{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4362668489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25040621","title":"Performance Comparison of Different Flat Plate Solar Collectors by Means of the Entropy Generation Rate Using Computational Fluid Dynamics","display_name":"Performance Comparison of Different Flat Plate Solar Collectors by Means of the Entropy Generation Rate Using Computational Fluid Dynamics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4362668489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25040621","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37190409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25040621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25040621","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/4/621/pdf?version=1680769604","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/4/621/pdf?version=1680769604","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038487878","display_name":"J.J. Ram\u00edrez-Minguela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-5864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129858807","display_name":"Universidad de Guanajuato","ror":"https://ror.org/058cjye32","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. J. Ram\u00edrez-Minguela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-5864","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078126965","display_name":"V.H. Rangel-Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9590-8051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129858807","display_name":"Universidad de Guanajuato","ror":"https://ror.org/058cjye32","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. H. Rangel-Hern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Division, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, University of Guanajuato, Salamanca 36885, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9590-8051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Division, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, University of Guanajuato, Salamanca 36885, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053069706","display_name":"J. Arturo Alfaro-Ayala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-282X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129858807","display_name":"Universidad de Guanajuato","ror":"https://ror.org/058cjye32","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Alfaro-Ayala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-282X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046672745","display_name":"Francisco Elizalde\u2010Blancas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2372-949X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129858807","display_name":"Universidad de Guanajuato","ror":"https://ror.org/058cjye32","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Elizalde-Blancas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Division, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, University of Guanajuato, Salamanca 36885, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Division, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, University of Guanajuato, Salamanca 36885, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034671900","display_name":"B. Ruiz-Camacho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-1317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129858807","display_name":"Universidad de Guanajuato","ror":"https://ror.org/058cjye32","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Ruiz-Camacho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032001652","display_name":"Oscar A. L\u00f3pez-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-8284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173664879","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California","ror":"https://ror.org/05xwcq167","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173664879"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. A. L\u00f3pez-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-8284","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173664879"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034547249","display_name":"Carlos E. Alvarado-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-1739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129858807","display_name":"Universidad de Guanajuato","ror":"https://ror.org/058cjye32","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. E. Alvarado-Rodr\u00edguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038487878"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129858807"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.4909,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51138047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"621","last_page":"621"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zigzag","display_name":"Zigzag","score":0.6806386113166809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-fluid-dynamics","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","score":0.6472978591918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.5988385677337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5584471821784973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volumetric-flow-rate","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","score":0.5201601982116699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.4633849561214447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inlet","display_name":"Inlet","score":0.46195223927497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.45975446701049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.35227078199386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.3263022303581238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27671802043914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2735848128795624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.12230566143989563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09323102235794067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192271897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198438","display_name":"Zigzag","level":2,"score":0.6806386113166809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1633027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.6472978591918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5988385677337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5584471821784973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.5201601982116699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.4633849561214447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201289731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172599","display_name":"Inlet","level":2,"score":0.46195223927497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.45975446701049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.35227078199386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.3263022303581238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27671802043914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2735848128795624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12230566143989563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09323102235794067}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25040621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25040621","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/4/621/pdf?version=1680769604","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37190409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37190409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10138124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10138124","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10138124/pdf/entropy-25-00621.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7abb3cbe14114d6e9d879a8646dfaa6c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7abb3cbe14114d6e9d879a8646dfaa6c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 25, Iss 4, p 621 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/25/4/621/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 25; Issue 4; Pages: 621","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25040621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25040621","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/4/621/pdf?version=1680769604","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362668489.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362668489.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989674892","https://openalex.org/W1994941335","https://openalex.org/W2007519617","https://openalex.org/W2010488624","https://openalex.org/W2015288603","https://openalex.org/W2017211290","https://openalex.org/W2024498025","https://openalex.org/W2025808247","https://openalex.org/W2049917789","https://openalex.org/W2055705411","https://openalex.org/W2056935337","https://openalex.org/W2082657838","https://openalex.org/W2092976546","https://openalex.org/W2098846392","https://openalex.org/W2151820839","https://openalex.org/W2737567556","https://openalex.org/W2751654976","https://openalex.org/W2766229304","https://openalex.org/W2767380104","https://openalex.org/W2779915603","https://openalex.org/W2889805223","https://openalex.org/W3048584518","https://openalex.org/W3089836509","https://openalex.org/W3110902829","https://openalex.org/W3124599791","https://openalex.org/W3198864860","https://openalex.org/W3199735246","https://openalex.org/W3216814154","https://openalex.org/W4200610250","https://openalex.org/W6682538158","https://openalex.org/W6805526448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808029097","https://openalex.org/W2318399895","https://openalex.org/W2032417936","https://openalex.org/W3177000891","https://openalex.org/W3035794677","https://openalex.org/W2744724772","https://openalex.org/W2588100896","https://openalex.org/W2152067480","https://openalex.org/W2913827062","https://openalex.org/W2187141510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"a":[3,154],"numerical":[4],"analysis":[5],"of":[6,34,40,48,55,63,87,108,137,157],"three":[7],"different":[8],"flat":[9,41,65],"plate":[10,42,66],"solar":[11,43,67,100],"collectors":[12,44,68,145],"was":[13,27],"conducted":[14],"using":[15],"their":[16,49],"entropy":[17,50,76,121,140,173],"generation":[18,51,77,122,141,174],"rates.":[19,52],"Specifically,":[20],"the":[21,31,64,72,82,88,98,106,116,135,138,144,151,164,177,182],"Computational":[22],"Fluid":[23],"Dynamics":[24],"(CFD)":[25],"technique":[26],"used":[28],"to":[29,92],"compare":[30],"detailed":[32],"performance":[33],"conventional":[35,178],"and":[36,60,74,114,119,131,134,148,171],"zigzag":[37,165],"tube":[38],"geometries":[39,166],"(FPCs)":[45],"in":[46,105],"terms":[47],"The":[53,111,128],"effects":[54],"fluid":[56],"viscosity,":[57],"heat":[58,61],"transfer,":[59],"loss":[62],"were":[69,95],"considered":[70],"for":[71,102,124,150,180],"local":[73,139],"global":[75,120],"rate":[78,86,156],"analyses.":[79],"Variations":[80],"on":[81],"inlet":[83],"volumetric":[84,125,183],"flow":[85,126,155,184],"FPCs":[89],"from":[90],"1.0":[91],"9.0":[93],"L/min":[94],"simulated":[96],"under":[97],"average":[99],"radiation":[101],"one":[103],"year":[104],"state":[107],"Guanajuato,":[109],"Mexico.":[110],"results":[112,161],"illustrate":[113],"discuss":[115],"temperatures,":[117],"pressures,":[118],"rates":[123,142,175,185],"variations.":[127],"velocity,":[129],"temperature,":[130],"pressure":[132],"distributions":[133],"maps":[136],"inside":[143],"are":[146],"presented":[147],"analyzed":[149],"case":[152],"with":[153],"3.0":[158],"L/min.":[159],"These":[160],"demonstrate":[162],"that":[163],"achieved":[167],"higher":[168],"outlet":[169],"temperatures":[170],"greater":[172],"than":[176],"geometry":[179],"all":[181],"considered.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-23T07:36:19.812096","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}