{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396510528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050387","title":"On the Accurate Estimation of Information-Theoretic Quantities from Multi-Dimensional Sample Data","display_name":"On the Accurate Estimation of Information-Theoretic Quantities from Multi-Dimensional Sample Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396510528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050387","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38785636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26050387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050387","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/387/pdf?version=1715248728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/387/pdf?version=1715248728","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020279098","display_name":"Manuel \u00c1lvarez Chaves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8990-3785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel \u00c1lvarez Chaves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2075, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8990-3785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2075, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045129894","display_name":"Hoshin V. Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoshin V. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9855-2839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059047105","display_name":"Uwe Ehret","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3454-8755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uwe Ehret","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Water and River Basin Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3454-8755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Water and River Basin Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013413231","display_name":"Anneli Guthke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-1603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anneli Guthke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2075, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-1603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science, Cluster of Excellence EXC 2075, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020279098"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":3.3057,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92826177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"5","first_page":"387","last_page":"387"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12261","display_name":"Statistical Mechanics and Entropy","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6732373833656311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.672918438911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","score":0.6060798168182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.5995018482208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size-determination","display_name":"Sample size determination","score":0.5362898707389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.5233603715896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.4921216368675232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.469226211309433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4544757008552551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kullback\u2013leibler-divergence","display_name":"Kullback\u2013Leibler divergence","score":0.44746264815330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.43832823634147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43618670105934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.4343249201774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.41081491112709045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26619425415992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.23211121559143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21523958444595337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6732373833656311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.672918438911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.6060798168182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5995018482208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.5362898707389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.5233603715896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.4921216368675232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.469226211309433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4544757008552551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171752962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255166","display_name":"Kullback\u2013Leibler divergence","level":2,"score":0.44746264815330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.43832823634147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43618670105934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.4343249201774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.41081491112709045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26619425415992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.23211121559143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21523958444595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26050387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050387","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/387/pdf?version=1715248728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38785636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38785636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11119730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11119730","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11119730/pdf/entropy-26-00387.