{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396666475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050404","title":"Importance of Characteristic Features and Their Form for Data Exploration","display_name":"Importance of Characteristic Features and Their Form for Data Exploration","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396666475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050404","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38785653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26050404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050404","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/404/pdf?version=1714981754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/404/pdf?version=1714981754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010393120","display_name":"Urszula Sta\u0144czyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-7187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Urszula Sta\u0144czyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Graphics, Vision and Digital Systems, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Graphics, Vision and Digital Systems, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016219113","display_name":"Beata Zielosko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3788-1094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087266","display_name":"Institute of Computer Science","ror":"https://ror.org/003fvp964","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087266","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I864159182","display_name":"University of Silesia in Katowice","ror":"https://ror.org/0104rcc94","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I864159182"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beata Zielosko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, B\u0229dzi\u0144ska 39, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, B\u0229dzi\u0144ska 39, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I864159182","https://openalex.org/I4210087266"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019214051","display_name":"Grzegorz Baron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8613-631X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grzegorz Baron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Graphics, Vision and Digital Systems, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Graphics, Vision and Digital Systems, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010393120"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.695,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73351626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"5","first_page":"404","last_page":"404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.7535220384597778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7378908395767212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.6975746750831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.6382968425750732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6048656105995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5876595973968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5860923528671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5500019788742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5336518883705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5192537307739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.5175018310546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.483636736869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4555354118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4483993947505951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4104984998703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3371841311454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17903241515159607}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.7535220384597778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7378908395767212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.6975746750831604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6382968425750732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6048656105995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5876595973968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5860923528671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5500019788742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5336518883705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5192537307739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.5175018310546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.483636736869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4555354118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4483993947505951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4104984998703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3371841311454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17903241515159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26050404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050404","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/404/pdf?version=1714981754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38785653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38785653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11119179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11119179","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11119179/pdf/entropy-26-00404.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0afa773a592c49be93d763d501e61020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0afa773a592c49be93d763d501e61020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 26, Iss 5, p 404 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26050404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050404","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/404/pdf?version=1714981754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324727","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328948","display_name":"Uniwersytet \u015al\u0105ski w Katowicach","ror":"https://ror.org/0104rcc94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396666475.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1208489","https://openalex.org/W140777655","https://openalex.org/W1585394501","https://openalex.org/W1585743408","https://openalex.org/W1604548007","https://openalex.org/W1808644423","https://openalex.org/W1817561967","https://openalex.org/W1983661866","https://openalex.org/W2017337590","https://openalex.org/W2022316637","https://openalex.org/W2040884411","https://openalex.org/W2054658115","https://openalex.org/W2060359852","https://openalex.org/W2062051372","https://openalex.org/W2097994458","https://openalex.org/W2100837440","https://openalex.org/W2122379760","https://openalex.org/W2132166479","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2135511047","https://openalex.org/W2140785063","https://openalex.org/W2173160936","https://openalex.org/W2183658013","https://openalex.org/W2477674601","https://openalex.org/W2790031975","https://openalex.org/W2888953431","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2998216295","https://openalex.org/W3016300374","https://openalex.org/W3097170469","https://openalex.org/W3103913776","https://openalex.org/W3200778886","https://openalex.org/W3203900641","https://openalex.org/W4205431832","https://openalex.org/W4205699531","https://openalex.org/W4205930639","https://openalex.org/W4211134195","https://openalex.org/W4212924770","https://openalex.org/W4220923620","https://openalex.org/W4243367342","https://openalex.org/W4250089123","https://openalex.org/W4296403634","https://openalex.org/W4303699812","https://openalex.org/W4308198594","https://openalex.org/W4366758152","https://openalex.org/W4385989247","https://openalex.org/W4387427279","https://openalex.org/W6635046684","https://openalex.org/W6678836955","https://openalex.org/W6686206910","https://openalex.org/W6813316606","https://openalex.org/W6856733193","https://openalex.org/W7066667914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085384747","https://openalex.org/W2088166309","https://openalex.org/W1891216533","https://openalex.org/W2106071040","https://openalex.org/W4312133475","https://openalex.org/W2150136235","https://openalex.org/W2053591227","https://openalex.org/W2581240705","https://openalex.org/W2041353081","https://openalex.org/W2568183987"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,99],"nature":[1],"of":[2,8,15,32,56,84,101,109,138,145,164,181],"the":[3,9,30,33,79,82,107,113,123,127,135,155,158,162,169],"input":[4],"features":[5,85],"is":[6],"one":[7],"key":[10],"factors":[11],"indicating":[12],"what":[13],"kind":[14],"tools,":[16],"methods,":[17],"or":[18,43,73],"approaches":[19],"can":[20,68,103],"be":[21,104],"used":[22],"in":[23],"a":[24,87,93,143],"knowledge":[25],"discovery":[26],"process.":[27],"Depending":[28],"on":[29,96,132],"characteristics":[31],"available":[34],"attributes,":[35],"some":[36,76],"techniques":[37],"could":[38],"lead":[39],"to":[40,65,112,154],"unsatisfactory":[41],"performance":[42],"even":[44,74],"may":[45],"not":[46],"proceed":[47],"at":[48],"all":[49],"without":[50],"additional":[51],"preprocessing":[52],"steps.":[53],"types":[55],"variables":[57],"and":[58,116,148,161,176],"their":[59,66],"domains":[60],"affect":[61],"performance.":[62],"Any":[63],"changes":[64],"form":[67,129],"influence":[69],"it":[70],"as":[71,120],"well,":[72],"enable":[75],"learners.":[77],"On":[78],"other":[80],"hand,":[81],"relevance":[83,133],"for":[86,184],"task":[88,163],"constitutes":[89],"another":[90],"element":[91],"with":[92],"noticeable":[94],"impact":[95],"data":[97,128],"exploration.":[98],"importance":[100],"attributes":[102],"estimated":[105],"through":[106],"application":[108],"mechanisms":[110],"belonging":[111],"feature":[114],"selection":[115],"reduction":[117],"area,":[118],"such":[119],"rankings.":[121],"In":[122],"described":[124],"research":[125],"framework,":[126],"was":[130],"conditioned":[131],"by":[134,142],"proposed":[136],"procedure":[137],"gradual":[139],"discretisation":[140,150],"controlled":[141],"ranking":[144],"attributes.":[146],"Supervised":[147],"unsupervised":[149],"methods":[151],"were":[152,174],"employed":[153],"datasets":[156],"from":[157],"stylometric":[159],"domain":[160],"binary":[165],"authorship":[166],"attribution.":[167],"For":[168],"selected":[170],"classifiers,":[171],"extensive":[172],"tests":[173],"performed":[175],"they":[177],"indicated":[178],"many":[179],"cases":[180],"enhanced":[182],"prediction":[183],"partially":[185],"discretised":[186],"datasets.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
