{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401893127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26090720","title":"Estimation of the Impulse Response of the AWGN Channel with ISI within an Iterative Equalization and Decoding System That Uses LDPC Codes","display_name":"Estimation of the Impulse Response of the AWGN Channel with ISI within an Iterative Equalization and Decoding System That Uses LDPC Codes","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401893127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26090720","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39330055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26090720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26090720","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/9/720/pdf?version=1724406232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/9/720/pdf?version=1724406232","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054369550","display_name":"Adriana-Maria Cuc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3585-8229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162871001","display_name":"University of Oradea","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzhv093","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adriana-Maria Cuc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004534798","display_name":"Florin Lucian Morgo\u0219","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-0376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162871001","display_name":"University of Oradea","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzhv093","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florin Lucian Morgo\u0219","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017756878","display_name":"Adriana-Marcela Grava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7615-8053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162871001","display_name":"University of Oradea","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzhv093","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriana-Marcela Grava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024608696","display_name":"Cristian Grava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6316-1368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162871001","display_name":"University of Oradea","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzhv093","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Grava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024608696","https://openalex.org/A5054369550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162871001"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2166,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51866919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"9","first_page":"720","last_page":"720"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.8057917356491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.7336255311965942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.726017951965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersymbol-interference","display_name":"Intersymbol interference","score":0.6353709101676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5975748300552368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5684911608695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5184066295623779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.49219170212745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse-noise","display_name":"Impulse noise","score":0.4712042212486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","score":0.4684070944786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse-response","display_name":"Impulse response","score":0.46146920323371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equalization","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","score":0.4594676196575165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.42126885056495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.33093389868736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26585814356803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11616042256355286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.8057917356491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.7336255311965942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.726017951965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97812054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166055","display_name":"Intersymbol interference","level":3,"score":0.6353709101676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5975748300552368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5684911608695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5184066295623779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.49219170212745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127372701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16979398","display_name":"Impulse noise","level":3,"score":0.4712042212486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70836080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837940","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4684070944786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72279823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139726","display_name":"Impulse response","level":2,"score":0.46146920323371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75755367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104531076","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","level":3,"score":0.4594676196575165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42126885056495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.33093389868736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26585814356803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11616042256355286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26090720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26090720","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/9/720/pdf?version=1724406232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39330055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39330055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11431465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11431465","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11431465/pdf/entropy-26-00720.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b3c77fb16f7c41a6ab12a08da45fa1ba","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b3c77fb16f7c41a6ab12a08da45fa1ba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 26, Iss 9, p 720 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/26/9/720/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26090720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26090720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26090720","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/9/720/pdf?version=1724406232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401893127.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401893127.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607912402","https://openalex.org/W2158683778","https://openalex.org/W2317150471","https://openalex.org/W2473995246","https://openalex.org/W2736464999","https://openalex.org/W2737126603","https://openalex.org/W2790676057","https://openalex.org/W2902757938","https://openalex.org/W2981819389","https://openalex.org/W3000312214","https://openalex.org/W3098927376","https://openalex.org/W3172195905","https://openalex.org/W3190727043","https://openalex.org/W3191368660","https://openalex.org/W3201456790","https://openalex.org/W3215050754","https://openalex.org/W4243844450","https://openalex.org/W4280608426","https://openalex.org/W4281768438","https://openalex.org/W4285263162","https://openalex.org/W4304687398","https://openalex.org/W4307313341","https://openalex.org/W4307939214","https://openalex.org/W4311108124","https://openalex.org/W4312337903","https://openalex.org/W4316661032","https://openalex.org/W4319983887","https://openalex.org/W4321770460","https://openalex.org/W4386630809","https://openalex.org/W4388661911","https://openalex.org/W6799317283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080607100","https://openalex.org/W4289655494","https://openalex.org/W1984351496","https://openalex.org/W2171154110","https://openalex.org/W2169741682","https://openalex.org/W2109149355","https://openalex.org/W2886957319","https://openalex.org/W2047207224","https://openalex.org/W1542002492","https://openalex.org/W1990532762"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"new":[3],"schemes":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"proposed":[7],"for":[8],"the":[9,12,39,42,51,55,67,74,82,86,89,93,100,107,111,114,121,124,129,137,141,151,159,168,176,180,186,194,198,201],"estimation":[10,181],"of":[11,41,54,88,113,123,136,140,170,175,200],"additive":[13],"white":[14],"Gaussian":[15],"noise":[16],"(AWGN)":[17],"channel":[18,57,142],"with":[19,128],"intersymbol":[20],"interference":[21],"(ISI)":[22],"in":[23,46,131,156],"an":[24],"iterative":[25],"equalization":[26],"and":[27,77,103,189],"decoding":[28],"system":[29],"using":[30,62,81,106],"low-density":[31],"parity":[32],"check":[33],"(LDPC)":[34],"codes.":[35],"This":[36],"article":[37],"explores":[38],"use":[40],"least":[43],"squares":[44],"algorithm":[45],"various":[47],"scenarios.":[48],"For":[49],"example,":[50],"impulse":[52,68,94,138,177],"response":[53,69,95,139,178],"AWGN":[56],"h":[58],"was":[59,70,96],"initially":[60],"estimated":[61,84,109],"a":[63,133,172],"training":[64,75,101,187],"sequence.":[65],"Subsequently,":[66],"calculated":[71,97],"based":[72,98,184],"on":[73,99,149,185],"sequence":[76,83,102,108,188,195],"then":[78,190],"re-estimated":[79,104,191],"once":[80],"from":[85,110,193,197],"output":[87,112,199],"LDPC":[90,115,202],"decoder.":[91,116,203],"Lastly,":[92],"twice":[105,192],"Comparisons":[117],"were":[118],"made":[119],"between":[120],"performances":[122],"three":[125],"mentioned":[126],"situations,":[127],"situation":[130],"which":[132],"perfect":[134,173],"estimate":[135,174],"is":[143,182],"assumed.":[144],"The":[145,162],"performance":[146,164],"analysis":[147],"focused":[148],"how":[150],"bit":[152],"error":[153],"rate":[154],"changes":[155],"relation":[157],"to":[158,167],"signal-to-noise":[160],"ratio.":[161],"BER":[163],"comes":[165],"close":[166],"scenario":[169],"having":[171],"when":[179],"performed":[183],"obtained":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T06:13:28.667946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}