{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379144678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25060889","title":"A Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on the WOA-VMD and the GAT","display_name":"A Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on the WOA-VMD and the GAT","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379144678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25060889","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37372233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25060889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25060889","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/889/pdf?version=1685615183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/889/pdf?version=1685615183","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100455001","display_name":"Yaping Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100188998","display_name":"Harbin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6y1282","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394015","display_name":"Sheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3698-2806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100188998","display_name":"Harbin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6y1282","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102965525","display_name":"Ruofan Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100188998","display_name":"Harbin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6y1282","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruofan Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101948386","display_name":"Di Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-2189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100188998","display_name":"Harbin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6y1282","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008311480","display_name":"Yuqi Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9914-7381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100188998","display_name":"Harbin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6y1282","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008311480"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100188998"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":7.6313,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97958222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"6","first_page":"889","last_page":"889"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6055338978767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","score":0.5833635330200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5626491904258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5437530279159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5342655777931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.4865552484989166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.4718582332134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.47153574228286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40216052532196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.357517808675766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3360643982887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.1647597849369049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07059431076049805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6055338978767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199978012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.5833635330200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5626491904258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5437530279159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5342655777931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.4865552484989166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.4718582332134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.47153574228286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40216052532196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.357517808675766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3360643982887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1647597849369049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07059431076049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25060889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25060889","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/889/pdf?version=1685615183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37372233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37372233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10297535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10297535","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10297535/pdf/entropy-25-00889.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:68be508999e14d30aca3954c1258c081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/68be508999e14d30aca3954c1258c081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 25, Iss 6, p 889 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/25/6/889/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 25; Issue 6; Pages: 889","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25060889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25060889","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/889/pdf?version=1685615183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5959541805","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52175502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379144678.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W243674440","https://openalex.org/W1027317166","https://openalex.org/W2005523062","https://openalex.org/W2087921403","https://openalex.org/W2124157143","https://openalex.org/W2146842127","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2760378962","https://openalex.org/W2905833087","https://openalex.org/W3005486352","https://openalex.org/W3010238147","https://openalex.org/W3011667710","https://openalex.org/W3036208431","https://openalex.org/W3095770430","https://openalex.org/W3102554652","https://openalex.org/W3108847889","https://openalex.org/W3110510730","https://openalex.org/W3113295025","https://openalex.org/W3117055840","https://openalex.org/W3118616132","https://openalex.org/W3121022549","https://openalex.org/W3157123770","https://openalex.org/W3168417671","https://openalex.org/W3197114051","https://openalex.org/W3197457608","https://openalex.org/W4200473862","https://openalex.org/W4236499351","https://openalex.org/W4289868147","https://openalex.org/W6649363203","https://openalex.org/W6745206754","https://openalex.org/W6788836550","https://openalex.org/W6794167825","https://openalex.org/W6796455409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371100988","https://openalex.org/W4200255588","https://openalex.org/W2347401700","https://openalex.org/W2380593055","https://openalex.org/W2352524557","https://openalex.org/W2390890515","https://openalex.org/W2594567802","https://openalex.org/W2034217055","https://openalex.org/W2379330567","https://openalex.org/W2352072136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,20,208],"complex":[1],"industrial":[2],"environments,":[3],"the":[4,8,24,29,39,47,67,74,81,85,93,100,104,124,135,138,142,151,163,168,176,187,191,194,197,209,215,218,233,239],"vibration":[5],"signal":[6,64,192],"of":[7,26,167,190,196,204,211,217,232,243],"rolling":[9,32,170,212],"bearing":[10,33,171,213],"is":[11,52,69,88,96,109,147,159,228],"covered":[12],"by":[13],"noise,":[14],"which":[15,95,227],"makes":[16],"fault":[17,34,164],"diagnosis":[18,35,165,210,221,240],"inaccurate.":[19],"order":[21,173],"to":[22,54,71,98,111,133,149,161,174],"overcome":[23],"effect":[25,58,185],"noise":[27,136,183,205],"on":[28,38],"signal,":[30,126],"a":[31,120,201],"method":[36,108,146],"based":[37],"WOA-VMD":[40],"(Whale":[41],"Optimization":[42],"Algorithm-Variational":[43],"Mode":[44,115],"Decomposition)":[45],"and":[46,59,77,90,127,238],"GAT":[48,169],"(Graph":[49],"Attention":[50],"network)":[51],"proposed":[53,198],"deal":[55],"with":[56,123],"end":[57],"mode":[60],"mixing":[61],"issues":[62],"in":[63,80,137,172,186,222],"decomposition.":[65],"Firstly,":[66],"WOA":[68],"used":[70,97,110,148,160],"adaptively":[72],"determine":[73],"penalty":[75],"factor":[76],"decomposition":[78],"layers":[79],"VMD":[82],"algorithm.":[83],"Meanwhile,":[84],"optimal":[86],"combination":[87],"determined":[89],"input":[91],"into":[92],"VMD,":[94],"decompose":[99],"original":[101,125,139],"signal.":[102,140,177],"Then,":[103],"Pearson":[105],"correlation":[106,122],"coefficient":[107],"select":[112],"IMF":[113,129],"(Intrinsic":[114],"Function)":[116],"components":[117,130],"that":[118,231],"have":[119],"high":[121],"selected":[128],"are":[131],"reconstructed":[132],"remove":[134],"Finally,":[141],"KNN":[143],"(K-Nearest":[144],"Neighbor)":[145],"construct":[150,162],"graph":[152],"structure":[153],"data.":[154],"The":[155,178],"multi-headed":[156],"attention":[157],"mechanism":[158],"model":[166],"classify":[175],"results":[179],"show":[180],"an":[181],"obvious":[182],"reduction":[184],"high-frequency":[188],"part":[189],"after":[193],"application":[195],"method,":[199],"where":[200],"large":[202],"amount":[203],"was":[206,225],"removed.":[207],"faults,":[214],"accuracy":[216,241],"test":[219],"set":[220],"this":[223],"study":[224],"100%,":[226],"higher":[229],"than":[230],"four":[234],"other":[235],"compared":[236],"methods,":[237],"rate":[242],"various":[244],"faults":[245],"reached":[246],"100%.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
