{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118232510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010007","title":"Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of the Quality of Transmission in Optical Networks","display_name":"Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of the Quality of Transmission in Optical Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118232510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010007","mag":"3118232510","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33375082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23010007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010007","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/7/pdf?version=1609579546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/7/pdf?version=1609579546","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058776994","display_name":"Stanis\u0142aw Kozdrowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-5189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stanis\u0142aw Kozdrowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-5189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068140368","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Cichosz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-7410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawe\u0142 Cichosz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-7410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049143689","display_name":"Piotr Paziewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6566-4620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piotr Paziewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064661607","display_name":"S. Sujecki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-6741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11923345","display_name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/008fyn775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u0142awomir Sujecki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunications and Teleinformatics Department, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-6741","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunications and Teleinformatics Department, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345","https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058776994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.6646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84562311,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"7","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","score":0.7962177395820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7613322734832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.6379467248916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.6090058088302612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6031495928764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5339381098747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-performance","display_name":"Network performance","score":0.45399293303489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3960191309452057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.351576030254364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33575719594955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15932834148406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.12743982672691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.07615351676940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.07349604368209839}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7962177395820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7613322734832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.6379467248916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.6090058088302612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6031495928764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5339381098747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.45399293303489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3960191309452057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.351576030254364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33575719594955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15932834148406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.12743982672691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.07615351676940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.07349604368209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23010007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010007","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/7/pdf?version=1609579546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33375082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33375082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:055b1b92244c4f73b482e9d228180208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/055b1b92244c4f73b482e9d228180208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 23, Iss 1, p 7 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/23/1/7/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23010007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy; Volume 23; Issue 1; Pages: 7","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7822106","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7822106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e23010007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010007","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/1/7/pdf?version=1609579546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3118232510.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W298212978","https://openalex.org/W580594664","https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1523937437","https://openalex.org/W1534477342","https://openalex.org/W1536719366","https://openalex.org/W1549656520","https://openalex.org/W1610349670","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1875061881","https://openalex.org/W1926592634","https://openalex.org/W1981143068","https://openalex.org/W1981552604","https://openalex.org/W1995443851","https://openalex.org/W2052537098","https://openalex.org/W2070493638","https://openalex.org/W2093717447","https://openalex.org/W2100900977","https://openalex.org/W2132870739","https://openalex.org/W2135703768","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2157395790","https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2204140219","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2342976938","https://openalex.org/W2471288191","https://openalex.org/W2507413285","https://openalex.org/W2587469986","https://openalex.org/W2592469385","https://openalex.org/W2594369284","https://openalex.org/W2742537553","https://openalex.org/W2782717155","https://openalex.org/W2787811863","https://openalex.org/W2790165588","https://openalex.org/W2801365394","https://openalex.org/W2883295335","https://openalex.org/W2892971304","https://openalex.org/W2894315724","https://openalex.org/W2902672705","https://openalex.org/W2905178517","https://openalex.org/W2907943549","https://openalex.org/W2911742269","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2914567096","https://openalex.org/W2950799921","https://openalex.org/W2957479875","https://openalex.org/W2964101383","https://openalex.org/W2969724595","https://openalex.org/W2972470287","https://openalex.org/W2973052374","https://openalex.org/W2996290009","https://openalex.org/W3004732066","https://openalex.org/W3102027041","https://openalex.org/W3102123752","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W3103337000","https://openalex.org/W3104887532","https://openalex.org/W3126135128","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4232545478","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4297944103"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981002473","https://openalex.org/W2357657342","https://openalex.org/W2153432761","https://openalex.org/W2152623100","https://openalex.org/W4214878056","https://openalex.org/W4379620780","https://openalex.org/W2358123428","https://openalex.org/W2973731587","https://openalex.org/W2947543664","https://openalex.org/W4391128991"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increasing":[0],"demand":[1],"in":[2,65],"the":[3,21,28,59,78,96,109],"backbone":[4],"Dense":[5],"Wavelength":[6],"Division":[7],"(DWDM)":[8],"Multiplexing":[9],"network":[10,41,54,106,111,132],"traffic":[11],"prompts":[12],"an":[13,75],"introduction":[14],"of":[15,27,58,61,77,80,98,116],"new":[16],"solutions":[17],"that":[18,49,57,100],"allow":[19],"increasing":[20],"transmission":[22,62,81],"speed":[23],"without":[24],"significant":[25],"increase":[26],"service":[29],"cost.":[30],"In":[31],"order":[32],"to":[33,53,103],"achieve":[34],"this":[35,66],"objective":[36],"simpler":[37],"and":[38,121,126,139],"faster,":[39],"DWDM":[40,105,110,131],"reconfiguration":[42,55],"procedures":[43],"are":[44,119,137],"needed.":[45],"A":[46],"key":[47],"problem":[48],"is":[50,56,82,101,124],"intrinsically":[51],"related":[52],"quality":[60,79],"assessment.":[63],"Thus,":[64],"contribution":[67],"a":[68,89,104],"Machine":[69],"Learning":[70],"(ML)":[71],"based":[72],"method":[73],"for":[74,128],"assessment":[76],"proposed.":[83],"The":[84,134],"proposed":[85,120],"ML":[86,117],"methods":[87],"use":[88],"database,":[90],"which":[91],"was":[92],"created":[93],"only":[94],"on":[95],"basis":[97],"information":[99],"available":[102],"operator":[107],"via":[108],"control":[112],"plane.":[113],"Several":[114],"types":[115],"classifiers":[118],"their":[122],"performance":[123],"tested":[125],"compared":[127],"two":[129],"real":[130],"topologies.":[133],"results":[135],"obtained":[136],"promising":[138],"motivate":[140],"further":[141],"research.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}