{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224099274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24040507","title":"Evolution and Trade-Off Dynamics of Functional Load","display_name":"Evolution and Trade-Off Dynamics of Functional Load","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224099274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24040507","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35455170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24040507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24040507","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/4/507/pdf?version=1649227202","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/4/507/pdf?version=1649227202","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004704755","display_name":"Erich R. Round","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7533-8052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161060","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History","ror":"https://ror.org/05mjrzy91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210161060"]}],"countries":["AU","DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erich Round","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ancient Language Lab, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia","Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, D-07745 Jena, Germany","Surrey Morphology Group, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ancient Language Lab, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, D-07745 Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161060"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surrey Morphology Group, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090390811","display_name":"Rikker Dockum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-808X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118020396","display_name":"Swarthmore College","ror":"https://ror.org/012dg8a96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rikker Dockum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Linguistics, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118020396"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043944316","display_name":"Robin Ryder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7467-0467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171048554","display_name":"Centre de Recherche en Math\u00e9matiques de la D\u00e9cision","ror":"https://ror.org/03s0gj002","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I171048554","https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I4210141950","https://openalex.org/I56435720"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2746051580","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Sciences et Lettres","ror":"https://ror.org/013cjyk83","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56435720","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Dauphine-PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/052bz7812","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I56435720"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin J. Ryder","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEREMADE, CNRS, UMR 7534, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Dauphine, PSL University, 75016 Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEREMADE, CNRS, UMR 7534, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Dauphine, PSL University, 75016 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56435720","https://openalex.org/I171048554","https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004704755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802","https://openalex.org/I28290843","https://openalex.org/I4210161060"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.5479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78950588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"507","last_page":"507"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.5747857093811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5115535855293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.3845062851905823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19108566641807556}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.5747857093811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5115535855293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.3845062851905823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19108566641807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24040507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24040507","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/4/507/pdf?version=1649227202","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35455170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35455170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2112.12224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.12224","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.12224","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03630585v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03630585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, 2022, &#x27E8;10.3390/e24040507&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:basepub.dauphine.psl.eu:123456789/23097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://basepub.dauphine.psl.eu/handle/123456789/23097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401007","display_name":"Base Institutionnelle de Recherche de l'universit\u00e9 Paris-Dauphine (BIRD) (University Paris-Dauphine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102197404","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article accept\u00e9 pour publication ou