{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392376751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26030230","title":"Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition","display_name":"Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392376751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26030230","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38539741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26030230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26030230","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230/pdf?version=1709457151","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230/pdf?version=1709457151","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017775824","display_name":"Sabre Kais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-5346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabre Kais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-5346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017775824"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":0.2182,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4273192,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"230","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10425","display_name":"Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10425","display_name":"Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11965","display_name":"Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-phase-transition","display_name":"Quantum phase transition","score":0.7927003502845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamic-limit","display_name":"Thermodynamic limit","score":0.6501504182815552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-critical-point","display_name":"Quantum critical point","score":0.6466600298881531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticality","display_name":"Criticality","score":0.6174589991569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.5917559266090393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-transition","display_name":"Phase transition","score":0.5550678372383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5547639727592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-phases","display_name":"Quantum phases","score":0.540097713470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5282494425773621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.49333205819129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-phenomena","display_name":"Critical phenomena","score":0.4908321499824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.4213283658027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1864393651485443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08030223846435547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72190298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118253","display_name":"Quantum phase transition","level":3,"score":0.7927003502845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54021167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1103484","display_name":"Thermodynamic limit","level":2,"score":0.6501504182815552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146366752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269030","display_name":"Quantum critical point","level":4,"score":0.6466600298881531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125611927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008131","display_name":"Criticality","level":2,"score":0.6174589991569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5917559266090393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149288129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185357","display_name":"Phase transition","level":2,"score":0.5550678372383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5547639727592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80891386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269084","display_name":"Quantum phases","level":4,"score":0.540097713470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5282494425773621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.49333205819129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194807282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900634","display_name":"Critical phenomena","level":3,"score":0.4908321499824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4213283658027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1864393651485443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08030223846435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26030230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26030230","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230/pdf?version=1709457151","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38539741","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38539741","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2472037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2472037","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2472037","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10968852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10968852","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10968852/pdf/entropy-26-00230.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:840e42adfc6b48bd96839c40878bc318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/840e42adfc6b48bd96839c40878bc318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 26, Iss 3, p 230 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e26030230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e26030230","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230/pdf?version=1709457151","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1074653521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1955907","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1673814530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0019215,","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1884122058","display_name":"QUANTUM COMPUTING ALGORITHMS AND APPLICATIONS FOR COHERENT AND STRONGLY CORRELATED CHEMICAL SYSTEMS","funder_award_id":"DESC0019215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2257628570","display_name":"QUANTUM COMPUTING ALGORITHMS AND APPLICATIONS FOR COHERENT AND STRONGLY CORRELATED CHEMICAL SYSTEMS","funder_award_id":"DESC0019215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G286179701","display_name":"Near Term Applications of Quantum Machine Learning Techniques to Quantum Chemistry","funder_award_id":"1955907","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8420325161","display_name":"CCI Phase I: NSF Center for Quantum Dynamics on Modular Quantum Devices (CQD-MQD)","funder_award_id":"2124511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05mg91w61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392376751.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392376751.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W382441907","https://openalex.org/W587044833","https://openalex.org/W1521839846","https://openalex.org/W1643081955","https://openalex.org/W1871137248","https://openalex.org/W1989563849","https://openalex.org/W2026799245","https://openalex.org/W2033456643","https://openalex.org/W2100563046","https://openalex.org/W2172296378","https://openalex.org/W2517746669","https://openalex.org/W2610781286","https://openalex.org/W2798111878","https://openalex.org/W3021454829","https://openalex.org/W3091222663","https://openalex.org/W3091920321","https://openalex.org/W3107895271","https://openalex.org/W3120123184","https://openalex.org/W3127463747","https://openalex.org/W3132474769","https://openalex.org/W3154924865","https://openalex.org/W3174386259","https://openalex.org/W3212402044","https://openalex.org/W4205877623","https://openalex.org/W4207064020","https://openalex.org/W4214834354","https://openalex.org/W4372272275","https://openalex.org/W4382602065","https://openalex.org/W4386032722","https://openalex.org/W4389429556","https://openalex.org/W6637008681"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2500387597","https://openalex.org/W4292185164","https://openalex.org/W4296668438","https://openalex.org/W3105744973","https://openalex.org/W2506768234","https://openalex.org/W2198941145","https://openalex.org/W2061303582","https://openalex.org/W2035557321","https://openalex.org/W1984968250","https://openalex.org/W1975318099"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Phase":[0],"transitions":[1,144],"happen":[2],"at":[3,32,155],"critical":[4,13,21,53,121],"values":[5],"of":[6,39,84,126,141,166,176],"the":[7,12,24,33,37,49,52,69,73,76,82,119,139,162,169,174],"controlling":[8,90],"parameters,":[9,54],"such":[10],"as":[11,158],"temperature":[14],"in":[15,23,75,81,131,145],"classical":[16],"phase":[17,104,129,143,160],"transitions,":[18],"and":[19,78,89,93,164],"system":[20,67],"parameters":[22],"quantum":[25,103,120,128,142,159],"case.":[26],"However,":[27],"true":[28],"criticality":[29],"happens":[30],"only":[31],"thermodynamic":[34,70],"limit,":[35],"when":[36],"number":[38],"particles":[40],"goes":[41],"to":[42,61,68,117],"infinity":[43],"with":[44],"constant":[45],"density.":[46],"To":[47,106],"perform":[48],"calculations":[50],"for":[51,112,172],"a":[55,65,127,132],"finite-size":[56,110],"scaling":[57,111],"approach":[58],"was":[59,115],"developed":[60,116],"extrapolate":[62],"information":[63],"from":[64],"finite":[66,100,113,146],"limit.":[71],"With":[72],"advancement":[74],"experimental":[77],"theoretical":[79],"work":[80],"field":[83],"ultra-cold":[85,156],"systems,":[86,95],"particularly":[87],"trapping":[88],"single":[91,133],"atomic":[92],"molecular":[94],"one":[96],"can":[97],"ask:":[98],"do":[99],"systems":[101,114],"exhibit":[102],"transition?":[105],"address":[107],"this":[108],"question,":[109],"calculate":[118],"parameters.":[122],"The":[123],"recent":[124],"observation":[125],"transition":[130],"trapped":[134],"171":[135],"Yb+":[136],"ion":[137],"indicates":[138],"possibility":[140],"systems.":[147],"This":[148],"perspective":[149],"focuses":[150],"on":[151],"examining":[152],"chemical":[153,167],"processes":[154,171],"temperatures,":[157],"transitions\u2014particularly":[161],"formation":[163],"dissociation":[165],"bonds\u2014are":[168],"basic":[170],"understanding":[173],"whole":[175],"chemistry.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}