{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198357539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23091168","title":"Consideration for Affects of an XOR in a Random Number Generator Using Ring Oscillators","display_name":"Consideration for Affects of an XOR in a Random Number Generator Using Ring Oscillators","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198357539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23091168","mag":"3198357539","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34573793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23091168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23091168","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1168/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1168/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077486581","display_name":"R. Sato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-4336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163770644","display_name":"Okayama University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pc6pc55","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryoichi Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-4336","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020550164","display_name":"Yuta Kodera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-6122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163770644","display_name":"Okayama University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pc6pc55","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuta Kodera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057287311","display_name":"Md. Arshad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-4608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197842652","display_name":"Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00kvxt616","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197842652"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Arshad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197842652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022845862","display_name":"Takuya Kusaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4240-0454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163770644","display_name":"Okayama University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pc6pc55","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takuya Kusaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065515042","display_name":"Yasuyuki Nogami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-0719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163770644","display_name":"Okayama University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pc6pc55","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuyuki Nogami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005633397","display_name":"Robert Morelos-Zaragoza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-1694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, San Jos\u00e9 State University, One Washington Square, San Jos\u00e9, CA 95192, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, San Jos\u00e9 State University, One Washington Square, San Jos\u00e9, CA 95192, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077486581"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":0.3615,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56289858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"9","first_page":"1168","last_page":"1168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.8088580369949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.7320676445960999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xor-gate","display_name":"XOR gate","score":0.6419867277145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.641420841217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5341538190841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-shrinking-generator","display_name":"Self-shrinking generator","score":0.5328170657157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4778984785079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.47771143913269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-number-generator","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","score":0.4472528100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3912128806114197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.3582300543785095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.28210192918777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.25992104411125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.14733606576919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.13432958722114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-generator","display_name":"Induction generator","score":0.1342708170413971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.8088580369949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.7320676445960999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28495749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155516","display_name":"XOR gate","level":3,"score":0.6419867277145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.641420841217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5341538190841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207768971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084187","display_name":"Self-shrinking generator","level":4,"score":0.5328170657157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4778984785079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.47771143913269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140642157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623338","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","level":2,"score":0.4472528100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3912128806114197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.3582300543785095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28210192918777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25992104411125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14733606576919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.13432958722114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98716924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752750","display_name":"Induction generator","level":3,"score":0.1342708170413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23091168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23091168","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1168/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34573793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34573793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.sjsu.edu:faculty_rsca-3401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/faculty_rsca/2402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196389","display_name":"San Jos\u00e9 State University ScholarWorks (San Jose State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","host_organization_name":"San Jose State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3893cdf478c64669a190cd4a1852f71d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3893cdf478c64669a190cd4a1852f71d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 23, Iss 9, p 1168 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:7354715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8466240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01081:0005145920","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ousar.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/62463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/23/9/1168/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 23; Issue 9; Pages: 1168","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8466240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8466240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23091168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23091168","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/9/1168/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2203253641","display_name":"A Study of Parallel Pseudorandom Number Generator for Cryptographic Applications","funder_award_id":"20K23327","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198357539.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3198357539.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970099061","https://openalex.org/W1994535585","https://openalex.org/W2117205818","https://openalex.org/W2161890359","https://openalex.org/W2893778669","https://openalex.org/W2940625947","https://openalex.org/W2977528630","https://openalex.org/W2994775901","https://openalex.org/W3027313811","https://openalex.org/W3140517496","https://openalex.org/W4213212469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772380824","https://openalex.org/W2104480405","https://openalex.org/W1510406419","https://openalex.org/W2062045810","https://openalex.org/W2016239421","https://openalex.org/W2560798351","https://openalex.org/W2610269622","https://openalex.org/W44435986","https://openalex.org/W4408293060","https://openalex.org/W3198357539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"cloud":[1],"service":[2],"to":[3,86,108],"offer":[4],"entropy":[5,16,51],"has":[6],"been":[7],"paid":[8],"much":[9],"attention":[10],"to.":[11],"As":[12],"one":[13],"of":[14,70,127,141,152],"the":[15,68,75,80,88,93,96,100,110,125,128,139,142,150],"sources,":[17],"a":[18,26,39,45,59],"physical":[19,40],"random":[20,28,41,62],"number":[21,29,42,63,151],"generator":[22,43],"is":[23,113],"used":[24],"as":[25,49,58],"true":[27,61],"generator,":[30],"relying":[31],"on":[32,38],"its":[33],"irreproducibility.":[34],"This":[35,65],"paper":[36,66],"focuses":[37],"using":[44,134],"field-programmable":[46],"gate":[47,73,98,123],"array":[48],"an":[50,71,121],"source":[52],"by":[53,78,148],"employing":[54],"ring":[55,118,153],"oscillator":[56,154],"circuits":[57],"representative":[60],"generator.":[64,102],"investigates":[67],"effects":[69],"XOR":[72,97,122],"in":[74,99],"oscillation":[76],"circuit":[77],"observing":[79],"output":[81,94,129],"signal":[82],"period.":[83],"It":[84,112],"aims":[85],"reveal":[87],"relationship":[89],"between":[90],"inputs":[91],"and":[92],"through":[95],"target":[101],"The":[103],"authors":[104],"conduct":[105],"two":[106,117],"experiments":[107],"consider":[109],"relevance.":[111],"confirmed":[114],"that":[115,138],"combining":[116],"oscillators":[119],"with":[120],"increases":[124],"complexity":[126],"cycle.":[130],"In":[131],"addition,":[132],"verification":[133],"state":[135,143],"transitions":[136,144],"showed":[137],"probability":[140],"was":[145],"evenly":[146],"distributed":[147],"increasing":[149],"circuits.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}