publi\u00e9"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7ed9cf144e8c4fc4be77a98effc83f1c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7ed9cf144e8c4fc4be77a98effc83f1c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 4, p 507 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/24/4/507/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24040507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 24; Issue 4; Pages: 507","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9031818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9031818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24040507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24040507","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/4/507/pdf?version=1649227202","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6927087578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GP300169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320004","funder_display_name":"British Academy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320004","display_name":"British Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0302b4677"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224099274.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224099274.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73554473","https://openalex.org/W95389735","https://openalex.org/W176680605","https://openalex.org/W209198871","https://openalex.org/W223988731","https://openalex.org/W277336407","https://openalex.org/W1500643276","https://openalex.org/W1600008395","https://openalex.org/W1604180709","https://openalex.org/W1605984840","https://openalex.org/W1934354730","https://openalex.org/W1966879166","https://openalex.org/W1972436629","https://openalex.org/W1976388103","https://openalex.org/W1979928586","https://openalex.org/W1990221500","https://openalex.org/W1994977766","https://openalex.org/W1996748830","https://openalex.org/W1998949632","https://openalex.org/W2041399291","https://openalex.org/W2078315532","https://openalex.org/W2089679262","https://openalex.org/W2122557078","https://openalex.org/W2133360663","https://openalex.org/W2168421453","https://openalex.org/W2215078548","https://openalex.org/W2279888690","https://openalex.org/W2289619055","https://openalex.org/W2294949682","https://openalex.org/W2338559045","https://openalex.org/W2480453650","https://openalex.org/W2495284121","https://openalex.org/W2498782314","https://openalex.org/W2501162074","https://openalex.org/W2506406911","https://openalex.org/W2739625515","https://openalex.org/W2790354221","https://openalex.org/W2792234807","https://openalex.org/W2810419793","https://openalex.org/W2886675958","https://openalex.org/W2891778984","https://openalex.org/W2905961459","https://openalex.org/W2968746794","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W2998242723","https://openalex.org/W3004049291","https://openalex.org/W3035111735","https://openalex.org/W3111727236","https://openalex.org/W4210968685","https://openalex.org/W4214632867","https://openalex.org/W4244434307","https://openalex.org/W4246179969","https://openalex.org/W4256675988","https://openalex.org/W4301496027","https://openalex.org/W4321428117","https://openalex.org/W4376595873","https://openalex.org/W4384940395","https://openalex.org/W6647695050","https://openalex.org/W6725021102","https://openalex.org/W6787160468","https://openalex.org/W6886230809","https://openalex.org/W6889523366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Functional":[0],"load":[1],"(FL)":[2],"quantifies":[3],"the":[4,13,30,49,58,84,115,122,168,191],"contributions":[5],"by":[6],"phonological":[7,93,103],"contrasts":[8],"to":[9,24,36,47,134,155],"distinctions":[10],"made":[11],"across":[12,54,83,171],"lexicon.":[14],"Previous":[15],"research":[16],"has":[17],"linked":[18],"particularly":[19],"low":[20],"values":[21,41,77],"of":[22,32,52,57,62,69,102,117,121,163,167,183,190,196,200],"FL":[23,35,53,76,116],"sound":[25,143],"change.":[26],"Here,":[27],"we":[28,132,158],"broaden":[29],"scope":[31],"enquiry":[33],"into":[34],"its":[37],"evolution":[38,51],"at":[39],"higher":[40],"also.":[42],"We":[43,64,107],"apply":[44],"phylogenetic":[45,70,87],"methods":[46],"examine":[48],"diachronic":[50],"90":[55],"languages":[56,140],"Pama-Nyungan":[59],"(PN)":[60],"family":[61,174],"Australia.":[63],"find":[65,109],"a":[66,110,126,151,161,172,177],"high":[67],"degree":[68],"signal":[71],"in":[72,100,137,145,204],"FL,":[73],"indicating":[74],"that":[75,175],"covary":[78],"closely":[79],"with":[80],"genealogical":[81],"structure":[82],"family.":[85],"Though":[86],"signals":[88],"have":[89],"been":[90],"reported":[91],"for":[92],"structures,":[94],"such":[95],"as":[96,160],"phonotactics,":[97],"their":[98,146],"detection":[99],"measures":[101],"function":[104],"is":[105],"novel.":[106],"also":[108],"significant,":[111],"negative":[112],"correlation":[113],"between":[114,165],"vowel":[118],"length":[119],"and":[120,141,180],"following":[123],"consonant-that":[124],"is,":[125],"time-depth":[127],"historical":[128,152],"trade-off":[129],"dynamic,":[130,153],"which":[131,157],"relate":[133],"known":[135],"allophony":[136],"modern":[138],"PN":[139],"compensatory":[142],"changes":[144],"past.":[147],"The":[148],"findings":[149,187],"reveal":[150],"similar":[154],"transphonologization,":[156],"characterize":[159],"flow":[162],"contrastiveness":[164],"subsystems":[166],"phonology.":[169],"Recurring":[170],"language":[173],"spans":[176],"whole":[178],"continent":[179],"many":[181],"millennia":[182],"time":[184],"depth,":[185],"our":[186],"provide":[188],"one":[189],"most":[192],"compelling":[193],"examples":[194],"yet":[195],"Sapir's":[197],"'drift'":[198],"hypothesis":[199],"non-accidental":[201],"parallel":[202],"development":[203],"historically":[205],"related":[206],"languages.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
