{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4304762403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24101454","title":"Nested Named Entity Recognition Based on Dual Stream Feature Complementation","display_name":"Nested Named Entity Recognition Based on Dual Stream Feature Complementation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4304762403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24101454","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37420474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24101454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24101454","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/10/1454/pdf?version=1666682650","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/10/1454/pdf?version=1666682650","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016749616","display_name":"Tao Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004541974","display_name":"Rongmei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-4306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rongmei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-4306","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005506675","display_name":"Shunxiang Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunxiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067515645","display_name":"Songsong Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2983-4044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songsong Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101763462","display_name":"Yanjie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-6295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058682688","display_name":"Wen-Xiang Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxiang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100664507","display_name":"Xinyuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-7609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184681353","display_name":"Anhui University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q9atg80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004541974"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184681353"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.4162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68759916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"10","first_page":"1454","last_page":"1454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8462860584259033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6517779231071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entity-linking","display_name":"Entity linking","score":0.6152016520500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5862443447113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5710538029670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5665645003318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.5465050935745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.477582722902298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.42154577374458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4094059467315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.31075382232666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.141218364238739}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8462860584259033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6517779231071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96711827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17012245","display_name":"Entity linking","level":3,"score":0.6152016520500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5862443447113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5710538029670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5665645003318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.5465050935745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.477582722902298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.42154577374458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4094059467315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.31075382232666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.141218364238739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24101454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24101454","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/10/1454/pdf?version=1666682650","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37420474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37420474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b1b2d67fc3f4d41b1a8b02e4adbb649","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b1b2d67fc3f4d41b1a8b02e4adbb649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 10, p 1454 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/24/10/1454/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24101454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 24; Issue 10; Pages: 1454","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9602394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9602394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24101454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24101454","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/10/1454/pdf?version=1666682650","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5759799692","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62076006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7226211626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1908085MF189","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8021070416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GXXT-2021-008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4304762403.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1621122197","https://openalex.org/W1979145089","https://openalex.org/W2042188227","https://openalex.org/W2107598941","https://openalex.org/W2132083787","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2163107094","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2250710764","https://openalex.org/W2296283641","https://openalex.org/W2401534278","https://openalex.org/W2403753280","https://openalex.org/W2519314406","https://openalex.org/W2578454709","https://openalex.org/W2740006839","https://openalex.org/W2760146825","https://openalex.org/W2803609931","https://openalex.org/W2804221886","https://openalex.org/W2891570996","https://openalex.org/W2892252202","https://openalex.org/W2935052563","https://openalex.org/W2942593194","https://openalex.org/W2950281195","https://openalex.org/W2952230511","https://openalex.org/W2952594430","https://openalex.org/W2963625095","https://openalex.org/W2963626623","https://openalex.org/W2964101952","https://openalex.org/W2971019153","https://openalex.org/W2997087088","https://openalex.org/W3035625205","https://openalex.org/W3090015871","https://openalex.org/W3102603416","https://openalex.org/W3115926405","https://openalex.org/W3130378938","https://openalex.org/W3151327540","https://openalex.org/W3157506437","https://openalex.org/W3157876196","https://openalex.org/W3175811101","https://openalex.org/W3176680950","https://openalex.org/W3182720144","https://openalex.org/W3207397751","https://openalex.org/W4285152239","https://openalex.org/W4285295138","https://openalex.org/W4285308718","https://openalex.org/W4288748477","https://openalex.org/W6683738474","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6795140394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186562580","https://openalex.org/W3198729192","https://openalex.org/W4255258373","https://openalex.org/W2593907245","https://openalex.org/W3000685722","https://openalex.org/W2520117834","https://openalex.org/W626980589","https://openalex.org/W4313162113","https://openalex.org/W1884363728","https://openalex.org/W3133906981"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Named":[0],"entity":[1,38,124],"recognition":[2,39,126],"is":[3,13,46,76,98,109],"a":[4,14,148],"basic":[5],"task":[6],"in":[7,20,33,151],"natural":[8],"language":[9],"processing,":[10],"and":[11,65,128],"there":[12],"large":[15],"number":[16],"of":[17,69],"nested":[18,36],"structures":[19],"named":[21,24,37],"entities.":[22],"Nested":[23],"entities":[25],"become":[26],"the":[27,62,66,70,80,101,106,112,123,129,137,145,156],"basis":[28],"for":[29,48],"solving":[30],"many":[31],"tasks":[32],"NLP.":[34],"A":[35],"model":[40,146],"based":[41],"on":[42],"dual-flow":[43],"features":[44],"complementary":[45,90,115],"proposed":[47],"obtaining":[49],"efficient":[50],"feature":[51,89,107,114,152],"information":[52,75,97],"after":[53],"text":[54],"coding.":[55],"Firstly,":[56],"sentences":[57],"are":[58,133],"embedded":[59],"at":[60],"both":[61],"word":[63,125],"level":[64,68],"character":[67],"words,":[71],"then":[72,105],"sentence":[73],"context":[74],"obtained":[77],"separately":[78],"via":[79],"neural":[81],"network":[82],"Bi-LSTM;":[83],"Afterward,":[84],"two":[85],"vectors":[86],"perform":[87],"low-level":[88,93],"to":[91,111,117,135,155],"reinforce":[92],"semantic":[94,120],"information;":[95,121],"Sentence-local":[96],"captured":[99],"with":[100],"multi-head":[102],"attention":[103],"mechanism,":[104],"vector":[108],"sent":[110],"high-level":[113],"module":[116,127,132],"obtain":[118,136],"deep":[119],"Finally,":[122],"fine-grained":[130],"division":[131],"entered":[134],"internal":[138],"entity.":[139],"The":[140],"experimental":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"that":[144],"has":[147],"great":[149],"improvement":[150],"extraction":[153],"compared":[154],"classical":[157],"model.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
