{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195607060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23081053","title":"Application of Euler Neural Networks with Soft Computing Paradigm to Solve Nonlinear Problems Arising in Heat Transfer","display_name":"Application of Euler Neural Networks with Soft Computing Paradigm to Solve Nonlinear Problems Arising in Heat Transfer","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195607060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23081053","mag":"3195607060","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34441192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23081053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23081053","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/8/1053/pdf?version=1629169731","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/8/1053/pdf?version=1629169731","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033237516","display_name":"Naveed Ahmad Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8680-723X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181063083","display_name":"Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9y4e65","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naveed Ahmad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8680-723X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078433539","display_name":"Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4750-8384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56409017","display_name":"Nahrain University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v2p9075","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56409017"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al-Nahrain Nanorenewable Energy Research Center Baghdad, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 10001, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al-Nahrain Nanorenewable Energy Research Center Baghdad, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 10001, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56409017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009125561","display_name":"Carlos Andr\u00e9s Tavera Romero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-7222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091828","display_name":"Universidad Santiago de Cali","ror":"https://ror.org/00dxj9a45","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091828"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Andr\u00e9s Tavera Romero","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMBA R&D Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 76001, Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-7222","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMBA R&D Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 76001, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091828"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103147179","display_name":"Muhammad Sulaiman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-6211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181063083","display_name":"Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9y4e65","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Sulaiman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-6211","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051274105","display_name":"Maharani A. Bakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-7191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157696592","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Terengganu","ror":"https://ror.org/02474f074","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157696592"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maharani A. Bakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-7191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157696592"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103147179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":4.5831,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95704596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"8","first_page":"1053","last_page":"1053"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10288","display_name":"Fractional Differential Equations Solutions","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5521796345710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.5290526151657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5209283232688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5191056728363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eulers-formula","display_name":"Euler's formula","score":0.4997525215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.4956921339035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-conductivity","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","score":0.4357256591320038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.43007373809814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4255324900150299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.42217960953712463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.41111063957214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39202675223350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.318164587020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24411866068840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.15830162167549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10952287912368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08660939335823059}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5521796345710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.5290526151657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5209283232688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5191056728363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62884695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184871","display_name":"Euler's formula","level":2,"score":0.4997525215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.4956921339035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97346530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","level":2,"score":0.4357256591320038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.43007373809814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4255324900150299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.42217960953712463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.41111063957214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39202675223350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.318164587020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24411866068840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.15830162167549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10952287912368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08660939335823059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23081053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23081053","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/8/1053/pdf?version=1629169731","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34441192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34441192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3931d566db9d49ce94ff49edf2a7250d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3931d566db9d49ce94ff49edf2a7250d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 