{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408054150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030255","title":"Real-Time Decoder Architecture for LDPC\u2013CPM","display_name":"Real-Time Decoder Architecture for LDPC\u2013CPM","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408054150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030255","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40149179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27030255","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030255","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/255/pdf?version=1740747894","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/255/pdf?version=1740747894","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037007988","display_name":"Erik Perrins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-4523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erik Perrins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-4523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037007988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02530766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"255","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.8845993876457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7703490257263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.7263109087944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5262807011604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-decision-decoder","display_name":"Soft-decision decoder","score":0.4762944281101227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.45734286308288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.42227569222450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.37199264764785767}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.8845993876457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7703490257263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.7263109087944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5262807011604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185588885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7553811","display_name":"Soft-decision decoder","level":3,"score":0.4762944281101227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.45734286308288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.42227569222450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.37199264764785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27030255","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030255","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/255/pdf?version=1740747894","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40149179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40149179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0adf01cc4f3a42ef97848cabba5a4a19","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0adf01cc4f3a42ef97848cabba5a4a19","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 27, Iss 3, p 255 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11940963","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11940963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27030255","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030255","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/255/pdf?version=1740747894","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408054150.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154078079","https://openalex.org/W4244085088","https://openalex.org/W406587413","https://openalex.org/W2141913236","https://openalex.org/W2353338231","https://openalex.org/W2035769530","https://openalex.org/W2064674583","https://openalex.org/W2889372359","https://openalex.org/W4299647765","https://openalex.org/W2388275429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,25,35,53,58,72,81,87,94,142,214],"iterative":[4],"decoding":[5,59,187],"of":[6,27,41,61,66,86,122,144,148,179,216],"low-density":[7],"parity":[8],"check":[9],"(LDPC)":[10],"codes":[11,48],"concatenated":[12],"with":[13,113,162,207],"continuous":[14],"phase":[15],"modulation":[16],"(CPM).":[17],"As":[18],"relevant":[19],"case":[20],"studies,":[21],"we":[22],"focus":[23],"on":[24],"family":[26],"three":[28],"CPM":[29],"waveforms":[30],"that":[31,79,108,196,212],"are":[32],"embodied":[33],"in":[34,120],"IRIG-106":[36],"aeronautical":[37],"telemetry":[38],"standard.":[39,73],"Two":[40],"these":[42,62],"CPMs":[43],"have":[44],"recently":[45],"had":[46],"LDPC":[47],"designed":[49,130],"for":[50,52,153],"them":[51],"first":[54],"time,":[55],"and":[56,83,99,165,189,219],"thus":[57],"complexity":[60,164],"new":[63],"schemes":[64],"is":[65,107,199],"interest":[67],"when":[68],"considering":[69],"adoption":[70],"into":[71],"We":[74,125,156,205],"provide":[75],"comprehensive":[76,209],"numerical":[77],"results":[78,92],"characterize":[80],"performance":[82,143],"iteration":[84],"statistics":[85],"joint":[88],"LDPC-CPM":[89,109],"decoder.":[90],"These":[91],"identify":[93],"most":[95],"advantageous":[96],"decoder":[97,160,170],"configurations":[98],"also":[100],"expose":[101],"a":[102,114,128,137,145,158,169,174,184,208],"key":[103],"design":[104,138,210],"challenge,":[105],"which":[106],"decoders":[110],"must":[111],"deal":[112],"large":[115,146,176],"\"peak":[116],"to":[117,140,202],"average\"":[118],"ratio":[119],"terms":[121],"global":[123,180,191],"iterations.":[124,192],"show":[126,166],"how":[127,167],"properly":[129],"reference":[131],"simulation":[132],"can":[133,171],"be":[134],"used":[135],"as":[136],"tool":[139],"explore":[141],"range":[147],"candidate":[149],"systems":[150],"without":[151],"need":[152],"further":[154],"simulation.":[155],"develop":[157],"real-time":[159],"architecture":[161],"fixed":[163],"such":[168],"still":[172],"achieve":[173],"relatively":[175],"maximum":[177,190],"number":[178],"iterations":[181],"by":[182],"introducing":[183],"trade-off":[185],"between":[186],"latency":[188],"Our":[193],"discussion":[194],"shows":[195],"this":[197],"scheme":[198],"generally":[200],"applicable":[201],"LDPC-based":[203],"schemes.":[204],"conclude":[206],"study":[211],"demonstrates":[213],"accuracy":[215],"our":[217],"methodology":[218],"its":[220],"attractive":[221],"performance-complexity":[222],"trade-off.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}