{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321599387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25030400","title":"Cryptanalyzing and Improving an Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Chaotic Dual Scrambling of Pixel Position and Bit","display_name":"Cryptanalyzing and Improving an Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Chaotic Dual Scrambling of Pixel Position and Bit","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321599387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25030400","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36981290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25030400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25030400","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/3/400/pdf?version=1677573927","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/3/400/pdf?version=1677573927","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087485083","display_name":"Shuqin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4984-7371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196934937","display_name":"Liaocheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yh0n709","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuqin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081734128","display_name":"Congxu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-0532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Congxu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009226310","display_name":"Hanyu Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196934937","display_name":"Liaocheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yh0n709","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanyu Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081734128","https://openalex.org/A5087485083"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I196934937"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.4524,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83775227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"400","last_page":"400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrambling","display_name":"Scrambling","score":0.9211302399635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.8503696918487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaintext","display_name":"Plaintext","score":0.771708607673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7053370475769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6527495980262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.5254351496696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.5237119793891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49727585911750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.48277369141578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.46556922793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-encryption","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","score":0.42000406980514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3990311026573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3677870035171509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.19259494543075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17015355825424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.06813773512840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.05178907513618469}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182548165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2261483","display_name":"Scrambling","level":2,"score":0.9211302399635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.8503696918487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92717368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162538","display_name":"Plaintext","level":3,"score":0.771708607673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7053370475769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6527495980262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5254351496696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.5237119793891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49727585911750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.48277369141578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46556922793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54569210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246854","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","level":3,"score":0.42000406980514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3990311026573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3677870035171509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.19259494543075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17015355825424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.06813773512840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.05178907513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25030400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25030400","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/3/400/pdf?version=1677573927","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36981290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36981290","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10047393","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10047393","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10047393/pdf/entropy-25-00400.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4b4d16e38fd4eef9e199afd866473f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4b4d16e38fd4eef9e199afd866473f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 25, Iss 3, p 400 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/25/3/400/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25030400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e25030400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e25030400","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/3/400/pdf?version=1677573927","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1383335834","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31946220821B0849","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2498647149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2022MF283","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8453333110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071496","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324155","display_name":"Liaocheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yh0n709"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321599387.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321599387.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993277608","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2008604527","https://openalex.org/W2180872695","https://openalex.org/W2518005945","https://openalex.org/W2525526257","https://openalex.org/W2551507508","https://openalex.org/W2758328613","https://openalex.org/W2767875127","https://openalex.org/W2804305179","https://openalex.org/W2891021314","https://openalex.org/W2923415235","https://openalex.org/W2967953071","https://openalex.org/W3005505817","https://openalex.org/W3027669342","https://openalex.org/W3043241920","https://openalex.org/W3043421987","https://openalex.org/W3044173375","https://openalex.org/W3155378837","https://openalex.org/W3158538571","https://openalex.org/W3173179816","https://openalex.org/W3200118110","https://openalex.org/W3204604421","https://openalex.org/W4205557962","https://openalex.org/W4285731407","https://openalex.org/W4312196317","https://openalex.org/W4313529819","https://openalex.org/W6683116049","https://openalex.org/W6726344667","https://openalex.org/W6761013200","https://openalex.org/W6772944491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W936781193","https://openalex.org/W4297633779","https://openalex.org/W69312893","https://openalex.org/W2281112860","https://openalex.org/W3092327956","https://openalex.org/W2154135737","https://openalex.org/W2048539412","https://openalex.org/W2341723023","https://openalex.org/W2073145422","https://openalex.org/W2785911196"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"image":[1,19,40,142],"encryption":[2,20,75,87,168,203],"algorithm":[3,61,88,187],"for":[4],"the":[5,9,17,22,30,34,45,53,60,66,71,74,81,85,90,95,99,107,120,127,131,141,162,165,177,180,192,197,202],"double":[6],"scrambling":[7,91,97,103,114],"of":[8,24,39,47,73,84,113,122,126,133,164,179,205],"pixel":[10,100,124],"position":[11],"and":[12,36,106,135,173,200],"bit":[13,101],"was":[14,62,78,89,188],"cryptanalyzed.":[15],"In":[16],"original":[18,166],"algorithm,":[21,76],"positions":[23,38],"pixels":[25,41],"were":[26,42],"shuffled":[27],"totally":[28],"with":[29,140],"chaotic":[31,49,167],"sequence.":[32],"Then,":[33],"0":[35],"1-bit":[37],"scrambled":[43],"through":[44,70],"use":[46],"another":[48],"sequence":[50,92,104,109,115],"generated":[51],"by":[52],"input":[54],"key.":[55],"The":[56,111],"authors":[57],"claimed":[58],"that":[59,80],"able":[63],"to":[64,119,143,160,190],"resist":[65,196],"chosen-plaintext":[67,149,181,198],"attack.":[68],"However,":[69],"analysis":[72,172],"it":[77],"found":[79],"equivalent":[82,152],"key":[83,153],"whole":[86],"T":[93,116],"in":[94],"global":[96],"stage,":[98],"level":[102],"WT":[105,134],"diffusion":[108],"S.":[110],"generation":[112,132],"is":[117,137],"related":[118],"sum":[121],"all":[123],"values":[125],"plaintext":[128],"image,":[129],"while":[130],"S":[136],"not":[138],"associated":[139],"be":[144,156],"encrypted.":[145],"By":[146],"using":[147],"a":[148,206],"attack,":[150],"these":[151],"streams":[154],"can":[155,195],"cracked":[157],"so":[158],"as":[159],"realize":[161],"decoding":[163],"algorithm.":[169],"Both":[170],"theoretical":[171],"experimental":[174],"results":[175],"verify":[176],"feasibility":[178],"attack":[182,199],"strategy.":[183],"Finally,":[184],"an":[185],"improved":[186],"proposed":[189],"overcome":[191],"defect,":[193],"which":[194],"has":[201],"effect":[204],"\u201cone":[207],"time":[208],"pad\u201d.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}