23, Iss 8, p 1053 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/23/8/1053/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23081053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 23; Issue 8; Pages: 1053","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8392039","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8392039","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23081053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23081053","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/8/1053/pdf?version=1629169731","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195607060.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509480431","https://openalex.org/W1564585348","https://openalex.org/W1964532325","https://openalex.org/W1970467391","https://openalex.org/W1984853762","https://openalex.org/W2000321237","https://openalex.org/W2006397502","https://openalex.org/W2009153306","https://openalex.org/W2009343239","https://openalex.org/W2013847485","https://openalex.org/W2016134912","https://openalex.org/W2025601900","https://openalex.org/W2026773778","https://openalex.org/W2027826061","https://openalex.org/W2039358210","https://openalex.org/W2042152753","https://openalex.org/W2046627322","https://openalex.org/W2051305405","https://openalex.org/W2053678148","https://openalex.org/W2058463483","https://openalex.org/W2059682178","https://openalex.org/W2059954703","https://openalex.org/W2061856167","https://openalex.org/W2064492515","https://openalex.org/W2065665295","https://openalex.org/W2066932187","https://openalex.org/W2077343007","https://openalex.org/W2095271983","https://openalex.org/W2155071288","https://openalex.org/W2165124516","https://openalex.org/W2169906807","https://openalex.org/W2181779261","https://openalex.org/W2213907373","https://openalex.org/W2295804338","https://openalex.org/W2608703863","https://openalex.org/W2747010588","https://openalex.org/W2762081956","https://openalex.org/W2770059025","https://openalex.org/W2780698255","https://openalex.org/W2789571749","https://openalex.org/W2887215578","https://openalex.org/W2887970844","https://openalex.org/W2899283552","https://openalex.org/W2901219218","https://openalex.org/W2908660119","https://openalex.org/W2955437414","https://openalex.org/W2969213840","https://openalex.org/W2969779876","https://openalex.org/W2972468788","https://openalex.org/W2974409775","https://openalex.org/W2985383053","https://openalex.org/W2996123546","https://openalex.org/W2998470103","https://openalex.org/W3010649223","https://openalex.org/W3013838762","https://openalex.org/W3015568951","https://openalex.org/W3036493604","https://openalex.org/W3036631204","https://openalex.org/W3043392026","https://openalex.org/W3083171042","https://openalex.org/W3096977223","https://openalex.org/W3110200606","https://openalex.org/W3121439948","https://openalex.org/W3124848429","https://openalex.org/W3134098739","https://openalex.org/W3134223240","https://openalex.org/W3136107660","https://openalex.org/W3136712463","https://openalex.org/W3137319087","https://openalex.org/W3149171421","https://openalex.org/W3156072498","https://openalex.org/W3157891312","https://openalex.org/W3159204917","https://openalex.org/W3161380219","https://openalex.org/W6633608966","https://openalex.org/W6652689271","https://openalex.org/W6685590619","https://openalex.org/W6767332235","https://openalex.org/W6793400976","https://openalex.org/W6794433487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186864281","https://openalex.org/W4255427455","https://openalex.org/W1966025497","https://openalex.org/W68941528","https://openalex.org/W4206451355","https://openalex.org/W8322802","https://openalex.org/W314331466","https://openalex.org/W2049545441","https://openalex.org/W2517153646","https://openalex.org/W3120490799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,69],"this":[1,70],"study,":[2],"a":[3,57,106],"novel":[4],"application":[5],"of":[6,27,38,47,109,127,145,192],"neurocomputing":[7],"technique":[8,96,152],"is":[9],"presented":[10],"for":[11,153],"solving":[12],"nonlinear":[13],"heat":[14,110,135,138],"transfer":[15,111,139],"and":[16,29,64,97,112,137,160,179,186,199],"natural":[17,113],"convection":[18,114],"porous":[19,115],"fin":[20,116],"problems":[21,40],"arising":[22],"in":[23,32,79,83,129,171],"almost":[24],"all":[25],"areas":[26],"engineering":[28],"technology,":[30],"especially":[31],"mechanical":[33],"engineering.":[34],"The":[35],"mathematical":[36],"models":[37,76],"the":[39,44,85,101,125,150,158,190,193],"are":[41,77,87,117,147],"exploited":[42],"by":[43,89,119],"intelligent":[45],"strength":[46],"Euler":[48,51],"polynomials":[49],"based":[50,73],"neural":[52],"networks":[53],"(ENN's),":[54],"optimized":[55],"with":[56,196],"generalized":[58],"normal":[59],"distribution":[60,108],"optimization":[61],"(GNDO)":[62],"algorithm":[63,67,123,195],"Interior":[65],"point":[66],"(IPA).":[68],"scheme,":[71],"ENN's":[72],"differential":[74],"equation":[75],"constructed":[78],"an":[80,92,121],"unsupervised":[81],"manner,":[82],"which":[84,99],"neurons":[86],"trained":[88],"GNDO":[90],"as":[91],"effective":[93],"global":[94],"search":[95,103],"IPA,":[98],"enhances":[100],"local":[102],"convergence.":[104],"Moreover,":[105],"temperature":[107],"investigated":[118],"using":[120],"ENN-GNDO-IPA":[122],"under":[124],"influence":[126],"variations":[128],"specific":[130],"heat,":[131],"thermal":[132],"conductivity,":[133],"internal":[134],"generation,":[136],"rate,":[140],"respectively.":[141],"A":[142],"large":[143],"number":[144],"executions":[146],"performed":[148],"on":[149],"proposed":[151,194],"different":[154],"cases":[155],"to":[156],"determine":[157],"reliability":[159],"effectiveness":[161],"through":[162],"various":[163],"performance":[164],"indicators":[165],"including":[166],"Nash-Sutcliffe":[167,172],"efficiency":[168,173],"(NSE),":[169],"error":[170,177],"(ENSE),":[174],"mean":[175],"absolute":[176],"(MAE),":[178],"Thiel's":[180],"inequality":[181],"coefficient":[182],"(TIC).":[183],"Extensive":[184],"graphical":[185],"statistical":[187],"analysis":[188],"shows":[189],"dominance":[191],"state-of-the-art":[197],"algorithms":[198],"numerical":[200],"solver":[201],"RK-4.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
