{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293779623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081164","title":"Multi-Source Information Fusion Based on Negation of Reconstructed Basic Probability Assignment with Padded Gaussian Distribution and Belief Entropy","display_name":"Multi-Source Information Fusion Based on Negation of Reconstructed Basic Probability Assignment with Padded Gaussian Distribution and Belief Entropy","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293779623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081164","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36010828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24081164","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081164","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1164/pdf?version=1661071979","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1164/pdf?version=1661071979","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107932029","display_name":"Yujie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4545-7313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100525421","display_name":"Zexi Hua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zexi Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yongchuan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-9628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongchuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-9628","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032615847","display_name":"Baoxin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-4572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoxin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qianghua Times (Chengdu) Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610095, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China","Qianghua Times (Chengdu) Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610095, China; School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qianghua Times (Chengdu) Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610095, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qianghua Times (Chengdu) Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610095, China; School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610097, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100525421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004","https://openalex.org/I4800084"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2624,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60848728,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"8","first_page":"1164","last_page":"1164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9592999815940857,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9592999815940857,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.6355443000793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5709425806999207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5546042919158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.500535249710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48354005813598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47224873304367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.4631331264972687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.45910099148750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dempster\u2013shafer-theory","display_name":"Dempster\u2013Shafer theory","score":0.45217421650886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"Negation","score":0.43317389488220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4283856749534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-fusion","display_name":"Information fusion","score":0.4282868802547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35242724418640137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.6355443000793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5709425806999207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5546042919158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.500535249710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48354005813598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47224873304367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.4631331264972687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45910099148750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178011137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285997","display_name":"Dempster\u2013Shafer theory","level":2,"score":0.45217421650886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.43317389488220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4283856749534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982962833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092450","display_name":"Information fusion","level":2,"score":0.4282868802547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35242724418640137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24081164","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081164","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1164/pdf?version=1661071979","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36010828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36010828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f13ed866cc8f4fe18941650d0d380a67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f13ed866cc8f4fe18941650d0d380a67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 8, p 1164 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/24/8/1164/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24081164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 24; Issue 8; Pages: 1164","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9407456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9407456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24081164","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24081164","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1164/pdf?version=1661071979","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293779623.