{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220807439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24030383","title":"Counteracting a Saturation Attack in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using an Adjustable Optical Filter Embedded in Homodyne Detector","display_name":"Counteracting a Saturation Attack in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using an Adjustable Optical Filter Embedded in Homodyne Detector","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220807439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24030383","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35327894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24030383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24030383","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/3/383/pdf?version=1646808460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/3/383/pdf?version=1646808460","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109532050","display_name":"Shengjie Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451133","display_name":"Yin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9529-8481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113786097","display_name":"Yun Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3326-4729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yun Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020160142","display_name":"Ying Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-2061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","School of Computer, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-2061","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020160142","https://openalex.org/A5113786097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.6939,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74267424,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"3","first_page":"383","last_page":"383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.8704548478126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5793578624725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/countermeasure","display_name":"Countermeasure","score":0.5747029781341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5230637192726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-conversion-receiver","display_name":"Direct-conversion receiver","score":0.4699314534664154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4409177601337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.37542960047721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3650582730770111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.3258906602859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27191880345344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.236345112323761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2019355297088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.10736390948295593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.8704548478126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5793578624725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21593369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1032176","display_name":"Countermeasure","level":2,"score":0.5747029781341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5230637192726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26351279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227627","display_name":"Direct-conversion receiver","level":3,"score":0.4699314534664154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4409177601337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.37542960047721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3650582730770111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.3258906602859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27191880345344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.236345112323761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2019355297088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.10736390948295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24030383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24030383","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/3/383/pdf?version=1646808460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35327894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35327894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11ffc603a62947fbbae668d63df0f6ff","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11ffc603a62947fbbae668d63df0f6ff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 3, p 383 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/24/3/383/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24030383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 24; Issue 3; Pages: 383","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8947466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8947466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24030383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24030383","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/3/383/pdf?version=1646808460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3591305272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871407, 61801522","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3630722194","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u975e\u9ad8\u65af\u91cf\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u8de8\u5a92\u4ecb\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u91cf\u91cf\u5b50\u5bc6\u94a5\u5206\u53d1\u673a\u5236","funder_award_id":"61871407","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G478589964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801522","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220807439.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220807439.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965584211","https://openalex.org/W1970948459","https://openalex.org/W1977148550","https://openalex.org/W2036792402","https://openalex.org/W2056691533","https://openalex.org/W2077802478","https://openalex.org/W2081810236","https://openalex.org/W2089350264","https://openalex.org/W2121213780","https://openalex.org/W2142739935","https://openalex.org/W2222230403","https://openalex.org/W2322848172","https://openalex.org/W2415952269","https://openalex.org/W2748244163","https://openalex.org/W2791479747","https://openalex.org/W2801305339","https://openalex.org/W2894750565","https://openalex.org/W2900537341","https://openalex.org/W2948658930","https://openalex.org/W3031867936","https://openalex.org/W3034516346","https://openalex.org/W3038067977","https://openalex.org/W3044253432","https://openalex.org/W3085414821","https://openalex.org/W3104637966","https://openalex.org/W3126079197","https://openalex.org/W3134524298","https://openalex.org/W3135026101","https://openalex.org/W3153206614"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378749186","https://openalex.org/W2364088131","https://openalex.org/W4313487304","https://openalex.org/W2314556459","https://openalex.org/W2736059005","https://openalex.org/W2362741838","https://openalex.org/W622044715","https://openalex.org/W2035131364","https://openalex.org/W2378994067","https://openalex.org/W50734918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"saturation":[1,92],"attack":[2,28,93],"can":[3,65,86],"be":[4,87],"employed":[5],"for":[6,89],"compromising":[7],"the":[8,37,43,46,50,55,68,78],"practical":[9,95],"security":[10],"of":[11,45,54],"continuous-variable":[12],"quantum":[13,96],"key":[14,57],"distribution":[15],"(CVQKD).":[16],"In":[17],"this":[18,27,84],"paper,":[19],"we":[20],"suggest":[21],"a":[22,91],"countermeasure":[23,48],"approach":[24,85],"to":[25],"resisting":[26],"by":[29,74],"embedding":[30],"an":[31,75],"adjustable":[32],"optical":[33],"filter":[34],"(AOF)":[35],"in":[36,52,94],"CVQKD":[38],"system.":[39],"Numerical":[40],"simulations":[41],"illustrate":[42],"effects":[44],"AOF-enabled":[47],"on":[49],"performance":[51],"terms":[53],"secret":[56],"rate":[58],"and":[59],"transmission":[60],"distance.":[61],"The":[62],"legal":[63],"participants":[64],"trace":[66],"back":[67],"information":[69],"that":[70,83],"has":[71],"been":[72],"eavesdropped":[73],"attacker":[76],"from":[77],"imperfect":[79],"receiver,":[80],"which":[81],"indicates":[82],"used":[88],"defeating":[90],"communications.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