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8539a03db53e40ad8bc6e80f1a7795f0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8539a03db53e40ad8bc6e80f1a7795f0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 26, Iss 5, p 387 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26050387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050387","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/5/387/pdf?version=1715248728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5010196002","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EXC 2075 \u2013 390740016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5999225373","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EXC 2075\u2013390740016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8224427444","display_name":"Einheitliche diagnostische Bewertung von physikalischbasierten, datengetriebenen und hybriden hydrologischen Modellen mittels Informationstheorie","funder_award_id":"507884992","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334747","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00f44np30"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396510528.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525415266","https://openalex.org/W1540375479","https://openalex.org/W1580060102","https://openalex.org/W1969193250","https://openalex.org/W1973750856","https://openalex.org/W1982366717","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2006245542","https://openalex.org/W2014268383","https://openalex.org/W2023504949","https://openalex.org/W2027665171","https://openalex.org/W2029140344","https://openalex.org/W2048092465","https://openalex.org/W2062865414","https://openalex.org/W2080722576","https://openalex.org/W2086839920","https://openalex.org/W2092939357","https://openalex.org/W2118020555","https://openalex.org/W2122378596","https://openalex.org/W2133777675","https://openalex.org/W2137460067","https://openalex.org/W2150879893","https://openalex.org/W2336509789","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2552395941","https://openalex.org/W2586262377","https://openalex.org/W2754466741","https://openalex.org/W2789700415","https://openalex.org/W2810939025","https://openalex.org/W2895193595","https://openalex.org/W2921387616","https://openalex.org/W2963113682","https://openalex.org/W2972976624","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W3087328573","https://openalex.org/W3099878876","https://openalex.org/W3103145119","https://openalex.org/W3130692597","https://openalex.org/W3172936753","https://openalex.org/W4240429068","https://openalex.org/W4249875616","https://openalex.org/W4283710389","https://openalex.org/W4283791593","https://openalex.org/W4287329556","https://openalex.org/W4308012639","https://openalex.org/W6703140735","https://openalex.org/W6752051073","https://openalex.org/W6839320948"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482149696","https://openalex.org/W4225940264","https://openalex.org/W2583877436","https://openalex.org/W2144201579","https://openalex.org/W3123419490","https://openalex.org/W2977337932","https://openalex.org/W2551182807","https://openalex.org/W4383822431","https://openalex.org/W4311428604","https://openalex.org/W2007242302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"information-theoretic":[1,96,198,217,267],"quantities":[2,38,268],"in":[3,23,84,128,232,252,277,281],"practical":[4],"applications":[5],"with":[6,80,179],"continuous":[7],"data":[8,278],"is":[9],"often":[10],"hindered":[11],"by":[12,75,269],"the":[13,61,95,110,137,154,188,193,203,207,210,215,234,248,264,275],"fact":[14],"that":[15],"probability":[16],"density":[17],"functions":[18],"need":[19],"to":[20,71,93,114,133,166,262,273],"be":[21],"estimated":[22],"higher":[24],"dimensions,":[25],"which":[26],"can":[27],"become":[28],"unreliable":[29],"or":[30,117],"even":[31],"computationally":[32],"unfeasible.":[33],"To":[34],"make":[35],"these":[36,64,81],"useful":[37],"more":[39],"accessible,":[40],"alternative":[41],"approaches":[42],"such":[43],"as":[44,140,212,214],"binned":[45],"frequencies":[46],"using":[47],"histograms":[48],"and":[49,101,148,158,175,190,230,242,271,279],"k-nearest":[50],"neighbors":[51],"(k-NN)":[52],"have":[53,246],"been":[54,67],"proposed.":[55],"However,":[56],"a":[57,108,141,253],"systematic":[58],"comparison":[59],"of":[60,63,125,143,192,205,209,266],"applicability":[62],"methods":[65,196,251],"has":[66],"lacking.":[68],"We":[69,120,135,151,245],"wish":[70,92],"fill":[72],"this":[73],"gap":[74],"comparing":[76],"kernel-density-based":[77],"estimation":[78,164,176,195,223,250],"(KDE)":[79],"two":[82],"alternatives":[83],"carefully":[85],"designed":[86],"synthetic":[87],"test":[88],"cases.":[89],"Specifically,":[90],"we":[91],"estimate":[94],"quantities:":[97],"entropy,":[98],"Kullback\u2013Leibler":[99],"divergence,":[100],"mutual":[102],"information,":[103],"from":[104,123,131],"sample":[105,144],"data.":[106,181,244],"As":[107],"reference,":[109],"results":[111],"are":[112],"compared":[113,249],"closed-form":[115],"solutions":[116],"numerical":[118],"integrals.":[119],"generate":[121],"samples":[122],"distributions":[124],"various":[126,282],"shapes":[127],"dimensions":[129],"ranging":[130],"one":[132],"ten.":[134],"evaluate":[136,274],"estimators\u2019":[138],"performance":[139],"function":[142],"size,":[145],"distribution":[146],"characteristics,":[147],"chosen":[149],"hyperparameters.":[150],"further":[152],"compare":[153],"required":[155],"computation":[156],"time":[157],"specific":[159,240],"implementation":[160],"challenges.":[161],"Notably,":[162],"k-NN":[163],"tends":[165],"outperform":[167],"other":[168],"methods,":[169],"considering":[170,206,238],"algorithmic":[171],"implementation,":[172],"computational":[173],"efficiency,":[174],"accuracy,":[177],"especially":[178],"sufficient":[180],"This":[182],"study":[183],"provides":[184],"valuable":[185],"insights":[186],"into":[187],"strengths":[189],"limitations":[191],"different":[194],"for":[197],"quantities.":[199],"It":[200],"also":[201],"highlights":[202],"significance":[204],"characteristics":[208],"data,":[211],"well":[213],"targeted":[216],"quantity":[218],"when":[219],"selecting":[220],"an":[221],"appropriate":[222],"technique.":[224],"These":[225],"findings":[226],"will":[227],"assist":[228],"scientists":[229],"practitioners":[231,272],"choosing":[233],"most":[235],"suitable":[236],"method,":[237],"their":[239],"application":[241],"available":[243],"collected":[247],"ready-to-use":[254],"open-source":[255],"Python":[256],"3":[257],"toolbox":[258],"and,":[259],"thereby,":[260],"hope":[261],"promote":[263],"use":[265],"researchers":[270],"information":[276],"models":[280],"disciplines.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}