4388107130","https://openalex.org/W4388750223","https://openalex.org/W4403325164","https://openalex.org/W4404996217","https://openalex.org/W4405631664","https://openalex.org/W4405825896","https://openalex.org/W6784021025"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390421286","https://openalex.org/W4280563792","https://openalex.org/W2140186469","https://openalex.org/W4389724018","https://openalex.org/W4318719684","https://openalex.org/W2775233965","https://openalex.org/W4318559728","https://openalex.org/W4360995913","https://openalex.org/W4312193868","https://openalex.org/W4308165509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Efficient":[0],"extraction":[1,32],"and":[2,33,64,108,124],"classification":[3],"of":[4,60,69,79,93],"fault":[5,13,16,91],"features":[6],"remain":[7],"critical":[8],"challenges":[9],"in":[10,120],"planetary":[11,95],"gearbox":[12,96],"diagnosis.":[14],"A":[15],"diagnosis":[17,92,125],"framework":[18],"is":[19,50,97],"proposed":[20,87,115],"that":[21,113],"integrates":[22],"hierarchical":[23,61],"refined":[24,70],"composite":[25,71],"multiscale":[26,72],"fuzzy":[27,73],"entropy":[28,62,74],"(HRCMFE)":[29],"for":[30,45,52],"feature":[31,53,122],"a":[34,86],"gray":[35],"wolf":[36],"optimization":[37],"(GWO)-optimized":[38],"least":[39],"squares":[40],"support":[41],"vector":[42],"machine":[43],"(LSSVM)":[44],"classification.":[46],"Firstly,":[47],"the":[48,57,65,77,94,100,104,114],"HRCMFE":[49],"developed":[51],"extraction,":[54],"which":[55],"combines":[56],"segmentation":[58],"advantage":[59,68],"(HE)":[63],"computational":[66],"stability":[67],"(RCMFE).":[75],"Secondly,":[76],"hyperparameters":[78],"LSSVM":[80,102],"are":[81],"optimized":[82,101],"by":[83,99],"GWO":[84],"using":[85,103],"fitness":[88],"function.":[89],"Finally,":[90],"achieved":[98],"HRCMFE-extracted":[105],"features.":[106],"Simulation":[107],"experimental":[109],"study":[110],"results":[111],"indicate":[112],"method":[116],"demonstrates":[117],"superior":[118],"effectiveness":[119],"both":[121],"discriminability":[123],"accuracy.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
