{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210391300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24020219","title":"Coolant Wetting Simulation on Simplified Stator Coil Model by the Phase-Field Lattice Boltzmann Method","display_name":"Coolant Wetting Simulation on Simplified Stator Coil Model by the Phase-Field Lattice Boltzmann Method","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210391300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24020219","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35205513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24020219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24020219","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/2/219/pdf?version=1644318315","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/2/219/pdf?version=1644318315","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046390127","display_name":"Makoto Sugimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-7007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15807432","display_name":"Osaka Prefecture University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cf1je33","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makoto Sugimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-7007","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019236033","display_name":"Tatsuya Miyazaki","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15807432","display_name":"Osaka Prefecture University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cf1je33","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tatsuya Miyazaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030727388","display_name":"Masayuki Kaneda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0740-3641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15807432","display_name":"Osaka Prefecture University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cf1je33","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masayuki Kaneda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0740-3641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090761569","display_name":"Kazuhiko Suga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-1816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15807432","display_name":"Osaka Prefecture University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cf1je33","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuhiko Suga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-1816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030727388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.166,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38887203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"219","last_page":"219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11751","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11751","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12163","display_name":"Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11254","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetting","display_name":"Wetting","score":0.7373227477073669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7223768830299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coolant","display_name":"Coolant","score":0.6699181795120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.668941080570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-boltzmann-methods","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann methods","score":0.6429420709609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.5954112410545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.496756374835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.35449549555778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.2721167206764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.16513991355895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1548168659210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11009445786476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1050327718257904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134514944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817136","display_name":"Wetting","level":2,"score":0.7373227477073669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7223768830299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91914117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056832","display_name":"Coolant","level":2,"score":0.6699181795120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.668941080570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21821499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1807064","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann methods","level":2,"score":0.6429420709609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.5954112410545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.496756374835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.35449549555778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2721167206764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16513991355895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1548168659210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11009445786476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1050327718257904}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24020219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24020219","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/2/219/pdf?version=1644318315","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35205513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35205513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42b59ee0373345e9b463fe3cb49dd962","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42b59ee0373345e9b463fe3cb49dd962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 2, p 219 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/24/2/219/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 24; Issue 2; Pages: 219","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8870962","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8870962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e24020219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e24020219","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/2/219/pdf?version=1644318315","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210391300.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210391300.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981136290","https://openalex.org/W1991113069","https://openalex.org/W2004277410","https://openalex.org/W2033116868","https://openalex.org/W2051029378","https://openalex.org/W2053447043","https://openalex.org/W2058046601","https://openalex.org/W2060138396","https://openalex.org/W2066060292","https://openalex.org/W2072063763","https://openalex.org/W2081496607","https://openalex.org/W2086981801","https://openalex.org/W2095470085","https://openalex.org/W2113652842","https://openalex.org/W2316009876","https://openalex.org/W2576613384","https://openalex.org/W2604677887","https://openalex.org/W2766218961","https://openalex.org/W2767813273","https://openalex.org/W2943900981","https://openalex.org/W2949051428","https://openalex.org/W2978772889","https://openalex.org/W3010577816","https://openalex.org/W3119887848","https://openalex.org/W3135061033","https://openalex.org/W6774299013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378716748","https://openalex.org/W3024832472","https://openalex.org/W2598708838","https://openalex.org/W2350544349","https://openalex.org/W4310841767","https://openalex.org/W2744582560","https://openalex.org/W1169125209","https://openalex.org/W2325080826","https://openalex.org/W1544389072","https://openalex.org/W2228544140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stator":[0],"coils":[1,45],"of":[2,19,153],"automobiles":[3],"in":[4],"operation":[5],"generate":[6],"heat":[7],"and":[8,31,48,78,114,123,170,186],"are":[9,46,85],"cooled":[10],"by":[11,87,110,120,157],"coolant":[12,21],"poured":[13],"from":[14],"above.":[15],"The":[16,104,143,161],"flow":[17,27,77,83,96,131,155],"characteristic":[18],"the":[20,24,54,57,76,89,95,98,111,115,121,124,130,133,151,154,158,167,174,181,188],"depends":[22],"on":[23],"coil":[25,58,72],"structure,":[26],"condition,":[28],"solid-fluid":[29],"interaction,":[30],"fluid":[32,82],"property,":[33],"which":[34,117],"has":[35],"not":[36],"been":[37],"clarified":[38],"due":[39,149],"to":[40,62,69,150,173],"its":[41],"complexities.":[42],"Since":[43],"straight":[44],"aligned":[47],"layered":[49],"with":[50,139],"an":[51,70],"angle":[52],"at":[53,166,180,194],"coolant-touchdown":[55],"region,":[56],"structure":[59],"is":[60,102,107,118,137,192],"simplified":[61],"a":[63],"horizontal":[64],"square":[65],"rod":[66,100,112,135,141,183],"array":[67,101],"referring":[68],"actual":[71],"size.":[73],"To":[74],"obtain":[75],"wetting":[79,105,146,162,190],"characteristics,":[80],"two-phase":[81],"simulations":[84],"conducted":[86],"using":[88],"phase-field":[90],"lattice":[91],"Boltzmann":[92],"method.":[93],"First,":[94],"onto":[97,132],"single-layered":[99],"discussed.":[103],"area":[106,163,191],"affected":[108],"both":[109],"gap":[113,122,184],"wettability,":[116],"normalized":[119],"averaged":[125],"boundary":[126],"layer":[127,145,169],"thickness.":[128],"Then,":[129],"multi-layered":[134],"arrays":[136],"investigated":[138],"different":[140],"gaps.":[142],"top":[144],"becomes":[147],"longitudinal":[148],"reduction":[152],"advection":[156],"second":[159,168],"layer.":[160,196],"jumps":[164],"up":[165],"increases":[171],"proportionally":[172],"below":[175],"layers.":[176],"These":[177],"become":[178],"remarkable":[179],"narrow":[182],"case,":[185],"finally,":[187],"dimensionless":[189],"discussed":[193],"each":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}