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293779623.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578800471","https://openalex.org/W1971520700","https://openalex.org/W2034470756","https://openalex.org/W2041286561","https://openalex.org/W2063373779","https://openalex.org/W2066090712","https://openalex.org/W2084840427","https://openalex.org/W2091434211","https://openalex.org/W2096088275","https://openalex.org/W2109637933","https://openalex.org/W2114463407","https://openalex.org/W2129048010","https://openalex.org/W2144590269","https://openalex.org/W2198113157","https://openalex.org/W2396175900","https://openalex.org/W2406470551","https://openalex.org/W2428472680","https://openalex.org/W2460247104","https://openalex.org/W2462494186","https://openalex.org/W2484389148","https://openalex.org/W2518320607","https://openalex.org/W2538896787","https://openalex.org/W2586938721","https://openalex.org/W2617942944","https://openalex.org/W2753546593","https://openalex.org/W2753743009","https://openalex.org/W2782879866","https://openalex.org/W2782939397","https://openalex.org/W2783697652","https://openalex.org/W2793408139","https://openalex.org/W2793525053","https://openalex.org/W2801882539","https://openalex.org/W2803202359","https://openalex.org/W2884189306","https://openalex.org/W2893182166","https://openalex.org/W2898848203","https://openalex.org/W2914714978","https://openalex.org/W2946021995","https://openalex.org/W2946056152","https://openalex.org/W2963974674","https://openalex.org/W2964480609","https://openalex.org/W2965278059","https://openalex.org/W2973476477","https://openalex.org/W2985076077","https://openalex.org/W2986647026","https://openalex.org/W3007999534","https://openalex.org/W3008063828","https://openalex.org/W3012976800","https://openalex.org/W3015634218","https://openalex.org/W3032338640","https://openalex.org/W3037601470","https://openalex.org/W3047997264","https://openalex.org/W3097392343","https://openalex.org/W3130847777","https://openalex.org/W3156350688","https://openalex.org/W3172923194","https://openalex.org/W3200594578","https://openalex.org/W4220768507","https://openalex.org/W4253746549","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W6671679412","https://openalex.org/W6674447700","https://openalex.org/W6717494615","https://openalex.org/W6733815535","https://openalex.org/W6747580237","https://openalex.org/W6753215635","https://openalex.org/W6782155907","https://openalex.org/W6802522796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067330150","https://openalex.org/W2375966783","https://openalex.org/W2377368844","https://openalex.org/W2132659060","https://openalex.org/W2360003067","https://openalex.org/W1981031086","https://openalex.org/W1971957814","https://openalex.org/W2031992971","https://openalex.org/W2113463819","https://openalex.org/W2363160655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-source":[0],"information":[1,24,38,49],"fusion":[2,50,113,131],"is":[3,114,185,212,234],"widely":[4],"used":[5,160],"because":[6],"of":[7,17,23,62,106,111,127,166,176,218,231],"its":[8],"similarity":[9],"to":[10],"practical":[11],"engineering":[12,27],"situations.":[13],"With":[14],"the":[15,21,54,60,70,76,95,104,117,123,136,141,146,149,155,163,167,171,174,177,189,193,198,204,209,215,219,224],"development":[16],"science":[18],"and":[19,29,100,154],"technology,":[20],"sources":[22],"collected":[25],"under":[26],"projects":[28],"scientific":[30],"research":[31],"are":[32,84,89,133,159],"more":[33],"diverse.":[34],"To":[35,68],"extract":[36],"helpful":[37],"from":[39,135],"multi-source":[40,48],"information,":[41],"in":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"propose":[46],"a":[47,181],"method":[51,120,206,211,226],"based":[52,121],"on":[53,122],"Dempster-Shafer":[55],"(DS)":[56],"evidence":[57,110,139],"theory":[58],"with":[59,81,192,200],"negation":[61],"reconstructed":[63],"basic":[64,72],"probability":[65,73],"assignments":[66],"(nrBPA).":[67],"determine":[69],"initial":[71],"assignment":[74],"(BPA),":[75],"Gaussian":[77,183],"distribution":[78],"BPA":[79,99,178],"functions":[80],"padding":[82],"terms":[83],"used.":[85],"After":[86],"that,":[87],"nrBPAs":[88],"determined":[90],"by":[91,187],"two":[92],"processes,":[93],"reassigning":[94],"high":[96],"blur":[97],"degree":[98],"transforming":[101],"them":[102],"into":[103],"form":[105],"negation.":[107],"In":[108,145,170],"addition,":[109],"preliminary":[112,137],"obtained":[115],"using":[116,180,203,223],"entropy":[118,126],"weight":[119],"improved":[124],"belief":[125],"nrBPAs.":[128],"The":[129],"final":[130],"results":[132],"calculated":[134],"fused":[138],"through":[140],"Dempster's":[142],"combination":[143],"rule.":[144],"experimental":[147],"section,":[148],"UCI":[150],"iris":[151,194,220],"data":[152,157,195,221],"set":[153,158,222],"wine":[156],"for":[161],"validating":[162],"arithmetic":[164],"processes":[165],"proposed":[168,210,225],"method.":[169],"comparative":[172],"analysis,":[173],"effectiveness":[175],"determination":[179],"padded":[182],"function":[184],"verified":[186],"discussing":[188],"classification":[190,216],"task":[191],"set.":[196],"Subsequently,":[197],"comparison":[199],"other":[201,238],"methods":[202],"cross-validation":[205],"proves":[207],"that":[208],"robust.":[213],"Notably,":[214],"accuracy":[217,230],"can":[227],"reach":[228],"an":[229],"97.04%,":[232],"which":[233],"higher":[235],"than":[236],"many":[237],"methods.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
