{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407997279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030246","title":"Sequential Discrimination of Mixed Quantum States","display_name":"Sequential Discrimination of Mixed Quantum States","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407997279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030246","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40149170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27030246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030246","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/246/pdf?version=1740648729","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/246/pdf?version=1740648729","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393287","display_name":"Jinhua Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1178-2058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28992388","display_name":"Xinzhou Teachers University","ror":"https://ror.org/01175g155","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28992388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Hua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28992388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024218860","display_name":"Fulin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7077-1001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu-Lin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057530678","display_name":"Yan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0612-9492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28992388","display_name":"Xinzhou Teachers University","ror":"https://ror.org/01175g155","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28992388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28992388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044155921","display_name":"Wei Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1766-8245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28992388","display_name":"Xinzhou Teachers University","ror":"https://ror.org/01175g155","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28992388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28992388"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087659431","display_name":"Shao-Ming Fei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-8626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shao-Ming Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-8626","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087659431"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01333173,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"246","last_page":"246"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-decoherence","display_name":"Quantum decoherence","score":0.8238791227340698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-state","display_name":"Quantum state","score":0.6021111607551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.5899343490600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5223984718322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5209758877754211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coincidence","display_name":"Coincidence","score":0.49943089485168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-channel","display_name":"Quantum channel","score":0.4729062020778656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.47221189737319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4520036578178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.3832591772079468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.31005874276161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.29307106137275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26086801290512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20519959926605225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122527463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578430","display_name":"Quantum decoherence","level":3,"score":0.8238791227340698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.6021111607551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.5899343490600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5223984718322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5209758877754211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779832538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308809","display_name":"Coincidence","level":3,"score":0.49943089485168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187486625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122176","display_name":"Quantum channel","level":4,"score":0.4729062020778656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.47221189737319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4520036578178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.3832591772079468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.31005874276161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29307106137275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26086801290512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20519959926605225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27030246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030246","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/246/pdf?version=1740648729","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40149170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40149170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:845e73d0441041d884fe7f8841e64a1a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/845e73d0441041d884fe7f8841e64a1a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 27, Iss 3, p 246 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11941526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11941526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e27030246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27030246","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/3/246/pdf?version=1740648729","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G604181186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12075159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7206151321","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12171044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407997279.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965180129","https://openalex.org/W1965430522","https://openalex.org/W1973522166","https://openalex.org/W1977672117","https://openalex.org/W2006226307","https://openalex.org/W2015736327","https://openalex.org/W2026079070","https://openalex.org/W2026538234","https://openalex.org/W2041907204","https://openalex.org/W2052916591","https://openalex.org/W2054841992","https://openalex.org/W2074308596","https://openalex.org/W2074728596","https://openalex.org/W2077132176","https://openalex.org/W2079318006","https://openalex.org/W2083026109","https://openalex.org/W2115369666","https://openalex.org/W2132301329","https://openalex.org/W2142505520","https://openalex.org/W2577398221","https://openalex.org/W2606971432","https://openalex.org/W2750386772","https://openalex.org/W2807417723","https://openalex.org/W2987223149","https://openalex.org/W3012175896","https://openalex.org/W3040996531","https://openalex.org/W3105267374","https://openalex.org/W4226091336","https://openalex.org/W6674851815"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056138576","https://openalex.org/W2461874320","https://openalex.org/W1977821353","https://openalex.org/W2064832889","https://openalex.org/W4224105394","https://openalex.org/W1808677817","https://openalex.org/W2030528692","https://openalex.org/W3099164702","https://openalex.org/W4292833745","https://openalex.org/W2951019941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Classical":[0],"mixtures":[1,26],"of":[2,22,38,47,53,63,87,110,127,147,165,174],"quantum":[3,16,151],"states":[4,40,49,91,136],"often":[5],"give":[6],"rise":[7],"to":[8,15,69],"decoherence":[9,152],"and":[10,41,89,103,170],"are":[11],"generally":[12],"considered":[13],"detrimental":[14],"processing.":[17],"However,":[18],"in":[19,117],"the":[20,35,43,51,60,64,70,74,81,84,96,108,111,123,138,144,158,163,166],"framework":[21],"sequential":[23,36,85,175],"measurement,":[24],"such":[25],"can":[27],"be":[28],"beneficial":[29],"for":[30,134,177],"state":[31],"discrimination.":[32],"We":[33,140],"investigate":[34],"discrimination":[37,86,176],"mixed":[39,90,113,135],"compare":[42],"results":[44],"with":[45,107],"those":[46],"pure":[48,71,88,178],"under":[50,73,95,100],"condition":[52,98],"equal":[54],"fidelity.":[55],"It":[56,77],"is":[57,67,78,92,121,130],"found":[58],"that":[59,80,133,143],"successful":[61,125,172],"probability":[62,126,173],"mixed-state":[65],"protocol":[66],"superior":[68],"one":[72],"equal-fidelity":[75,97],"condition.":[76],"shown":[79],"difference":[82,105],"between":[83],"more":[93],"reliable":[94],"than":[99,132],"single-shot":[101],"discrimination,":[102],"this":[104],"increases":[106],"mixability":[109],"initial":[112],"states.":[114,179],"For":[115],"scenarios":[116],"which":[118],"classical":[119,145],"communication":[120,159],"allowed,":[122],"optimal":[124,171],"pure-state":[128],"discriminations":[129],"larger":[131],"on":[137,157],"contrary.":[139],"also":[141],"show":[142],"mixture":[146],"basic":[148],"vectors":[149],"from":[150],"has":[153],"a":[154],"subtle":[155],"impact":[156],"channel":[160],"induced":[161],"by":[162],"coincidence":[164],"maximal":[167],"mutual":[168],"information":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}