{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386422766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25091294","title":"Conserving Semantic Unit Information and Simplifying Syntactic Constituents to Improve Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition","display_name":"Conserving Semantic Unit Information and Simplifying Syntactic Constituents to Improve Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386422766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25091294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25091294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25091294","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/9/1294/pdf?version=1693818925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/9/1294/pdf?version=1693818925","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021816365","display_name":"Zhongyang Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongyang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085129745","display_name":"Yue Cong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2741-664X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006545795","display_name":"Yuhan Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4332-0234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017234937","display_name":"Chengliang Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengliang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101404831","display_name":"Ximing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8670-8031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ximing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057638577","display_name":"Jing Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-7802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057638577"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.3521,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66025945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"9","first_page":"1294","last_page":"1294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8370208144187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7685304880142212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.7377333641052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.7042481303215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.675805926322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.5657472610473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.557232677936554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5155782103538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4767214357852936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.42736825346946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.16735884547233582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11175206303596497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.09356597065925598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0695425271987915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8370208144187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7685304880142212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.7377333641052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.7042481303215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.675805926322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.5657472610473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.557232677936554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5155782103538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4767214357852936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.42736825346946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16735884547233582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11175206303596497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.09356597065925598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0695425271987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25091294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25091294","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/9/1294/pdf?version=1693818925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10529030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10529030","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10529030/pdf/entropy-25-01294.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42782ebbb0144ae8a967aadd3e0c7cc7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42782ebbb0144ae8a967aadd3e0c7cc7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 25, Iss 9, p 1294 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/25/9/1294/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25091294","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25091294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25091294","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/9/1294/pdf?version=1693818925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477544716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guangdong","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2670027177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PCL2021A09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3247949200","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PCL2022A03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3533243440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1800702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4035372584","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20220102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4092121983","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019B010136003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7174558747","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Group","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7609744423","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7912616547","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KCXTD007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8485754496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2201020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8496862780","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB2012402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G853468379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PCL2021A02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8955107213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Major","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386422766.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21113628","https://openalex.org/W102059219","https://openalex.org/W1855867616","https://openalex.org/W2109462987","https://openalex.org/W2120136138","https://openalex.org/W2148404145","https://openalex.org/W2150815390","https://openalex.org/W2151873717","https://openalex.org/W2175392422","https://openalex.org/W2235937837","https://openalex.org/W2250201115","https://openalex.org/W2250249423","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2250965765","https://openalex.org/W2251454145","https://openalex.org/W2252212014","https://openalex.org/W2295947277","https://openalex.org/W2515462165","https://openalex.org/W2516976960","https://openalex.org/W2622320135","https://openalex.org/W2740924633","https://openalex.org/W2741217076","https://openalex.org/W2788672547","https://openalex.org/W2797585226","https://openalex.org/W2864258299","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2905471643","https://openalex.org/W2919278763","https://openalex.org/W2962929649","https://openalex.org/W2963926728","https://openalex.org/W2970474271","https://openalex.org/W2979390460","https://openalex.org/W2995416727","https://openalex.org/W3022550689","https://openalex.org/W3031430352","https://openalex.org/W3034403033","https://openalex.org/W3035366542","https://openalex.org/W3095995985","https://openalex.org/W3179379645","https://openalex.org/W3194836374","https://openalex.org/W3201254286","https://openalex.org/W4205270295","https://openalex.org/W4226157820","https://openalex.org/W4292826151","https://openalex.org/W4310895557","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6684159759","https://openalex.org/W6684468177","https://openalex.org/W6691459281","https://openalex.org/W6742441274","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6805752848","https://openalex.org/W6981677654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W579810227","https://openalex.org/W2952780262","https://openalex.org/W2979495269","https://openalex.org/W2375873920","https://openalex.org/W2392917763","https://openalex.org/W2083429127","https://openalex.org/W2183306018","https://openalex.org/W2146114872","https://openalex.org/W2549990292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Implicit":[0],"discourse":[1,14,51],"relation":[2],"recognition":[3],"(IDRR)":[4],"has":[5],"long":[6],"been":[7],"considered":[8],"a":[9,65,90,96,104,110,117],"challenging":[10],"problem":[11],"in":[12,59,192],"shallow":[13],"parsing.":[15],"The":[16,127],"absence":[17],"of":[18,33,67,137,164,201],"connectives":[19],"makes":[20],"such":[21],"relations":[22],"implicit":[23],"and":[24,109,120,150,195],"requires":[25],"much":[26],"more":[27,118],"effort":[28],"to":[29,40,48,64,88,99,115,123,169,197],"understand":[30],"the":[31,34,42,50,102,125,135,141,147,152,165,171,174,189,193,199],"semantics":[32,68],"text.":[35],"Thus,":[36],"it":[37],"is":[38],"important":[39],"preserve":[41],"semantic":[43,79,94,138,190],"completeness":[44],"before":[45],"any":[46],"attempt":[47],"predict":[49],"relation.":[52],"However,":[53],"word":[54,156,178],"level":[55,136,179,186],"embedding,":[56],"widely":[57],"used":[58],"existing":[60],"works,":[61],"may":[62],"lead":[63],"loss":[66],"by":[69],"splitting":[70],"some":[71],"phrases":[72],"that":[73,183],"should":[74],"be":[75,132,144],"treated":[76],"as":[77,101,155],"complete":[78,93],"units.":[80],"In":[81],"this":[82],"article,":[83],"we":[84],"proposed":[85],"three":[86],"methods":[87,161],"segment":[89],"sentence":[91,129,194],"into":[92,146,162],"units:":[95],"corpus-based":[97],"method":[98,114],"serve":[100],"baseline,":[103],"constituent":[105],"parsing":[106,112],"tree-based":[107,113],"method,":[108],"dependency":[111],"provide":[116],"flexible":[119],"automatic":[121],"way":[122],"divide":[124],"sentence.":[126],"segmented":[128],"will":[130],"then":[131],"embedded":[133],"at":[134],"units":[139],"so":[140],"embeddings":[142],"could":[143],"fed":[145],"IDRR":[148,167,202],"networks":[149],"play":[151],"same":[153],"role":[154],"embeddings.":[157,180],"We":[158],"implemented":[159],"our":[160],"one":[163],"recent":[166],"models":[168],"compare":[170],"performance":[172,200],"with":[173],"original":[175],"version":[176],"using":[177],"Results":[181],"show":[182],"proper":[184],"embedding":[185],"better":[187],"conserves":[188],"information":[191],"helps":[196],"enhance":[198],"models.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2023-09-05T00:00:00"}
