{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283781206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24070923","title":"Numerical Study on Entropy Generation of the Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump","display_name":"Numerical Study on Entropy Generation of the Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283781206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24070923","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35885146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24070923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24070923","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/923/pdf?version=1657159232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/923/pdf?version=1657159232","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085552206","display_name":"Baoxin Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoxin Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084425698","display_name":"Zhaoyu Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-0345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyu Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080922222","display_name":"Ruonan Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1729-9534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruonan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000444982","display_name":"Songying Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-8802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Songying Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-8802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000444982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":2.1005,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85445723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"7","first_page":"923","last_page":"923"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11202","display_name":"Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11202","display_name":"Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11372","display_name":"Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impeller","display_name":"Impeller","score":0.8445172309875488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.6536126732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5963830947875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centrifugal-pump","display_name":"Centrifugal pump","score":0.552960991859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence","display_name":"Turbulence","score":0.5177725553512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vortex","display_name":"Vortex","score":0.43979668617248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.37205034494400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3506864905357361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.34300726652145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3174440264701843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153005164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1698700","display_name":"Impeller","level":2,"score":0.8445172309875488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6536126732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5963830947875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166675230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627111","display_name":"Centrifugal pump","level":3,"score":0.552960991859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.5177725553512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.43979668617248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37205034494400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3506864905357361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.34300726652145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3174440264701843}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24070923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24070923","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/923/pdf?version=1657159232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35885146","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35885146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8af5785e4e2f42beb44134d7e302bb82","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8af5785e4e2f42beb44134d7e302bb82","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 7, p 923 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/24/7/923/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24070923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 24; Issue 7; Pages: 923","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9320110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9320110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24070923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24070923","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/923/pdf?version=1657159232","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283781206.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971749567","https://openalex.org/W1985424350","https://openalex.org/W1996766979","https://openalex.org/W2014849438","https://openalex.org/W2019020590","https://openalex.org/W2029804151","https://openalex.org/W2050667118","https://openalex.org/W2053610220","https://openalex.org/W2063545761","https://openalex.org/W2069722926","https://openalex.org/W2070729197","https://openalex.org/W2091619476","https://openalex.org/W2212567283","https://openalex.org/W2340974207","https://openalex.org/W2358870852","https://openalex.org/W2530716213","https://openalex.org/W2551739133","https://openalex.org/W2560662699","https://openalex.org/W2784172130","https://openalex.org/W2894691395","https://openalex.org/W2898395071","https://openalex.org/W2898805358","https://openalex.org/W2906956680","https://openalex.org/W2940398177","https://openalex.org/W3080449771","https://openalex.org/W3184998454","https://openalex.org/W3209613126","https://openalex.org/W4206528764","https://openalex.org/W4213233817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378681014","https://openalex.org/W2582029994","https://openalex.org/W2057252821","https://openalex.org/W2721328606","https://openalex.org/W3012580464","https://openalex.org/W2889152977","https://openalex.org/W2875889505","https://openalex.org/W2392523249","https://openalex.org/W3080240044","https://openalex.org/W2203939492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,63,107,141,169],"energy":[1],"loss":[2,70],"of":[3,43,53,89,113,138,145,172,198],"the":[4,14,19,40,54,59,67,87,90,100,110,114,119,128,135,146,156,166,173,181,188,196],"multi-stage":[5],"centrifugal":[6],"pump":[7],"was":[8,33,37,151],"investigated":[9],"by":[10,81],"numerical":[11],"analysis":[12],"using":[13],"entropy":[15,41,56,74,105,122,136,142,162,170,189],"generation":[16,25,42,57,75,137,143,163,171,190],"method":[17,191],"with":[18,165,180],"RNG":[20],"k-\u03b5":[21],"turbulence":[22],"model.":[23],"Entropy":[24],"due":[26],"to":[27,104],"time-averaged":[28],"motion":[29],"and":[30,46,51,72,149],"velocity":[31],"fluctuation":[32],"mainly":[34],"considered.":[35],"It":[36],"found":[38,154],"that":[39,155,187],"guide":[44,64,91,115,129,147,158],"vanes":[45,65,148],"impellers":[47,150],"account":[48],"for":[49],"71.2%":[50],"23.3%":[52],"total":[55],"under":[58],"designed":[60],"flow":[61,97],"condition.":[62],"are":[66,84,125],"main":[68],"hydraulic":[69,199],"domains":[71],"their":[73],"is":[76,177],"about":[77],"9":[78],"W/K,":[79],"followed":[80],"impellers.":[82],"There":[83,124],"vortices":[85],"at":[86],"tongue":[88],"vane":[92,130,159],"inlet":[93],"as":[94,96],"well":[95],"separations":[98],"in":[99,118,121,195],"impellers,":[101],"which":[102,132,153],"lead":[103],"generation.":[106,123],"fluid":[108],"impacts":[109],"outer":[111],"surface":[112,176],"vanes,":[116],"resulting":[117],"increase":[120,134],"refluxes":[126],"near":[127],"tongues":[131],"also":[133],"this":[139],"part.":[140],"distribution":[144],"investigated,":[152],"positive":[157],"has":[160,192],"more":[161],"compared":[164,179],"reverse":[167],"guide.":[168],"blade":[174],"suction":[175],"higher":[178],"pressure":[182],"surface.":[183],"This":[184],"study":[185],"indicated":[186],"distinct":[193],"advantages":[194],"assessment":[197],"loss.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}